2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修一讲义：Module+6.Section+Ⅱ Grammar——合成词和冠
词及答案
Section Ⅱ Grammar——合成词和冠词
一、合成词
把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，这种构词法叫做合成构词法。合成词有合成名词、合成形容词、合成副词、合成代词、合成动词等几种。
1．常用合成名词的构成类型
(1)名词＋名词 armchair classroom bedroom (2)形容词＋名词 blackboard deadline (3)动词＋名词 playground postcard
(4)动名词＋名词 swimming pool waiting room washing machine
(5)名词＋动名词 handwriting (6)动词＋副词 take-off warm-up
2．常见合成形容词的构成类型 (1)名词＋过去分词 water-covered 被水覆盖的； man-made
人造的
(2)名词＋现在分词 peace-loving 爱好和平的；
English-speaking 讲英语的 (3)形容词＋名词 part-time 兼职的； first-class 一流的
(4)形容词＋动名词 good-looking 好看的；easy-going 随和
的
(5)形容词＋名词＋-ed kind-hearted 热心的； blue-eyed 蓝
眼睛的
(6)基数词＋名词＋形容词 an 80-metre-long rope 一条80
米长的绳子
注意：合成形容词中若含有名词。名词只能用单数。 3．常见合成副词
however 但是； anywhere 任何地方； downstairs 在楼下； maybe 可能； anyway 无论如何
4．常见合成代词 anybody 任何人； something 某事；nobody 没有人； himself 他自己； nothing 没有东西
注意：合成代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
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2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修一讲义：Module+6.Section+Ⅱ Grammar——合成词和冠
词及答案
Someone is waiting for you. 有人正在等你。 二、冠词
定冠词的用法
1．特指双方都明白的人或物。Take the medicine. 把药吃了。 Put the box on the table. 把盒子放在桌上。 2．上文提到过的。
He bought a house. I've been to the house.他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子了。
3．独一无二的。 The earth turns around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
4．方位名词、序数词、最高级前。
The sun is rising in the east.太阳正从东方升起。 He is the first student to come to school. 他是第一个来到学校的学生。
She is the most beautiful girl in our class. 她是我们班最漂亮的女孩。
5．西洋乐器前。 I can play the piano. 我会弹钢琴。 6．用在表示身体部位的名词前。She caught me by the arm. 她抓住了我的手臂。
7．姓氏的复数前，表一家人。We called in on the Smiths. 我们顺便拜访了史密斯一家。
8．河、海、洋、岛、山、海峡等前。The Pacific Ocean is the biggest ocean in the world. 太平洋是世界上最大的海洋。
9．形容词前，表一类人。The poor have no money but they have a lot of friends. 穷人们没钱，但他们有很多朋友。
10．固定搭配。in the day in the morning the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday the next morning in the sky in the dark in the rain in the distance in the middle (of) in the end on the whole by the way.
[考情分析]
在英语中，合成法是构成词的三种主要方式(合成、转化和派生)之一，对合成法的考查经常出现在阅读理解、完形填空等
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2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修一讲义：Module+6.Section+Ⅱ Grammar——合成词和冠
词及答案
题型中，掌握了构词法对扩大词汇量有很大帮助。
冠词是高考英语的考查重点之一，考题常见于语法填空、短文改错等题型中。
[轻巧记忆] 定冠词使用口诀： 世界独一二次现， 序语形容高级前。 富人伤员按天算， 方位乐器影剧院。 群岛河山江湖海。 沙漠海峡与海湾。 阶级党派国家名， 普专复合姓氏前。 组织团体和机关， 朝代、会议及报刊。 双知年代击中脸， 特指事物及习惯。
[即时训练]
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示用合成词填空 1．Although it is a one-eyed(独眼的，一只眼的) dog
the little boy likes it very much.
2．Our English teacher is a warm-hearted(热情的，热心肠的)
honest and strict man.
3．Jack is a ten-year-old(十岁的) boy.
Ⅱ.用正确的冠词填空
1．After / lunch we went for a walk by the sea. 2．The steam-engine was invented before the internal
combustion engine(内燃机)．
3．The bat(蝙蝠) they say judges distances by a kind of echolocation(回声定位)．
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2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修一讲义：Module+6.Section+Ⅱ Grammar——合成词和冠
词及答案
4．He goes to / church every Sunday; the church he usually goes to has / seats for over 800 people.
5．This is the most useful reference book I have on this subject. 6．We have a good market in the town where we buy our / fruit and / vegetables. 7．The prison in this town is a grim-looking building.
8．The youngest boy has just started going to / school; The eldest boy is at / college.
9．/ child as he is he knows a lot. 10．He was elected / monitor in our class. 4 / 8
2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修一讲义：Module+6.Section+Ⅱ Grammar——合成词和冠
词及答案
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．这不是我们要找的车。
It is not the_car we are looking for. 2．我从新华书店买了一本书。这本书值十五元。
I bought a book from Xinhua Bookstore. The_book cost 15 yuan.
3．我能看到天空中有一只小鸟。 I can see a bird in_the_sky. 4．狗不太危险。
The_dog is not too dangerous. 5．他们两个人中，他更高。 He is the_taller of the two. 6．他会弹钢琴。 He can play the_piano. 7．格林一家正在中国旅游。 The_Greens are on a trip in China. 8．他们是教师。 They are teachers. 9．我们从星期一到星期五都上学。 We go to school from Monday to Friday. 10．露西去学校找她妈妈了。
Lucy went to the_school to look for her mother. Ⅳ.单句填空
1．Besides shopping at this time of the year was not a pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or pushed you with their elbows(肘部) hurrying ahead to get a bargain.
2．There is a constant beat in rap songs. The beat accounts for the popularity of rap music in clubs.
3．Last weekend I was travelling home from Bangalore. There was a distinct lack of buses so I thought I would escape the crowd and go for refreshment. I decided to go to a hotel near the bus stand.
4．The International Red Cross exists to help the victims of conflicts and disasters regardless of their nationality. The symbol of the organization was originally just the red cross.
5．There are lots of experiences in our lives. The most unforgettable one for me is the speech competition which was held last year.
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2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修一讲义：Module+6.Section+Ⅱ Grammar—
