2020届二轮复习 阅读理解中词句猜测--代词指代题考查解读 【题型解读】 代词指代题常出现在人物或事物变换多，动作转换频繁的语境中，考生应根据语境判断人称代词、不定代词和指示代词。有时也会考查定语从句中关系代词的指代内容。设问形式常有：
(1)What does the underlined word “this/it/them/which...” refer to? (2)The
underlined
part
“it/that/they/which...”
in
Paragraph...refers to “ ”．
解题技巧——“就近原则”判指代 第一步：明确代词所指代内容的位置
代词永远出现在原词之后，故代词所指代的内容在这一句的前面一句中，或者前几句中。 第二步：熟悉代词的含义 (1)it/this/that可指代一件事。
(2)it/he/them/they/one/those指上文提到的人或物。
(3)which/that/who等关系代词指代其所修饰的先行词，非限制性定语从句中which可指代前面整句话的内容。 第三步：替换核实再比较
(1)用所找的指代内容替换画线代词，核实句意是否合理，前后内容是否一致。
(2)比较所代部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
例如：【真题感悟】中第26题，sharing that与前面的shared the
belief呼应，由此可推知，拥有同样的信念使两人成了朋友；the belief替换that后，经核实意义正确，故选A项。 【课堂练习】 A
Throughout the past few years，I have tried to give myself to others.I have bounced around to find where I truly fit in.I found my place while I stayed in Guatemala，an orphanage(孤儿院)，with the children living there.Through hearing many stories of their lives，I was moved to tears and started to question my living ways and gave up everything that wasn’t essential：
7
makeup and any other sort of luxury(奢侈品)．I lived like they
did.It was the most relaxing feeling in the world.
When at Nuestros Pequenos Hermanos，we were given the task
8of creating a pig pen.At first，I thought it should be easy.After
arriving at the area where the pig pen should be，we saw a hill.We were told to 1uproot the weeds as well as level the entire area.Looking at it，we felt it would be impossible.On my own faith journey，I have felt this type of doubt before.The “hole”，as we referred to，is a symbol of my faith journey.It appeared
2to be an obstacle I could not overcome，but in the end I completed
it with efforts.I feel this pig pen wasn’t easy to create but was so rewarding to give.
I’ve always struggled to be on a journey of faith，but I’ve never completely stepped foot onto the path until Guatemala.I’ve always tried to open my heart to everyone around
me and give them my love.I feel as though I cut open my heart and share every bit of love I had with these orphans.There is one orphan named Ceto who will always remain very close to my heart.In Guatemala，I sponsor with thirty dollars a month，but it doesn’t seem enough.I’ll return there next summer and give more of my love for a whole month.
When it was time to leave，I looked out of the window and saw not just ordinary children.Overall，the most significant accomplishment I made in Guatemala was stepping towards my own faith journey and not looking back.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在危地马拉期间，改变了自己的生活，从而改变了自己的人生。 1．What resulted in the author’s decision to live a new life? A．Desire to help others. B．Decrease in his income.
C．A knowledge of the orphans’ life. D．Awareness of the difficulty in his life. 答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句可知，作者了解到孤儿的生活之后，决定改变自己的生活。故选C。
2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Removing the doubt. B．Uprooting the weed.
C．Starting the faith journey. D．Creating the pig pen. 答案 D
解析 代词指代题。根据画线词后面的“I feel this pig pen wasn’t easy to create but was so rewarding to give.”可以猜测出，it代指建造猪圈这件事。故选D。
3．What did the author think of his experience in Guatemala? A．It was regretful. B．It was meaningful. C．It was interesting. D．It was frightening. 答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Overall，the most significant accomplishment I made in Guatemala was stepping towards my own faith journey and not looking back.”可以推断出，作者认为在危地马拉的经历是有意义的。故选B。 4．What may be the best title for the text? A．A Step into a New World B．An Awful Faith Journey C．A Great Success in Life D．A Return of Confidence 答案 A
解析 标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的“Overall，the most significant accomplishment I made in Guatemala was stepping towards my own faith journey and not looking back.”可以推断
出，在危地马拉期间，作者改变了自己的生活，从而改变了人生。故用A Step into a New World作为本文的标题最佳。故选A。
B
Vinegar is great.It makes salad，fries and dumplings taste better，and you can even clean your windows with it.And now，according to scientists，it may even help the planet’s population survive climate change.Researchers from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS) in Japan proved that.They found growing plants in vinegar makes them more resistant to droughts.This could mean that in the future，worries about climate change affecting the world’s supply of food will be much lower.
The discovery was made after the researchers studied the Arabidopsis，a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather.It was found that when the plant was placed in drought-like conditions，it produced a chemical called acetate(醋酸盐)—the main 3component of vinegar.
After discovering this，the scientists experimented further by adding acetate to the soil of other plants before they stopped giving them water completely.After leaving the plants for 14 days，they found that the ones treated with acetate had survived，while the untreated plants had dried up and died.
It’s hoped that this simple method of survival could soon be used to help farmers in dry countries keep their crops alive.“In the experiment，we targeted the 4staple foods of the
高考英语二轮复习阅读理解中词句猜测--代词指代题考查解读
