A. when US economy is strong, people have more interest in environment protection B. high GDP helps to introduce high technology for environment protection C. great fuel efficiency in cars and agriculture helps to protect environment D. the US makes other weak nations take the harmful consequences A. there’s no clear relationship between growth and biodiversity B. growth harms biodiversity with today’s GDP-centred system C. biodiversity condition agrees with a country’s economic growth D. the author is not sure about the exact influence of growth on biodiversity A. GDP focuses on balance sheet rather than monetary increase. B. Within borders, America is enjoying a better biodiversity right now. C. Many low-income nations are having a higher GDP growth than the U.S. D. Creative ways have been found to balance life standard and biodiversity.
76. The author’s main opinion about growth-biodiversity is that ______.
77. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
Section C
In recent years in America, the mandatory sentencing(强制判刑) movement has really changed the US prison size. The mandatory sentencing movement typically stated the minimum number of prison years for certain crimes people committed. It swept the United States in the 1970s, driving the state prison population up from less than 200,000 to about 1.4 million today and made prisoning budgets the second-fastest-growing state expense, only second to Medic-aid. But the current sentencing reforms in a growing number of states are starting to reverse that trend — causing the prison population to decline by about 3.8 percent since 2009.
Central to the state reforms is a relatively new and more complicated way of information analysis about the law-breaker — including criminal history, drug abuse(滥用) and instances of anti-social behavior — to assess the likelihood of that individual’s committing a new crime. And by examining data, the states can revise policies to discourage them from going back to prison.
Many states have found that many people go back to prison not for committing new crimes but for technical mild violations（违反）, like failing drug tests or abnormal behaviors due to mental problems. With that knowledge, these states have moved to less costly and more effective actions to replace jail stay. Today, they tend more to send these people for community service.
Some states are also jumping at what is known as the “justice reinvestment” approach, under which they channel significant sums of money into the existing programs on drug treatment and mental health, two main issues behind crimes for many law-breakers.
Despite the advantages of a risk-assessment approach, some states are still flying blind mainly because they don’t have the resources to gather data. Moreover, a study has noted, handling high-risk and low-risk criminals in the same way is a big mistake, as “low risk individuals have an increased likelihood of committing crimes again when they receive treatment or services in the same programs as medium- and high-risk individuals.”
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 78. The mandatory sentencing movement had greatly increased prison population through ______. 79. What is the essential content of today’s sentencing reforms? 80. What is many states’ softer punishment for minor offences?
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81. Risk-assessment method is not adopted by all the states primarily because of ______.
II卷 （共47分）
I. Translation（22分）
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1． 视频聊天越来越受到人们的欢迎。(popular)
2． 万一家具在大火中毁掉了，保险公司是否会支付所有的损失？（in case） 3． 对油画感兴趣的人们能够在网上得到美术馆的免费票。（free）
4． 尽管水果富含维生素，急切想减肥的女士们也不应该用水果来代替营养均衡的正餐。(rich) 5． 只有通过广泛阅读，才能掌握知识，成为竞争激烈的21世纪所需要的人才。（Only…）
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1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. B 11-13 DCB 14-16 AAC
17. BX3256 18. eyesight 19. 340 20. Cash.
21. Electronic bridge. 22. Customer type. 23. Security key. 24. Mobile payment.
25. after 26. moving 27. educated 28. were beaten 29. because of 30. the 31. that/which 32. hottest 33. what 34. building 35. must 36. where 37. when 38. However 39. to help 40. has donated
41 G 42. H 43. A 44. J 45. E 46. K 47. B. 48. D 49. C 50 F 51-55 BDACB 56-60 ADACB 61-65 ACABC 66-69 CBDC 70-73 CCAA 74-77 BDBB
78. stating a minimum number of prison years for certain crimes 79. A new and more complicated way of criminal information analysis. 80. Community service. 81. lack of resources
1. Video chat has been more and more popular with people.
2. Will the insurance company pay for all the damages in case the furniture is destroyed in the fire? 3. Free tickets for the gallery are available online to those who are interested in oil paintings.
4．Although fruits are rich in vitamins, ladies who are anxious to lose weight can’t replace well-balanced meals with fruits.
5. Only through reading widely can one master knowledge and become a talent that the competitive 21st century calls for.
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上海市闸北区2014届高三上学期期末考试英语试题（WORD版，有答案）
