被动语态复习
一 主动语态和被动语态的转换:
主：
I + learn + English
+ is learned + by me .
被：English 谓语动词带双宾时，既可将间接宾语转化为主语，也可以讲直接宾语转化为主语。若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化成主语则在间接宾语前加上介词to或for。
eg：She gave me a book. → I was given a book. → A book was given to me.
主动句中在感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice 等及使役动词let, make, have等跟省略to的不定式，变为被动句时应加上不定式符号to。 eg：He makes the girl stay at home. → The girl is made to stay at home.
Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre. → They were heard to sing Peking Opera in the theatre last Sunday. 二 被动语态的时态变化 keep+adj./n.构成系表结构，如：It looks tasty.（它看起来很美味。） 1 一般现在时：is (am , are) +过去分词 2 一般过去时：was ( were ) + 过去分词
3 一般将来时：will ( be going to ) + be + 过去分词 4 现在完成时：have (has ) + been + 过去分词 5 过去完成时：had + been + 过去分词 6 现在进行时：is (am , are) + being +过去分词 7 过去进行时：was/were + being done 8 过去将来时：would /be going to + be done
6 含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be + 过去分词 三 主动结构表被动意义 1. 系动词
smell, look, touch, feel, taste, sound, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get,
2. write, wash, read, act, cut, draw, sell, cook, drink, drive, lock等单词表示主语性能、特征时，如：The pen writes well.（这支钢笔很好写。）
3. 表示开始、结束、运动的动词begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, shut, run, move等，如：The train leaves at 10a.m.（火车早上10点出发。） 4. 少数动词print, cook, fry, hang, build, make用于进行时， 如：The fish is cooking. (鱼正在烧。)
5. “介词+名词”构成介词短语，如：under control, for sale(出售)，in print(在印刷中)，out of control(控制不了)，on trial(受审) 6. 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语
fit, have, wish, cost, agree with, arrive at/in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from(遭受), happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to, worth doing等
三 经典练习题
1) It is said that a new robot ____by him in a few days.
A) designed B) has been designed C) will be designed D) will have been designed
2) We are late. I expect the film ____by the time we get to the cinema. A) will already have started B) would already have started C) shall have already started D) has already been started 3) She will stop showing off if no notice____ of her.
A) is taken B) takes C) will be taken D) has taken 4) Diamond ____in Brazil in 1971.
A) is found B) has been found C) was found D) had been found 5)“Have you moved into the new flat?”“Not yet. The room____.”
A) has been painted B) is painted C) paints D) is being painted 6) My pictures ____until next Friday.
A) won't develop B) aren't developed C) don't develop D) won' t be developed 7) Tim ____since he lost his job three weeks ago.
A) had been unemployed B) was unemployed C) has been unemployed D) has unemployed
8) A great number of colleges and universities ____since 1949. A) has been establish B) have been established C) have established D) had been established
9) I'll have to push the car to the side of the road because we ____if we leave it here. A) would be fined B) will be fined C) will being fined D) will have been fined 10) “____two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday. Shall we go and see it together?”
A) They have been given B) I have been given C) I am given D) They have given to me 11) The subject of these lectures ____by the lecture committee.
A) is announced B) have been announced C) are announced D) has been announced
12) I found an aspirin bottle ____dropped on the floor of David's room. A) was B) had C) had been D) is 13) The goods ____when we arrived at the airport. A) were just unloading B) were just been unloading C) had just unloaded D) were just being unloaded
14) If one ____by pride, he will reject useful advice and friendly assistance.
A) overcomes B) is overcome C) has been overcome D) overcome 15) Most environment problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them ____taken in the past.
A) was not B) were not C) were not being D) had not been 16) You ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator, now ____sour. A) I smell B) it is smelt C) it smells D) it is smelling 17) After the race____, the celebration began.
A) had been won B) is won C) will be won D)has been won 18) He was here for a little while, but I don't know where she ____now. A) is B) was C) had been D) has been 19) The young teacher has ____ competent.
A) been proved to be B) proved to be C) been proved D) proved being 20) Pluto, the outermost planet of the solar system, ____photographically in March 1930. A) discovered B) was discovered C) by discovery D) when discovered 21) To get a better view of the stage, ____.
A)our seats had to be changed B) our seats were changed
C) we had to change our seats D) our seats were changed by us 22) After synthetic____, engineers had a better choice of material.
A) created B) has created C) has been created D) had been created 23) I think much attention ____your pronunciation.
A) must be paid to B) ought to be paid to C) must pay to D) should be paid to 24) Since 1970, millions of enthusiasts ____Vitamin C, which they believe can remedy the common cold.
A) have taken B) have been taken C) have been taking D) have been taking 25) I don't remember ____the chance to try this method.
A) having been given B) to have been given C)having given D) to have given 26) We could ask someone to do the work privately without it____.
A) know B) be known C) being known D) to be known 27) The construction of the laboratory ____by the end of next month.
A) must be completed B) must have been completed
C) will be completing D) will have been completing
28) They would tell how the African ____on a ship to an American port.
A) was brought B) could have been brought C) had been brought D) was to be brought
29) He does not possess a bicycle, this one he uses ____to Peter.
A) is belonged to B) belonged C) belongs D) is belonging
30) Negotiation ____again with Moscow tomorrow, a great event will be discussed then.
A) is to be opened B) is on the point of opening C) is going to open D) opens
31) The reason for all the changes being made ____to us yet.
A) has not explained B) has not been explained C) did not explained D) were not explained
32) Experiments in the photography of moving objects __ in both the United States and Europe well before 1900.
A) were conducting B)were conducted C) had been conducted D) had conducted
33) When he turned the corner, he found himself ____by a man in black.
A) tailed B) been tailed C) was tailed D) had been tailed 34) A candidate for the democratic presidential nomination ____at this moment.
A) is interviewing B) being interviewed C) is being interviewed D) interviewing
35) As we approached the work site, the workers were seen ____the new house. A) building B) build C) built D) to build 36) As we know, all the regulations in school ____.
A) must keep to B) must be kept C) must keep D) must be kept up 37) The composition ____any more.
A) need not to be corrected B) doesn't need to be corrected C) doesn't need be corrected D) need not correct
38) The bank is reported in the local newspaper ____in broad daylight yesterday
A) to be robbed B) to have been robbed C) robbed D)shavings been robbed 39) Hurry up, or the tickets ___out by the time we get there.
A) will have sold B) will sell C) have sold D) will have been sold 40) He cleaned the glasses carefully for fear that it ____.
A) was damaged B) should be damaged C) damaged D) would be damaged
被动语态练习题答案：
1)C 2)A 3)A 4)C 5)D 6)D 7)C 8)B 9)B 10)B11)D 12)C 13)D 14)B 15)B 16)C 17)A 18)A 19)B20)B 21)C 22)D 23)A 24)C 25)A 26)C 27)A 28)C29)C 30)A 31)B 32)C 33)A 34)C 35)A 36)B 37)B38)B 39)D 40)B
初中被动语态及习题（答案）
