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2015考研英语阅读真题：考研英语（二）第3篇
Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”.
Integrity had collapsed, she argued,
because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism” in society should be profit and the market.
But “it’s us, human beings, we the people who create the society we want, not profit”.
Driving her point home, she continued:
“It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business
could become one of the most dangerous own goals for capitalism and freedom.”
This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International, she thought,
making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.
As the hacking trial concludes—finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge—the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands.
Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people.
This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire,
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the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking.
Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.
In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place.
One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom,
how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived.
The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.
In today’s world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run.
Perhaps we should not be so surprised.
For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit.
The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value,
business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation.
Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.
The purpose of editing the News of the World under Rupert Murdoch was not to promote reader understanding,
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to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.
It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact.
Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories,
but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.
两年前，鲁伯特·默多克之女伊丽莎白曾说“太多的新闻机构有令人不安的正直缺失。”
她争辩道，
因为公众一致认为社会中唯一的“分类机制”应该是利益和市场，所以正直早已崩溃。
但“是我们人类自己创造了我们想要的社会，而不是利益”。
为了把话说得透彻，她继续说道：
“政府、新闻媒体或企业内部使命感和道德话语的缺失日益表明，
它可能会成为资本主义和自由最危险的目标之一”
她认为，与之相同的道德使命感的缺失也在伤害新闻国际集团这样的公司，
新闻国际集团更可能在出现大规模的非法电话窃听的时候迷失方向。
窃听审判裁决更为广泛的正直缺失问题却仍旧存在，《世界新闻报》前总编安迪·库尔森因密谋窃听电话而被判有罪，而受到相同指控的、他的继任者丽贝卡·布鲁克斯却被判无罪。
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据悉，当事记者窃听了5500多人的电话。
这是大规模的窃听，正如格伦·穆尔凯尔所承认的那样，
此人是2001年《世界新闻报》雇佣的员工，是此次电话窃听丑闻的焦点人物。
其他当事人在等候审判。这一丑闻仍在发酵。
从许多方面来说，道德使命感的缺失导致了这样大面积的电话窃听，而且还导致了对审判的讨论。
其中令人惊讶的发现是丽贝卡·布鲁克斯对她的新闻工作室所发生的事情知之甚少，
她很少过问、事实上她从不询问新闻故事是怎样得来的。
她自我辩护成功的关键是她对此一无所知。
当今世界，高薪资的管理者不应该为发生在其组织内的事情担责，这已属正常现象。
或许我们对此不该过于吃惊。
对于这代人来说，共同接受的信条是社会的分类机制应该是利益。
真正重要的词汇是效率、灵活性、股东价值、
利于商界运作、富裕的一代、销售量和报纸的发行量。
而边缘化的词汇是：公正、公平、宽容、均衡和责任。
在鲁伯特·默多克的领导下，编写《世界新闻报》的目的不是去促进读者的理解，
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不是在出版的新闻里体现公平，也不是揭露人性。
而是毁灭那些阻碍它追求发行量和影响的人。
布鲁克斯女士对她的记者获得新闻故事的手段可能产生过怀疑，也可能没有，
但她却不闻不问，没有下达过任何指示——也没有收到可追踪的、记录下来的回答。
重点单词
betray[bi’trei]vt. 误导，出卖，背叛，泄露vi. 证明
promote[pr?’m?ut]vt. 促进，提升，升迁; 发起; 促销
fairness[‘f??nis]n. 公平，公正
issue[‘i?ju:]n. 发行物，期刊号，争论点
illegal[i’li:g?l]adj. 不合法的，非法的
n. 非法移民联想记忆
mechanism[‘mek?niz?m]n. 机制，原理
n. 机械，机构，结构
apparent[?’p?r?nt]adj. 明显的，表面上的
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widespread[‘waidspred]adj. 分布(或散布)广的，普遍的
scale[skeil]n. 鳞，刻度，衡量，数值范围
v. 依比例决
dearth[d?:θ]n. 缺乏;饥馑;粮食不足
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2015考研英语阅读真题：考研英语（二）第3篇 - 毙考题
