专题九 动词和动词短语
重难点分析
对于动词和动词短语，主要考查词义辨析、动词的用法和搭配、一词多义以及在具体语境中正确使用动词短语。要特别注意一些最常用的词汇如get, make, have, take以及与它们构成的动词短语等。
一、动词分类一览表
动词的分类 行为动词 及物动词(vt.)+宾语 后不接宾语 +介词 系动词 例句 He sang a song for us. He arrived late. He arrived in Wuhan at 10 a.m. (实义动词) 不及物动词(vi.) 表人和事物的特征和状态：be, feel, appear, seem, look, sound, He seems angry. smell, taste等 表状态变化：become, get, go, turn, grow, fall等 表状态的延续或持续：keep, stay, remain等 助动词 be, have, do, shall, will等，不能独立作谓语，须与动词原形或分词一起构成谓语的各种形式 情态动词 can/could, may/might, shall/should, will/would, must, need, He may come tomorrow. dare等 注意：有些动词是兼类词。如：We have lunch at 12. (行为动词) / We have been to Japan. (助动词)
二、动词短语构成一览表 动词短语构成 示例 break out 爆发 agree with 同意 例句 The Anti-Japanese War broke out in 1931. I agree with you on that point. The fish went bad. He remained silent. I have bought a car. 动词+副词 动词+介词 动词+副词+介词 动词+名词+介词 动词+名词
come up with 想出；提出 I came up with a good idea. make use of 利用 take place 发生 You should make full use of your time. Great changes are taking place in our life. 三、常用动词短语归纳
常用动词come, go, keep, look, make, put, take, turn, get的相关搭配
1. come
come about 发生；造成 come across 偶然遇到 come after 追踪；跟在……后面 come along 一道走；赶快 come at 向……扑过来 come from 来自
come on 跟随；上演；赶快；加油 come out 出来；出版；结果是
come to (oneself) 苏醒；总共；达到；涉及 come into being/existence 出现；开始形成；成立
come in 进来；上市；流行起来；(比赛中)得……名次(come in second 得第二名) 2. go
go about 此处走动 go after 追赶；追捕；追求
go ahead 前进；说吧；走吧；做吧(口语) go all out to do sth. 全力以赴做某事 go beyond 超出；超出……的能力 go by 从……经过/通过；时间流逝 go back to 追溯到；回顾 go down 下降；下跌 go in for 参与；从事；爱好
go into 进入；从事 go off 离开某地；爆炸
go over 复习；超过期限；审阅；仔细查看 go out 熄灭；出去；过时 go through 穿过；经受 go too far 太过分；走得太远 go with 相配(同义词match) go well with 协调；相配 go wrong 出错；发生故障 come to an agreement 达成协议 come to a close/an end 终止；结束 come to life 活过来 come to light 泄露；被发现 come to mind 想起；回忆起
come to the point (讲话、写文章等)切中要害 come to the/one’s rescue 营救；帮助 come true 实现；变成现实 come up with 想出；提出
go around/round 绕道；四处走动；(故事、消息等)传开；萦绕 3. keep
keep away 不靠近；远离 keep back 向后退；保留
keep in mind 记住；把……记在心里 keep in order 保持整齐；使井井有条 keep in touch with 保持联系 keep one’s ears open 留心细听；倾听
keep one’s eyes open 留心；注意 keep out 不让入内；不要进来
keep out of 不参与；不牵涉进去；置身事外 keep quiet 保持安静
keep up your courage 鼓起勇气；保持勇气 keep up with 跟上
keep off 不接近；保持距离；避开；回避(某话题) 4. look
look about/around 四周环顾 look after 照顾
look ahead 向前看；展望未来 look at 看
look back 回顾；回过头看 look down upon 看不起
look down one’s nose at 傲慢；轻视某人 look forward to 期待 look into 调查 5. make
make sense 说得通；有意义；言之有理 make up 构成
make up for 弥补；补偿
make up one’s mind 下决心；决定
make an effort to / make efforts to 努力；尽力 make oneself heard 让自己被别人听到 make good sense / no sense 有意义/没意义 make fun of 嘲笑；取笑
make a deep impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象6. put
put away 放好；收起来
put aside 放在一边；暂时不做；留出 put back 放回原处
put down 放下；拒绝；写下来 put forward 提出(计划、建议等) put off 推迟；延期；脱掉(衣服等) put into use 投入使用
put through 做完；完成；接通电话(=get through)
look like 看起来像
look out (of) 当心；小心；向外看 look through 浏览；看穿
look up 仰视；查找(字典、电话本等) look up to sb. 尊敬
look up and down上下打量(某人) look to 指望；寄望；依靠 look on 袖手旁观 look over 仔细检查
be made up of 由……组成/构成 make tea/coffee 泡茶/泡咖啡 make a living 某人
make a difference 有影响；有关系 make full use of 充分利用 make excuses 超借口；辩解 make a contribution to 为……做贡献 make a complaint 提出投诉 put on 穿上；上演 put out 扑灭；吹灭 put up 举起；张贴 put up with 忍受；忍耐
put one’s heart into 全心全意投入 put in prison 投入监狱 put on weight 增肥
(最新实用)2024年高考英语语法专项突破训练专题09-动词和动词短语
