高中英语阅读理解专题训练
（第2套）
第一节：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A (words:311&225)
The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals.
Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment. Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community.
As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals—many of which were built in the nineteenth century — provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours.
During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs 一切为了学生的发展 一切为了家长的心愿
would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from. 41. We can know from the first paragraph that ______________.
A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody B. people didn’t have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up C. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948 D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers 42. What do we know about the NHS?
A. It’s managed by the central government.
B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions. C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe.
D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care. 43. All the following statements about GPs are true except that they ____________.
A. take care of the local people’s health
B. often take part in competitions to see who is the best C. work under high pressure nowadays D. have more responsibilities than before
44. What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean?
A. suffering
B. different
C. prevented
D. free
45. The biggest problem for the NHS is ______________.
A. many hospitals are too old to be used B. some services are in the charge of individuals C. more and more patients go to GPs for treatment D. there is not enough money for further reform 【答案与解析】 41—45 CCBDD
国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责，但由地方当局管理。建立国家保健中心的最初目的 是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，尤其儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。
41. C。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段最后一句可知，建立国家保健中心的最初目的是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，而不是针对所有的人，所以前两项错误。 一切为了学生的发展 一切为了家长的心愿
42. C。细节理解题。根据第4自然段“The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe…”可知。从第二自然段第一句可以看出国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责，但由地方当局管理，所以A项错误。
43. B。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段话“and encouraging GPs to compete for patients”可知政府鼓励全科医生之间相互竞争，而不是让他们进行竞赛，看谁的医术高明。
44. D。猜测词义题。前面提到医生开药方及给病人治疗牙病需要收费，再结合but一词可推断儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。
45. D。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段最后一句可知。
B（words:281&217）
So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that“ reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity. It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny. If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable ,what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest（探索）for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children. ”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading. 一切为了学生的发展 一切为了家长的心愿
46．The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that _______________.
A. it is one of the most difficult school courses B. students spend endless hours in reading C. reading tasks are assigned with little guidance D. too much time is spent in teaching about reading
47．The teaching of reading will be successful if _______________. A. teachers can improve conditions at school for the students B. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading C. teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading D. teachers can make their teaching activities observable
48．The underlined word“ scrutiny” most probably means“______________”. A. inquiry B. observation C. control D. suspicion
49．According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ______________.
A. children become highly motivated
B. teacher and learner roles are interchangeable C. teaching helps children in the search for knowledge D. reading enriches children’s experience
50．The main idea of the passage is that ______________.
A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read B. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible C. reading ability is something acquired rather than taught D. reading is more complicated that generally believed 【答案与解析】 46—50 DBBAC
本文是一篇议论文，在对传统的阅读教学方式进行批判的同时，论述了作者自己阅读的教学观：阅读的教与学是两个完全不同的过程。教学的任务是为学生能够找出自己最有效的自学阅读的方法创造条件和氛围。学生的阅读能力并不是通过教师教就能掌握的；教师应做 一切为了学生的发展 一切为了家长的心愿
的是给学生创造一个好的环境和条件，激发学生阅读的渴望，培养出良好的阅读习惯、方法。只有这样，学生才能掌握阅读技能，提高阅读水平。
46．D。推理判断题。依据文章第一自然段第3行“It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading..”（教学生如何阅读当然不是带着学生花费大量的时间去一点一点地读）。可以看出，作者认为现在教阅读的时间太多了，这当然是因为教而不教法。所以选项D正确。
47．B。细节理解题。依据文章第二自然段第2行开始的句子：“The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read”（教学的任务是为学生能够找出自己最有效的自学阅读的方法创造条件和氛围），B项符合上述意思，为正确答案。
48．B。意义猜测题。该题为猜测词义。inquiry“询问”。observation“观察”。control“控制”。suspicion“怀疑”。该词出现在第三自然段最后一句“process is not open to public scrutiny”，考生可从该句的上文作出推测。最明显的提示出现在第二自然段最后一句“Teaching is also a public activity；it can be seen and observed”所以，scrutiny最可能的词义应该是observation，故B项正确。
49．A。细节理解题。依据文章第四自然段、第五自然段所提供的信息，特别是第5段第3行“Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading”（当教师们创造了一种环境，使孩子们有机会自己通过阅读解决所遇到的问题时，学习阅读就变得容易多了），可以看出A项与之最为相近。
50．C。主旨大意题。依据文章第一自然段第4行“reading cannot be taught directly and…”说明学生的阅读能力并不是通过教师教就能掌握的。教师应做的是给学生创造一个好的环境和条件，激发学生阅读的渴望，培养出良好的阅读习惯、方法。只有这样，学生才能掌握阅读技能，提高阅读水平。所以选项C正确。其他选项与文章讨论的范围不符。
C（words:348&282）
TAIBEI－Increasing numbers of Taiwanese students are joining the island’s “China rush”, seeking education on the Chinese mainland．
According to official Chinese figures, the number of Taiwanese students admitted into college and postgraduate（研究生）programs on the mainland totaled 461 in 1996, 928 in 1997 一切为了学生的发展 一切为了家长的心愿
高中英语阅读理解专题训练
