新视野大学英语第三版读写教程book3课后翻译英汉互译

----

NNCE Book3 课后翻译参考答案

Unit1

英译中原文： Global citizen is someone who identifies with being part of an emerging

world community and whose actions contribute

to building this community's

values and

practices. Global citizenship believes that humankind is essentially on and each individual has the power to change things. In our interdependent world, global citizenship encourages us to recognize our responsibilities toward each other Today,

the forces of global

and learn from each other. Global

citizens care about education, disease, poverty, and environmental issues around the world.

engagement are helping some people identify themselves as

a world community. This

growing global

global citizens who have a sense of belonging to

identity in large part is made possible by the forces of modern information, communications

and transportation technologies. Global citizenship aims to empower people to lead their own action. Along with the knowledge and values that they have gained from learning about global issues, people need to be equipped with the necessary skills to give themselves the ability and confidence to be pro-active in making a positive difference in the world.

Keys：世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子，而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体，任何个人都有改变事物的能力。在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中，世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任，并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。在当今，全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识，让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲，要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量，让他们付诸行动，世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观，还要拥有必需的技能，使他们拥有能力和自信，积极推动世界的发展。

汉译英原文：如今，很多年轻人不再选择 \稳定 \的工作，他们更愿意自主创业， 依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。青年创业（ young entrepreneurship）是 未来国家经济活力的来源，创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改 善大家的生活，从长远来看，对于国家更是一件好事，创业者正是让中国经济 升级换代的力量。尤其是在当前，国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新，在政策上给 予中小企业支持，这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。 Keys：Nowadays, many young people no longer choose \ jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people's life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China's economy. Especially

for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people's enthusiasm to start their own businesses.

-- ----

Unit 2

英译中原文： The American Dream is a national ethos( 精神特质 )of the United States. The term is used in many ways, but it essentially is an idea that suggests that anyone in the US can succeed through hard work and has the potential to lead a happy, successful life. Many people have expanded upon or refined the definition to include things such as freedom, fulfillment and meaningful relationships. The idea of an American Dream is older than the US, dating back to the 1600s, when people began to have all sorts of hopes and aspirations for what was a new and largely unexplored continent to European immigrants. And the meaning of the Dream has changed over the course of history, including both personal

components and a global vision. But not everybody thinks the American Dream is a positive thing. Some people believe that the structure of society in the US prevents such an idealistic goal for everyone. Critics often point to examples of inequality rooted in class, race, religion and ethnicity that suggest that the American Dream is not attainable for everyone.

Keys：美国梦是美利坚合众国的民族精神。该词有各种各样的用法，但其根本含义是，在美国任何人都可以通过努力获得成功，都有可能过上幸福而成功的生活口许多人对美国梦的概念加以拓展和提炼，涵盖了像自由，自我实现和深厚的人际关系等方面的内容。美国梦的思想比美国本身更为久远，可以追溯到

17 世纪，当时的欧洲移民面对这一新发现的、未经开发的广裹大陆，开始纷纷怀揣希望，追逐梦想。随着历史的发展，美国梦的含义也已改变，既包含了个人元素，也包含了全局视野。但并不是每个人都对美国梦持肯定态度。一些人认为美国的社会结构决定了不是每个人都能拥有这样的理想目标。批评者常常举以实例，揭露植根于阶级、种族、宗教和民族的不平等现象，指出美国梦并非每个人都可企及。

汉译英原文： 实现中华民族伟大复兴（ rejuvenation ）是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，我们称之为“中国梦”，其基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、 人民幸福。中国梦，是让每一个积极进取的中国人形成世世代代的信念：只要经过不懈的奋斗便能获得更好的生活。人们必须通过自己的勤奋、勇气、创意和决心迈向繁荣，而不是依赖于社会和他人的援助。每个中国人都是中国梦的参与者和创造者。中国梦是民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。

Keys： Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modem times. It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese.

-- ----

Unit 3

英译中原文： Leonardo da Vinci, one of the greatest minds of the Italian Renaissance, is

perhaps the most diversely talented person ever to have lived. A painter, sculptor, architect, mathematician, engineer, and inventor, he is famous for a wide range of accomplishments. His natural genius, which crossed multiple disciplines, won him the title of\Leonardo is renowned primarily as a painter.Among his works, the Mona Lisa is the best known and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time. What

make Leonardo's drawings unique are mainly his innovative techniques and acute scientific

mind. Perhaps only 15 of his paintings have survived, partly because his constant experimentation

with new techniques made his total

output quite small. Although not a

prolific( 多产的 )painter, Leonardo was a most productive draftsman, keeping journals full of

sketches, drawings, and diagrams. These notebooks, often referred to as da Vinci's manuscripts, recorded his inventions, observations, and theories about everything that captured his attention. Leonard's genius made him a pioneer in almost every field of study he undertook. His paintings, together with his notebooks, have contributed significantly to the history of art.

Keys： 莱奥纳多·达·芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期最伟大的思想家之一，也许也是迄

今最多才多艺的人。他是画家、雕刻家、建筑家、数学家、工程师和发明家，因成就广 泛而闻名。他的天赋跨越多个领域，为其赢得了“文艺复兴大师的称号”。莱奥纳多主 要作为画家而著名。在其所有作品中，

《蒙娜丽莎》最为有名，而《最后的晚餐》则是

历来复制最多的宗教画作。 莱奥纳多作品的独特之处主要在于其创新性的技巧和敏锐的 科学思维。 他的画作大约只有 15幅流传了下来， 其部分原因是他不断试验新的技巧， 所以作品总量很小。 莱奥纳多虽然不是多产画家， 却是一位最高产的绘图家， 他在日记中 画满了各种草图、图画和图表。这此笔记通常被称为达 .芬奇手稿，记录了他的各种发明、观察，以及他对自己感兴趣的事物提出的理论。 莱奥纳多的天赋使他几乎在涉足的每一领域都成了先驱。他的画作，连同他的笔记，在艺术史上贡献斐然。

汉译英原文： 水墨画（ ink and wash painting ）是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，

是中国国画的代表。它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历史，其间经历了不断的发展、 提高和完善。 水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的毛笔、宣纸和墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。例如，水和墨相互调和，使作品具有干

湿浓淡的层次。 水墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意象， 从而达到独特的审美效果。水墨画在中国绘画史上具有很高的地位， 甚至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标准。

Keys： Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of

Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and

Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development,

improvement and perfection. The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, i.e,

brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings. For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different wetness, thickness and thinness. The integration

and infiltration

shades of dryness,

of water, ink, and rice paper

enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects. Ink and wash painting holds a high status in the history of Chinese painting, and it is even regarded as the criterion to evaluate the artistic level of Oriental paintings.

-- ----

Unit 4

英译中原文： Venice is the world's famous island city in northern Italy. Founded in the

5th century, Venice became a major maritime power in the 10th century. In the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, Venice was a major

center for commerce and trade, and

became an extremely wealthy European city, a leader in political and economic affairs. After several hundred years in power, Venice began to decline in the 15th century. Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the world's most beautiful cities and one of the most important tourist destinations in the world. Venice has a rich and diverse architectural

style, the most famous of which is the Gothic style. Venice is also known for several important artistic movements in history, especially the Renaissance period. The influence of Venice on the development of architecture and arts has been considerable.

Today, it is still playing an important role in contemporary arts and popular cultures. In 1987, Venice was listed as a World Heritage Site. In March 1980, Venice became a sister city of China's Suzhou City.

Keys： 威尼斯是意大利北部一座世界闻名的岛城。威尼斯建立于公元

5 世纪，在公元

10 世纪时成为一支重要的海上力量。在中世纪和文艺复兴时期，威尼斯曾是重要的商 贸中心，是当时欧洲极为富裕的城市， 在政治和经济事务中居领导地位。 几百年的兴盛之后，威尼斯在 15 世纪开始衰落。如今，威尼斯被公认为是全世界最美的城市之一， 也是全世界最重要的旅游胜地之一。 威尼斯的建筑风格丰富多样， 其中最出名的是哥特 式风格。威尼斯还因历史上的几次重要的艺术运动而闻名， 特别是文艺复兴时期。 威尼斯对建筑和艺术的发展影响巨大。 至今，威尼斯仍对现代艺术和流行文化的发展起着重 要作用。 1987 年，威尼斯被列入《世界遗产名录》。 1980 年 3 月，威尼斯与中国苏州结为“友好城市”。

汉译英原文： 丽江地处云南省西北部，境内多山。丽江古城坐落在玉龙雪山脚下，是一座风景秀丽的历史文化名城，也是我国保存完好的少数民族古城之一。丽江古城始建于南宋，距今约有 800 年的历史。丽江不仅历史悠久，而且民族众多，少数民族人口占全区人口的半数以上。随着丽江旅游业的发展，到丽江

古城观光游览的中外游客日益增多。 1997 年 12 月，丽江古城申报世界文化遗产 获得成功，填补了中国在世界文化遗产中无历史文化名城的空白。 Keys： Lijiang is a mountainous city in northwest Yunnan Province. The old town

of Lijiang, located at the foot of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, is a town of scenic beauty and known for its history and culture. It with features

of ethnic

minorities.

’-preservedalsoawellold town

work of the old town was

The construction

started from the Southern Song Dynasty about 800 years from now. Not only does Lijiang boast a long history, but also it boasts many ethnic minorities who make up over a half of the total population in the region. With the booming of Lijiang tourism, the

old town

of Lijiang is receiving a growing

number

of tourists

home and abroad. In December 1997, the old

from

town succeeded in applying to be

named a World Cultural Heritage Site, filling the gap of lacking a noted historical and cultural city in China on the World Cultural Heritage List.

-- ----

Unit 5

英译中原文： The English ceremony of afternoon tea dates back to the 1840s. The tradition

evolved out of the rituals and routines that surrounded tea drinking in Britain before that time. Tea was first introduced to England in the late 1650s, but for a long time, it was only consumed by the royal family and the aristocracy due to its high cost. The habit of having afternoon tea did not become established until around 8 o'clock in creating the tradition

almost

British ate only two daily meals:a large breakfast late

of

in the morning

200 years later. In those days, the

and a late dinner

for

the evening. Anna, the 7th Duchess of Bedford, can be credited

afternoon tea to soothe hunger

afternoon

pangs before supper. She invited

瓷器 )was used

friends to join her for an additional meal at four to five o'clock. The menu

included tea and snacks such as dainty cakes and sandwiches. Fine porcelain(

to serve this minor feast. Afternoon tea soon became popular, and is now a symbol of the elegant British way of life. As novelist Henry James wrote, \ agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea.

Keys：英式下午茶的仪式可以迫溯到

习惯发展而来的。茶最初在

19 世纪 40 年代，该传统是由之前英国的茶饮仪式和

17 世纪 50 年代晚期被引入英国，但由于价格昂贵，所以很长

200 多年之后，英国人才养成吃下午茶

一段时间里，只有皇家和贵族才能享用。直到将近

的习惯。 在当时， 英国人一日两餐 : 快接近中午时分的丰盛早餐和晚上八点左右的晚餐。 说第七代贝德福德公爵夫人安娜开创了下午茶的传统，以此来缓解晚餐前的饥饿感。她邀 请朋友和她一起在下午四五点钟吃下午茶。下午茶中包括茶和一些点心，比如精致的蛋糕 及三明治。这些小巧的美食用精美的瓷器盛装。下午茶很快就流行开来，现在已经成为优 雅英国生活方式的一个象征。正如小说家亨利詹姆斯写道的那样

据

:“人生鲜有比全心全意享

用下午茶这一仪式更惬意的时刻了。”

汉译英原文： 中国是茶的故乡，也是茶文化的发源地。自古以来，茶就被誉为中华民族

的“国饮”。无论是文人墨客生活中的“琴棋书画诗酒茶”，还是平民百姓生活中的“柴米油盐酱醋茶”，茶都是必备品。同时，中国又是文明古国，礼仪之邦。凡是来了客人或朋友，沏茶、敬茶的礼仪必不可少。随着中外文化交流和商业贸易的发展，中国茶及茶文化传向了全世界。现在五大洲有不少国家种茶，也有很多国家从中国进口茶。中国茶和中国的丝绸及瓷器一样，已经成为中国在全世界的代名词。

Keys：China is the hometown of tea and the birthplace of tea culture. Since ancient

times, tea has been known as the \ scholars' even daily necessities, namely music, chess, calligraphy, painting, poetry, wine and tea and common people's seven ones, namely firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar and tea. Tea is listed as one of the necessities. Meanwhile, China is a country with ancient civilization

and a land of courtesy.

The practice of

making With the

of

and serving tea is essential whenever there are guests or friends. development of cultural exchange, commerce and trade between China and other countries, Chinese tea and tea cultural

spread to the world.

Today, a number

countries across the five continents grow tea plants, and many countries import

tea from China. Chinese tea like Chinese silk and Chinaware, has become synonymous with China in the world.

--