第03天
that和if/whether引导的宾语从句
重要程度:★★★★☆ 难易程度:★★★★☆
(2017·天津)She asked me ___________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. A. when what
【参考答案】C
B. where
C. whether
D.
【名师点睛】本题是对宾语从句中连词的考查。对于宾语从句的连词的选择,首先确定连词的词义,
然后根据句意判断出正确的连词,本句的句意很明显,确定为"是否"。 【拓展延伸】
在复合句中,如果由一个句子充当宾语,这个句子叫作宾语从句。引导宾语从句的常见关联词有that, if/whether, what, who, where, why和how等,本单元主要学习that和if/whether引导的宾语从句。 一、that引导的宾语从句 1. 关联词
当宾语从句是陈述句时,用that引导,that在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 2. 时态
(1)如果主句为一般现在时,从句可选择任意适当的时态。 (2)如果主句是一般过去时,从句一般要用过去的某种时态。
(3)当宾语从句是表达客观事实或自然规律的句子时,即主句使用过去时态,宾语从句仍用一般现在时态。 二、if/whether引导的宾语从句
当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时,常用if或whether引导宾语从句,if/whether意为"是否"。一般情况下,if和whether可互换,在口语中多用if,而在以下几种情况下,只能用whether: 1. 当or not直接跟在关联词后时,只能用whether。. 2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。 3. 在介词后通常用whether。 【易错提醒】
关联词that在下列情况下不可省略: (1)当宾语从句的主语是that时。 (2)当宾语从句前有插入语时。
(3)当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时。
1. —Could you tell me ? —At the end of July.
A. how often he heard from his pen pal C. that he went on vacation vacation
B. how soon he will be here D. when you will start your
2. May I ask you __________?
A. if or not there is a toilet near here B. whether is there a school around here C. that there is a hospital in the neighborhood D. whether we should hand in the homework at once
3. —The match is so exciting. The opposite team is really strong. —You’re right. But I am sure __________ our team will win! A. if
B. that
C. whether
D. why
4. —What about going to the South Lake for a picnic next weekend? —OK. But I’m not sure ___________ it will rain. A. why
B. where
C. when
D. whether
5. —I saw David in the teachers’ office this morning. Do you know ___________ he was there? —He went there to hand in his homework. A. how why
6. —How long does it take to get to the airport?
—Forty minutes. But it’s foggy today. I’m not sure ___________ the highway will be closed soon. Let’s set off earlier. A. whether why
7. —Could you please tell me___________? —Yes. There is one on Center Street. A. where can I buy some stamps vacation
C. when was the telephone invented restaurants around here
8. —What did your granddaughter say just now? —She wondered ___________. A. what time was it
B. whether the book was written by Mark Twain
D. if there are any good
B. when you will take your
B. when
C. how
D.
B. whether
C. when
D.
C. how could she use the MP4 D. when she will have a final test
9. Do not give in to any failure, for you can never tell close you may be to success. A. how where
B. that
C. which
D.
1. D 【解析】考查宾语从句。由答语At the end of July. 可知是询问时间,故选D。
3. B 【解析】句意:——这场比赛是如此得激动人心。对手真的很强。——你说得对。但我相信我
们的球队会赢的!if是否,引导由一般疑问句变来的宾语从句;that引导由陈述句变来的宾语从句;whether是否,引导由一般疑问句变来的宾语从句;why引导由特殊疑问句变来的宾语从句。结合语境可知该选B。
4. D 【解析】本题考查宾语从句的引导词。根据语境可知,此处表示"但是我不确定是否会下雨",
故用whether引导。故本题选D。
5. D 【解析】联系选项并分析句子结构可知,空格所在句为含有宾语从句的主从复合句。由上句句
意"今天早上我看见戴维在老师的办公室里"可排除C项。再由答语句意"他去那儿交他的家庭作业了"可推知,此处询问他在办公室的原因,故用why引导宾语从句。故选D。 6. A 【解析】本题考查宾语从句的连接词的用法。由答句中"但是今天有雾"可知"我不能肯定高
速公路是否不久后会被关闭"。whether是否;when何时;how如何;why为什么。根据句意应选A。
【巧学妙记】宾语从句的用法: 宾语从句引导词,不同句子各相异。
陈述句子用that,一般疑问"是否(if/whether)"替。 主句若为现在时,从句时态可随意。 主句若为过去时,从句时态多过去。 句子语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。
7. D 【解析】考查宾语从句。在主从复合句中,宾语从句必须是陈述语序,故排除A、C两项。B
项表示"你何时去度假";D项表示"这附近是否有好的饭店"。根据答语句意"是的,在中心大街上有一家"判断答案选D。
9. A 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:不要屈服于任何失败,因为你绝不会知道你离成功有多近。动
词tell后跟宾语从句,且宾语从句由感叹句转换而来,修饰形容词close用how,故选A。