中考英语试卷分类汇编英语 语法填空(及答案)
一、英语语法填空
1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, with the development of Internet technology, two-dimensional code (二维码) is very popular among us. It's also ________ (call) quick response code (QR code). It's a group of black square dots on a white background. This special code was invented ________ a Japanese company in 1994. It's ________ (wide) used all over the world.
QR code is used ________ (store) information. It can also store pictures. It is easy to use a QR code. If you want to get the information, just take out your cellphone and scan (扫描) the code by a special app, and then you can get ________ easily.
Today, QR codcs are popular in China. There are QR codes on televisions and the Internet. The codes have been used and printed on Chinese train tickets ________ 2010. When a machine scans the code on the ticket, information of the ticket owner and the train ________ (appear) on the screen in a few seconds.
QR codes have many special uses. For example, in 2008, ________ Japanese company planned to put QR codes on gravestones (墓碑). By scanning the code, visitors could get information about the departed (去世的) person. Recently, special cards ________ QR codes were introduced to old people in some cities in China. If they get ________ (lose), people can know about their names, addresses and telephone numbers of their family members by scanning the codes. 【答案】 called；by；widely；to store；it；since；will appear；a；with；lost 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了二维码的应用。
（1）句意： 它也叫做快速响应码。根据call与主语是被动关系，已有助动词is，故此处是过去分词，故填called。
（2）句意： 这种特殊代码是1994年一家日本公司发明的。根据 was invented是被动语态可知用介词by，被，故填by。
（3）句意： 全世界都广泛地使用它。副词修饰动词used，widely是副词 ， 故填 widely。
（4）句意： 二维码码用于储存信息。 be used to do，被用来做某事，故此处是不定式，故填 to store。
（5）句意： 那么你可以很容易地得到信息 。information是不可数名词，故此处用it指代，做宾语，故填it。
（6）句意： 自从2010年以来，这些代码已经被使用并印在中国火车票上。根据 The codes have been used 可知时态是现在完成时，since+时间点2010，是现在完成时的标志，故填since。
（7）句意： 当机器扫描火车票上的代码时，几秒钟后火车票所有者和火车的信息就会出现在屏幕上。when引导的时间状语从句，时态是主将从现，故此处的主句是将来时will+动词原形 ， 故填 will appear。
（8）句意： 例如，2008年，一家日本公司计划在墓碑上贴二维码。Japanese是名词单数，用辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a，表示泛指 ， 故填a。
（9）句意：近年来，我国部分城市向老年人推出了二维码专用卡。此处缺少介词，做后置定语，根据 special cards 和 QR codes可知是一种携带关系，with，有……，故填with。 （10）句意：如果他们迷路了，人们可以通过扫描密码知道他们的家庭成员的姓名、地址和电话号码。get lost，迷路，固定搭配，故填lost。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意适当调整词性，时态和介词等用法。
2．阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Sitting at a desk in a classroom all day can be pretty boring. With a bike, the reading class can be ________ (interesting) than before.
The teachers in ________ school in the USA have tried this. The Read and Ride program ________(begin) five years ago. As part of the Read and Ride program, the teachers change the students'________ (desk) into exercise bikes. With this program, one classroom in the school has enough bikes for each student in class. ________ is possible for the students to ride bikes and read books at the same time. Even common classrooms have one bike at the back of them. The students who cannot sit still can use the bike ________ (do) exercise. The exercise bikes are not only good for the students' health but helpful in ________ (improve) the efficiency of the students' study. When students are bored with study, they can relax themselves ________ riding the bikes for a while.
After keeping trying the program for one year, the teachers found that the students ________ took part in the program did much better in reading tests. ________ amazing it is! 【答案】 more interesting；a；began；desks；It；to do；improving；by；who/that；How 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了美国的一所学校采取的一种有趣的教学方法来提高学生们的阅读能力，这种方法是边骑车边阅读。这种方法的使用收到了良好的效果。 （1）句意：使用自行车，阅读课比以前更有趣。根据than，可知应使用形容词的比较级，interesting的比较级为more interesting，故答案是more interesting。
（2）句意：美国一个学校的老师尝试了这一种方法。school使用的单数形式，而且并没有特指哪一所学校，因此应使用不定冠词，school是以辅音字母开始，因此应使用不定冠词a，故答案是a。
（3）句意：边阅读边骑自行车的项目开始于五年前。根据five years ago可知应使用过去时，begin的过去式是began，故答案是began。
（4）句意：作为阅读和骑行计划的一部分，老师将学生的课桌变成了自行车。一个班里的学生不只有一个，因此课桌也就不止一个，因此应使用复数形式desks，故答案是desks。
（5）句意：对于学生来说在同一时间边骑自行车边阅读成为了可能。固定搭配，it is+形容词+for sb to do，对于某人来说做某事怎样，故答案是it。
（6）句意：那些不能坐下的学生仍然可以使用自行车做练习。做练习是使用自行车的目的，因此应使用动词不定式做目的状语，故答案是to do。
（7）句意：运动自行车不仅有利于学生们的健康，而且能够帮助学生们提高他们的学习效率。in为介词，介词后的动词使用动名词，故答案是improving。
（8）句意：他们可以通过骑一会自行车来放松。骑自行车是他们放松的方式，一般使用
by来引出方式状语，故答案是by。
（9）句意：老师发现那些参加了该项目的学生在阅读考试的时候做的更好。本句为定语从句，先行词students属于人，而且在从句中做主语，因此关系代词可以使用who或者that，故答案是 who/that 。
（10）句意：多么令人惊奇啊！根据标点符号可知该句为感叹句，强调的是形容词amazing，因此应使用how，故答案是How。
【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用，需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。
3．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式（每空不多于3个单词）。
One day, a student asked his teacher, \is greed(贪婪)?\The teacher didn't answer his question ________(direct), but asked the student to walk through the chocolate factory next to their school and pick out the ________(big) chocolate bar(条；块) he could find. But there was a rule: ________ he passed through the factory, he could not turn back.
The student went to the chocolate factory. As he walked, he saw a large chocolate bar. He liked it, but thought he might be able to find an even bigger one if he kept going.
He kept ________(walk) and saw another chocolate bar. This one was a little bigger. But again, he thought he could find an even bigger one if he kept going. As he neared the end of the factory, he saw ________(few) chocolate bars, and none of them were as large as the earlier ones. He started ________(regret) his decision to keep going. Finally he gave ________. He went back to his teacher empty-handed and ________(explain) what had happened.
The teacher told him, \bigger one. And later, you realized ________ you had given up the best chocolate bar because you thought you could do better. That is called greed.\
【答案】 directly；biggest；as；walking；fewer；to regret；up；explained；first；that 【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是一个学生问老师什么是贪婪，老师没有直接回答他的问题，而是去学校隔壁的巧克力工厂找最大的巧克力棒。通过亲身经历理解什么是贪婪。
（1）句意：老师没有直接回答他的问题，副词修饰动词，direct直接的，形容词，directly，直接地，副词，故答案为：directly。
（2）句意：但是他让这个靴子步行穿过学校隔壁的巧克力工厂并且挑出他能找到的最大的巧克力棒。根据 chocolate bar(条；块) he could find 可知层次用形容词的最高级，故答案为：biggest。
（3）句意：但是有一个规则：当他走过工厂时他不能返回。as，当……时候，表示主句动作和从句的动作同时进行，故答案为：as。
（4）句意：他不断向前走并且看到另一个巧克力棒。keep doing sth.不断做某事，故答案为：walking。
（5）句意：当他靠近工厂尽头时，他几乎没看到几个巧克力帮，并且没有一个比以前的大。根据 and none of them were as large as the earlier ones.可知越走看到的巧克力棒越
少。可知此处用比较级结构，故答案为：fewer。
（6）句意：他开始后悔自己继续向前走的决定。start to do sth.开始做某事，故答案为：to regret。
（7）句意：最后他放弃了。根据He went back to his teacher empty-handed，可知他放弃了没有再找。give up，放弃，固定短语，故答案为：up。
（8）句意：他空着手回到老师跟前并且解释所发生的一切。此处是并且谓语，谓语动词结构一致，可知此处动词用过去式，故答案为：explained。
（9）句意：你喜欢第一个巧克力棒，但是你继续寻找更大的。定冠词the后用序数词修饰名词，one的序数词first，故答案为：first。
（10）句意：后来，你意识到你放弃了最好的巧克力棒因为你认为你能做得更好。此处是宾语从句，从句是陈述结构，用that引导，故答案为：that。
【点评】此题考查语法填空。我们先阅读短文，理解短文大意。然后仔细阅读每个句子。根据英语语法知识用所给词的正确形式填空，或在空格处填上正确的词。
4．阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。 Have you ever been cycling(骑自行车运动)? This spring my elder brother and I ________(spend) a long weekend cycling in the countryside. We rode ________ (slow) along because we hadn't come to break any speed records, or to do sports. We just wanted ________(get) some fresh air and a break from schoolwork. We really had a great time ________(ride) along country roads. And there was one of the best things about our trip that made us happy: every few ________(kilometer) there was a village where we could find everything we needed.
All the local people were really friendly. However, on the ________(two) day, something happened. We were going down the hill when my brakes(剎车)started making a ________ (noisy), but I didn't mind at all. At midnight we were woken by the noise in the hotel. We were tired when we set off the next morning, but soon felt ________(cheer) when the sun came out. What we enjoyed ________ (our) most about cycling is—it's simple and fun. I think nothing is ________ (good) than cycling if you're looking for a break that is active and cheap. Why not have a try?
【答案】 spent；slowly；to get；riding；kilometers；second；noise；cheerful；ourselves；better
【解析】【分析】主要讲了今年春天作者和哥哥花费周末在乡村骑自行车。
（1）句意：今年春天我的哥哥和我花费周末在乡村骑自行车。时态是一般过去时，所以用spend的过去式spent，故填spent。
（2）句意：我们慢慢地骑。副词修饰实义动词，rode是实义动词，所以用形容词slow的副词slowly，故填slowly。
（3）句意：我们仅仅想得到一些新鲜的空气。want to do sth.想要做某事，故填to get。 （4）句意：我们真地沿着乡村公路玩得高兴。have a great time doing sth.做某事玩得高兴，所以用ride的ing，即riding，故填riding。
（5）句意：每几千米有我们可以发现我们需要的一切东西的乡村。few后面用可数名词复
数，kilometer的复数是kilometers，故填kilometers。
（6）句意：在第二天，一些事情发生了。the+序数词，two的序数词是second，故填second。
（7）句意：当我的刹车制造噪音时我们正在下山。a后面用名词，所以用noisy的名词noise，故填noise。
（8）句意：但是当太阳出来时我们很快感到高兴。felt是系动词，后面用形容词，cheer的形容词是cheerful，故填cheerful。
（9）句意：我们关于骑自行车玩得高兴的是——它是简单有趣的。enjoy oneself，玩得高兴，所以用our的反身代词ourselves，故填ourselves。
（10）句意：我认为没有什么比骑自行车更好。than是比较级，所以用good的比较级better，故填better。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
5．阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Dear readers,
Once, I had to call the firefighters to put out a fire. I still remember how fast it made my heart beat, ________it was a small fire. I was glad and thankful when the firefighters put it out________(quick).
Firefighters help in all kinds of sudden serious and________(danger) events or situations. I saw firefighters carrying people from their flooded homes while________(watch) the news today. Often, they are the first helpers when________accident happens. Some firefighters train to help people and pets that fall into frozen lakes. To prepare for real-life rescue like this one, they must practice putting________ice suits, working with ropes, and using hand signals to communicate. If you want to learn more about these________(/bre?v/) men and women, read the article Danger! Rescue on Thin Ice.
Where would we be without the first helpers? Maybe you'll ________(/dЗэ?un/) me this month in finding a way to thank them. Giving a card, a drawing, or a plate of cookies to your local fire________(/'ste??n/) could be the start of a new tradition for your families and our________(hero)will be thankful for it. Happy holidays!
Your friend, Christine
中考英语试卷分类汇编英语 语法填空(及答案)
