搞定虚拟语气大总结
虚拟语气包含两种：
① 一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类；even if / even though / as if / as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类；wish / would / rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。
② 另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。如和suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。
1.虚拟条件句
①现在
If I had time,I would go to shanxi to see the 11th National Games. 如果我有时间，我就会去陕西看第十四届全运会。 从句谓语形式：动 词 的 过 去 式 (be 用 were) 口诀：主过从过 ②过去
If it had not rained so heavily yesterday,we would have watch Mulan. 昨天如果没下大雨的话，我们就看了《花木兰》了。
从句谓语形式：had + 过去分词 口诀：主过完从过完
③将来
If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow,we would change our plan. 如果明天下雨了，我们就更改计划。
从句谓语形式：动 词 的 过 去 式 /should + 动词原形 / were to+ 动词原形
口诀：主过将从should / were to
注意：虚拟语气的世界里没有 was ④错综时间条件句
If I had followed the father's advice,I would be quite all right now.
如果我当时听爸爸的话，我现在就会好了。（从句说过去，主句说明现在，从句和主 句的形式与各自时态的条件句一致）
2.命令类
I suggested that she（should）visit her parents. 我建议她应该看看她的父母。
表达和建议、要求、命令、主张等含义相关的名词性从句，一律用主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）结构。具体涉及到这些动词以及它们的名词形式： 一坚持：insist（表要求时才用虚拟语气） 二命令：order, command
三要求：require, request, demand
四建议：suggest, advise, propose, recommend
3.虚拟语气用在状语从句中的应用
①as if / as though 仿佛/好像 从句谓语使用虚拟语气，降时态 He talks as if he knew all about it.
他说起来好像知道这件事的全部一样。
②It's high/about time that+定语从句 从句谓语使用过去式或者should+原形 It's high time that we discussed/should discuss who to do it.
我们是时候去讨论一下谁来做这件事了。
③even if / even though 尽管 从句谓语使用虚拟语气，降时态 Even though she had been here very soon,she would not catch the plane. 尽管她很快就到这儿，她也赶不上飞机。
4. wish /if only 如果...就好了
If only I were an adult.如果我是成年人就好了。 I wish she could love me. 如果她爱我就好了。
5.should / would like to have done,was/were to have done,was/were supposed to have done,had better have done,would/had rather have done等结构表示“本想、本该做而未做成”。
I would like to have gone with you,but I have no time. 我本来想和你一起走，但没有时间。
例题：
1.【2015·江苏】It might have saved me some trouble ______ the schedule. A. did I know B. have I known C. do I know D. had I known 【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能会省去我一些麻烦。根据题干中might have saved可知主句是对过去的虚拟，从句应用if I had known与主句保持一致。if虚拟条件句中含有had时，可将if省去，同时将had提前构成倒装结构。故选D项。虚拟语气重要做题原则：根据题干中主句或从句中动词形式判断所考查的动词的虚拟时间， 一般要保持一致，但要注意错综时间虚拟语气要根据各自所表示的虚拟时间做出调整。另外，当 if 条件句中含有助动词 had,should 或 were 时， 可以省略 if，而将 had, should 或 were提到句首，从而构成倒装虚拟条件句。
2.【2018·江苏】There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved.
A. had B. will have C. would have had D. have had 【答案】A 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活，并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句用一般过去时。故选A。
3.【2018·北京】They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers. A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven 【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知，该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if ____ a few more kilometers是条件句部分，表示对过去的虚拟，条件句部分要用过去完成时态，故D选项正确。
4.【2018·天津】If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach A. had caught B. caught C. have caught D. would catch 【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话，现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语yesterday可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用had+v-ed。故选A。
5.【2017·北京卷】34. If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put 【答案】A
【解析】主句是对过去的虚拟。
6.【2015·陕西】Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I as well as her.
A. dance B. will dance C. had danced D. danced 【答案】C
【解析】试题分析：句意：Ellen是一个很棒的舞蹈演员。但愿我能和她跳得一样好。I wish“但愿”后面接宾语从句用虚拟语气，和现在相反用一般过去时，所以选C。
7.【2014·重庆卷】It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _______ it? A. had done B. have done C. did D. am doing 【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：题意：John打坏了窗户，为什么跟“我”谈话？好像是“我”打坏了窗户似的。题中broke表明“打坏窗户”发生在“过去”。as if/though后面的从句用had done表示对“过去”的虚拟。故A项正确。 8.【2014·福建卷】 no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world. A. Were there B. Had there been C .If there are D. If there have been 【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：对现在情况的虚拟，条件句中用一般过去时，主句用 would / should / might / could +动词原形。虚拟条件句中有had / should / were时，可以将if去掉，然后把had / should / were提到主语前面。所以选A。句意：如果没有现代的通信，我们将会等上几周的时间才能得到来自世界的新闻。
9.【2014·湖南卷】If Mr. Dewey _____ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there. A. were B. had been C. should be D. was 【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：考查虚拟语气用法。本题考查的是if条件从句与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故从句用had +v-ed，主句用would/could/should/might+v-ed。句意：如果Dewey先生在场的话，他会提供那里人们的任何可能的帮助。故B正确。
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Progress is the activity of today and the assurance of tomorrow. —Emerson
进步乃今日之努力，明日之保证。
搞定虚拟语气用法大总结
