GB50268-2008给水排水管道工程施工及验收规范和条文说明2011

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In order to ensure normal teaching order, protecting students ' healthy growth, ensuring that national (property) is not lost, to prevent or minimize the occurrence of safety accidents, follow the \ch other, ensure safety and reduce losses\principle, according to the local conditions, make the management system. 1, the principal is the responsibility of school safety, school security under the leadership of President security work leading group. The head teacher to the leadership team is responsible for, implementation of the accountability system. 2, school monthly student knowledge about safety education, education should be diversified in the form every safety education for students of classes per week should be targeted. o carry on emergency issues dealing with education in General, self-help and mutual rescue knowledge. Emergency calls (such a110, 119, 122, 120, and so on) use common sense in educaton. 3, the establishment of major accident reporting system. School students report major accident within an hour of education; student run and disappearances to report; report of the accident to a written report in triplicate, a correctional centre, a police station, a township people's Government shall not conceal the accident. 4 week, teachers are on duty system, establish and improve the leadership values; strengthen the education, management of teaching activities in schools to ensure normal teaching order; responsible for school safety leadership always maintained close contact and district police stations, canvassing support from the police station on school safety and help. 5, strengthening teachers ' moral education, establish a dedicated love, improving education quality, observe the students ' psychological changes at any time and take preventive measures, no corporal punishment and covert corporal punishment on students, student out of the classroom, schools may not be. 6, units or departments use student Street propaganda or participate in the celebrations, as well as participating in other social work, without approval of the Correctional Centre, school principals consent, without organization. Without theapproval of relevant departments, may organize students to participate in fire fighting, disaster relief and so on. 7, schools should educate students to obey the school rules and regulations, on time, on time home to prevent accidents. 8, school to school inspections on a regular basis, found hidden in time, and in severe cases, it is hard to eliminate immediately closed, and reported to the local people's Government, education, and rule of law section. 9, the school should always check the internal walls, retaining walls, ponds, railings, handrails, doors, Windows, staircases and a variety of sports, extracurricular activities, facilities such as fire safety, infrastructure security, unsafe facility to immediately repair and demolition to ensure that teachers and students work, learn, live venues and facilities are safe and reliable. Song Lin Xiang Liu Jia ping elementary school March 2016 song Lin Xiang Liu Jia pingprimary school fire safety systems to enhance fire safety, protection of public property and the life and property safety of teachers and students, school fire safety into day-to-daymanagement, is developing the following fire safety system. 1, strengthen fire safety education of the whole school. According to the requirements of the Fire Services Act, so that everyone has of keeping fire control safety, protecting fire control facilities, fire prevention, reports of fire 4.1.1 建设单位应向施工单位提供施工影响范围内地下管线(构筑物)及其他公共设施资料，施工单位应采取措施加以保护。

4.1.2 给排水管道工程的土方施工，除应符合本章规定外，涉及围堰、深基(槽)坑开挖与围护、地基处理等工程，还应符合现行国家标准《给水排水构筑物工程施工及验收规范》GB 50141及国家相关标准的规定。

4.1.3 沟槽的开挖、支护方式应根据工程地质条件、施工方法、周围环境等要求进行技术经济比较，确保施工安全和环境保护要求。 4.1.4 沟槽断面的选择与确定应符合下列规定：

1 槽底宽、槽深、分层开挖高度、各层边坡及层间留台宽度等，应方便管道结构施工，确保施工质量和安全，并尽可能减少挖方和占地；

2 做好土(石)方平衡调配，尽可能避免重复挖运；大断面深沟槽开挖时，应编制专项施工方案；

3 沟槽外侧应设置截水沟及排水沟，防止雨水浸泡沟槽。

4.1.5 沟槽开挖至设计高程后应由建设单位会同设计、勘察、施工、监理单位共同验槽；发现岩、土质与勘察报告不符或有其他异常情况时，由建设单位会同上述单位研究处理措施。

4.1.6 沟槽支护应根据沟槽的土质、地下水位、沟槽断面、荷载条件等因素进行设计；施工单位应按设计要求进行支护。

4.1.7 土石方爆破施工必须按国家有关部门的规定，由有相应资质的单位进行施工。 4.1.8 管道交叉处理应符合下列规定：

1 应满足管道间最小净距的要求，且按有压管道避让无压管道、支管道避让干线管道、小口径管道避让大口径管道的原则处理；

lectricity lines, equipment inspections, found hidden in time for rectification, maintenance, and security. 9, do not use an open flame in the classroom, prohibit burning stove, lit candles, mosquito repellent, no smoking, and banning messy wiring. Without using any household appliances is not allowed. 10, live on campus faculty members, must lead by example, and educate families and children ready to fire. 11, household use of gas in schools, to master proper usage, pay attention to the leak-proof, explosion-proof, fireproof, closing valve after use to ensure security. 12, dining room must be qualified, and annual testing of pressure vessels, to regularly check, the canteen workers must be certified, strictly by operation operation, gas tank and stove safety distance of 1.5 meters, to prevent accidents. 13, the adverse consequences caused by ignoring fire safety regulations, will be punished, until investigated for legal responsibility. Song Lin Xiang Liu Jia ping elementary school March 2016 Xiang Liu Jia ping elementary school, pine slopes surrounding safety management system 1

teachers and students, the surrounding area of the school governance covers personal and food hygiene, cultural events and other aspects, integrated governance shall obtain wide support and full cooperation of the community. On the surrounding environment in schools should be closely monitored. 2, school work at the same time, should pay attention to the safety management of school environment, should take the initiative to contact the district police station, the village Committee, Correctional Centre, Township government, business management and other departments to do a good job management. 3, teacher on duty with the exception of inspections in schools, should also pay attention to environmental inspections near the campus, found that the jobless migrants from rural areas, for example, harassment of students and a variety of accidents, according to different situations reported school officials or the police station in a timely manner, to protect the safety of students. 4, every day before school, teachers remind students, pay attention to traffic safety. 5, should educate students to respect social ethics, and various regulations, maintaining public order, and fight the bad guys, and grasp the correct ways and means of maintaining and improving students ' self-care ability. 6, the establishment of emergency rescue teams of teachers in schools, on high alert and deployed. Song Lin Xiang Liu Jia ping elementary school March 2016 song Lin Xiang Liu Jia ping primary school teachers and students organizations out of safety management system organization activities between teachers and students, to draw up a precise plan and security measures must be signed by the school officials to review the programme of activities agreed upon Correctional Center agreed to implement. Organization to the field relatively far or activities require approval by the Deputy Director of the Education Bureau in charge of security. 2, each activity should have a specific responsibility, pay attention to the persons age, physical match. Route 3, activities, location, field surveys should be carried out in advance. 4, activities for the means of transport should explain the situation to the school to comply with vehicle, safety requirements, before the line for repairs. 5, each activity must have security, emergency response plan for accidents. 6, picnics, hiking, picnic to pay attention to fire prevention, food poisoning, prevention of fall accidents 7, the activities near the rivers, reservoirs, no measures or do not meet the security requirements of the Organization and not let students into the water16

In order to ensure normal teaching order, protecting students ' healthy growth, ensuring that national (property) is not lost, to prevent or minimize the occurrence of safety accidents, follow the \scue each other, ensure safety and reduce losses\nciple, according to the local conditions, make the management system. 1, the principal is the responsibility of school safety, school security under the leadership of President security work leading group. The head teacher to the leadership team is responsible for, implementation of the accountability system. 2, school monthly student knowledge about safety education, education should be diversified in the form every safety education for students of classes per week should be targeted. To carry on emergency issues dealing with education in General, self-help and mutual rescue knowledge. Emergency calls (such as 110, 119, 122, 120, and so on) use common sense in education. 3, the establishment of major accident reporting system. School students report major accident within an hour of education; student run and disappearances to report; report of the accident to a written report in triplicate, a correctional centre, a police station, a township people's Government shall not conceal the accident. 4 week, teachers are on duty system, establish and improve the leadership values; strengthen the education, management of teaching activities in schools to ensure normal teaching order; responsible for school safety leadership always maintained close contact and district police stations, canvassing support from the police station on school safety and help. 5, strengthening teachers ' moral education, establish a dedicated love, improving education quality, observe the students ' psychological changes at any time and take preventive measures, no corporal punishment and covert corporal punishment on students, student out of the classroom, schools may not be. 6, units or departments use student Street propaganda or participate in the celebrations, as well as participating in other social work, without approval of the Correctional Centre, school principals consent, without organization. Without the approval of relevant departments, may organize students to participate in fire fighting, disaster relief and so on. 7, schools should educate students to obey the school rules and regulations, on time, on time home to prevent accidents. 8, school to school inspections on a regular basis, found hidden in time, and in severe cases, it is hard to eliminate immediately closed, and reported to the local people's Government, education, and rule of law section. 9, the school should always check the internal walls, retaining walls, ponds, railings, handrails, doors, Windows, staircases and a variety of sports, extracurricular activities, facilities such as fire safety, infrastructure security, unsafe facility to immediately repair and demolition to ensure that teachers and students work, learn, live venues and facilities are safe and reliable. Song Lin Xiang Liu Jia ping elementary school March 2016 song Lin Xiang Liu Jia ping primary school fire safety systems to enhance fire safety, protection of public property and the life and property safety of teachers and students, school fire safety into day-to-day management, is developing the following fire safety system. 1, strengthen fire safety education of the whole school. According to the requirements of the Fire Services Act, so that everyone has of keeping fire control safety, protecting fire control facilities, fire prevention, reports of fire给水排水管道工程施工及验收规范 GB50268-2008

2 新建给排水管道与其他管道交叉时，应按设计要求处理；施工过程中对既有管道进行临时保护时，所采取的措施应征求有关单位意见；

3 新建给排水管道与既有管道交叉部位的回填压实度应符合设计要求，并应使回填材料与被支承管道贴紧密实。

4.1.9 给排水管道铺设完毕并经检验合格后，应及时回填沟槽。回填前，应符合下列规定：

1 预制钢筋混凝土管道的现浇筑基础的混凝土强度、水泥砂浆接口的水泥砂浆强度不应小于5MPa；

2 现浇钢筋混凝上管渠的强度应达到设计要求；

3 混合结构的矩形或拱形管渠，砌体的水泥砂浆强度应达到设计要求； 4 井室、雨水口及其他附属构筑物的现浇混凝土强度或砌体水泥砂浆强度应达到设计要求；

5 回填时采取防止管道发生位移或损伤的措施；

6 化学建材管道或管径大于900mm的钢管、球墨铸铁管等柔性管道在沟槽回填前，应采取措施控制管道的竖向变形； 7 雨期应采取措施防止管道漂浮。 4.2 施工降排水

4.2.1 对有地下水影响的土方施工，应根据工程规模、工程地质、水文地质、周围环境等要求，制定施工降排水方案，方案应包括以下主要内容： 1 降排水量计算； 2 降排水方法的选定；

3 排水系统的平面和竖向布置，观测系统的平面布置以及抽水机械的选型和数量；

In order to ensure normal teaching order, protecting students ' healthy growth, ensuring that national (property) is not lost, to prevent or minimize the occurrence of safety accidents, follow the \ch other, ensure safety and reduce losses\principle, according to the local conditions, make the management system. 1, the principal is the responsibility of school safety, school security under the leadership of President security work leading group. The head teacher to the leadership team is responsible for, implementation of the accountability system. 2, school monthly student knowledge about safety education, education should be diversified in the form every safety education for students of classes per week should be targeted. o carry on emergency issues dealing with education in General, self-help and mutual rescue knowledge. Emergency calls (such a110, 119, 122, 120, and so on) use common sense in educaton. 3, the establishment of major accident reporting system. School students report major accident within an hour of education; student run and disappearances to report; report of the accident to a written report in triplicate, a correctional centre, a police station, a township people's Government shall not conceal the accident. 4 week, teachers are on duty system, establish and improve the leadership values; strengthen the education, management of teaching activities in schools to ensure normal teaching order; responsible for school safety leadership always maintained close contact and district police stations, canvassing support from the police station on school safety and help. 5, strengthening teachers ' moral education, establish a dedicated love, improving education quality, observe the students ' psychological changes at any time and take preventive measures, no corporal punishment and covert corporal punishment on students, student out of the classroom, schools may not be. 6, units or departments use student Street propaganda or participate in the celebrations, as well as participating in other social work, without approval of the Correctional Centre, school principals consent, without organization. Without theapproval of relevant departments, may organize students to participate in fire fighting, disaster relief and so on. 7, schools should educate students to obey the school rules and regulations, on time, on time home to prevent accidents. 8, school to school inspections on a regular basis, found hidden in time, and in severe cases, it is hard to eliminate immediately closed, and reported to the local people's Government, education, and rule of law section. 9, the school should always check the internal walls, retaining walls, ponds, railings, handrails, doors, Windows, staircases and a variety of sports, extracurricular activities, facilities such as fire safety, infrastructure security, unsafe facility to immediately repair and demolition to ensure that teachers and students work, learn, live venues and facilities are safe and reliable. Song Lin Xiang Liu Jia ping elementary school March 2016 song Lin Xiang Liu Jia pingprimary school fire safety systems to enhance fire safety, protection of public property and the life and property safety of teachers and students, school fire safety into day-to-daymanagement, is developing the following fire safety system. 1, strengthen fire safety education of the whole school. According to the requirements of the Fire Services Act, so that everyone has of keeping fire control safety, protecting fire control facilities, fire prevention, reports of fire 4 降水井的构造，井点系统的组合与构造，排放管渠的构造、断面和坡度； 5 电渗排水所采用的设施及电极；

6 沿线地下和地上管线、周边构(建)筑物的保护和施工安全措施。 4.2.2 设计降水深度在基坑(槽)范围内不应小于基坑(槽)底面以下0.5m。 4.2.3 降水井的平面布置应符合下列规定：

1 在沟槽两侧应根据计算确定采用单排或双排降水井，在沟槽端部，降水井外延长度应为沟槽宽度的l～2倍；

2 在地下水补给方向可加密，在地下水排泄方向可减少。

4.2.4 降水深度必要时应进行现场抽水试验，以验证并完善降排水方案。

4.2.5 采取明沟排水施工时，排水井宜布置在沟槽范围以外，其间距不宜大于150m。 4.2.6 施工降排水终止抽水后，降水井及拔除井点管所留的孔洞，应及时用砂石等填实；地下水静水位以上部分，可采用黏土填实。

4.2.7 施工单位应采取有效措施控制施工降排水对周边环境的影响。 4.3 沟槽开挖与支护

4.3.1 沟槽开挖与支护的施工方案主要内容应包括： 1 沟槽施工平面布置图及开挖断面图； 2 沟槽形式、开挖方法及堆土要求；

3 无支护沟槽的边坡要求；有支护沟槽的支撑形式、结构、支拆方法及安全措施； 4 施工设备机具的型号、数量及作业要求；

5 不良土质地段沟槽开挖时采取的护坡和防止沟槽坍塌的安全技术措施； 6 施工安全、文明施工、沿线管线及构(建)筑物保护要求等。

4.3.2 沟槽底部的开挖宽度，应符合设计要求；设计无要求时，可按下式计算确定；

In order to ensure normal teaching order, protecting students ' healthy growth, ensuring that national (property) is not lost, to prevent or minimize the occurrence of safety accidents, follow the \scue each other, ensure safety and reduce losses\nciple, according to the local conditions, make the management system. 1, the principal is the responsibility of school safety, school security under the leadership of President security work leading group. The head teacher to the leadership team is responsible for, implementation of the accountability system. 2, school monthly student knowledge about safety education, education should be diversified in the form every safety education for students of classes per week should be targeted. To carry on emergency issues dealing with education in General, self-help and mutual rescue knowledge. Emergency calls (such as 110, 119, 122, 120, and so on) use common sense in education. 3, the establishment of major accident reporting system. School students report major accident within an hour of education; student run and disappearances to report; report of the accident to a written report in triplicate, a correctional centre, a police station, a township people's Government shall not conceal the accident. 4 week, teachers are on duty system, establish and improve the leadership values; strengthen the education, management of teaching activities in schools to ensure normal teaching order; responsible for school safety leadership always maintained close contact and district police stations, canvassing support from the police station on school safety and help. 5, strengthening teachers ' moral education, establish a dedicated love, improving education quality, observe the students ' psychological changes at any time and take preventive measures, no corporal punishment and covert corporal punishment on students, student out of the classroom, schools may not be. 6, units or departments use student Street propaganda or participate in the celebrations, as well as participating in other social work, without approval of the Correctional Centre, school principals consent, without organization. Without the approval of relevant departments, may organize students to participate in fire fighting, disaster relief and so on. 7, schools should educate students to obey the school rules and regulations, on time, on time home to prevent accidents. 8, school to school inspections on a regular basis, found hidden in time, and in severe cases, it is hard to eliminate immediately closed, and reported to the local people's Government, education, and rule of law section. 9, the school should always check the internal walls, retaining walls, ponds, railings, handrails, doors, Windows, staircases and a variety of sports, extracurricular activities, facilities such as fire safety, infrastructure security, unsafe facility to immediately repair and demolition to ensure that teachers and students work, learn, live venues and facilities are safe and reliable. Song Lin Xiang Liu Jia ping elementary school March 2016 song Lin Xiang Liu Jia ping primary school fire safety systems to enhance fire safety, protection of public property and the life and property safety of teachers and students, school fire safety into day-to-day management, is developing the following fire safety system. 1, strengthen fire safety education of the whole school. According to the requirements of the Fire Services Act, so that everyone has of keeping fire control safety, protecting fire control facilities, fire prevention, reports of fire给水排水管道工程施工及验收规范 GB50268-2008

B＝D0＋2(b1＋b2＋b3) (4.3.2)

式中 B——管道沟槽底部的开挖宽度(mm)； D0——管外径(mm)；

b1——管道一侧的工作面宽度(mm)，可按表4.3.2选取； b2——有支撑要求时，管道一侧的支撑厚度，可取150～200mm； b3——现场浇筑混凝土或钢筋混凝土管渠一侧模板的厚度(mm)。

表4.3.2 管道一侧的工作面宽度

管道一侧的工作面宽度b1 (mm) 管道的外径D0 混凝土类管道刚性接口 400 300 柔性接口刚性接口 500＜D0≤1000 柔性接口刚性接口 1000＜D0≤1500 柔件接口刚性接口 1500＜D0≤3000 柔性接口注：1 槽底需设排水沟时，b1应适当增加；

2 管道有现场施工的外防水层时，b1宜取800mm；

3 采用机械回填管道侧面时，b1需满足机械作业的宽度要求。

表4.3.3 深度在5m以内的沟槽边坡的最陡坡度

600 500 800～1000 700 400 600 500 300 500 400 金属类管道、化学建材管道 D0≤500 lectricity lines, equipment inspections, found hidden in time for rectification, maintenance, and security. 9, do not use an open flame in the classroom, prohibit burning stove, lit candles, mosquito repellent, no smoking, and banning messy wiring. Without using any household appliances is not allowed. 10, live on campus faculty members, must lead by example, and educate families and children ready to fire. 11, household use of gas in schools, to master proper usage, pay attention to the leak-proof, explosion-proof, fireproof, closing valve after use to ensure security. 12, dining room must be qualified, and annual testing of pressure vessels, to regularly check, the canteen workers must be certified, strictly by operation operation, gas tank and stove safety distance of 1.5 meters, to prevent accidents. 13, the adverse consequences caused by ignoring fire safety regulations, will be punished, until investigated for legal responsibility. Song Lin Xiang Liu Jia ping elementary school March 2016 Xiang Liu Jia ping elementary school, pine slopes surrounding safety management system 1

In order to ensure normal teaching order, protecting students ' healthy growth, ensuring that national (property) is not lost, to prevent or minimize the occurrence of safety accidents, follow the \ch other, ensure safety and reduce losses\principle, according to the local conditions, make the management system. 1, the principal is the responsibility of school safety, school security under the leadership of President security work leading group. The head teacher to the leadership team is responsible for, implementation of the accountability system. 2, school monthly student knowledge about safety education, education should be diversified in the form every safety education for students of classes per week should be targeted. o carry on emergency issues dealing with education in General, self-help and mutual rescue knowledge. Emergency calls (such a110, 119, 122, 120, and so on) use common sense in educaton. 3, the establishment of major accident reporting system. School students report major accident within an hour of education; student run and disappearances to report; report of the accident to a written report in triplicate, a correctional centre, a police station, a township people's Government shall not conceal the accident. 4 week, teachers are on duty system, establish and improve the leadership values; strengthen the education, management of teaching activities in schools to ensure normal teaching order; responsible for school safety leadership always maintained close contact and district police stations, canvassing support from the police station on school safety and help. 5, strengthening teachers ' moral education, establish a dedicated love, improving education quality, observe the students ' psychological changes at any time and take preventive measures, no corporal punishment and covert corporal punishment on students, student out of the classroom, schools may not be. 6, units or departments use student Street propaganda or participate in the celebrations, as well as participating in other social work, without approval of the Correctional Centre, school principals consent, without organization. Without theapproval of relevant departments, may organize students to participate in fire fighting, disaster relief and so on. 7, schools should educate students to obey the school rules and regulations, on time, on time home to prevent accidents. 8, school to school inspections on a regular basis, found hidden in time, and in severe cases, it is hard to eliminate immediately closed, and reported to the local people's Government, education, and rule of law section. 9, the school should always check the internal walls, retaining walls, ponds, railings, handrails, doors, Windows, staircases and a variety of sports, extracurricular activities, facilities such as fire safety, infrastructure security, unsafe facility to immediately repair and demolition to ensure that teachers and students work, learn, live venues and facilities are safe and reliable. Song Lin Xiang Liu Jia ping elementary school March 2016 song Lin Xiang Liu Jia pingprimary school fire safety systems to enhance fire safety, protection of public property and the life and property safety of teachers and students, school fire safety into day-to-daymanagement, is developing the following fire safety system. 1, strengthen fire safety education of the whole school. According to the requirements of the Fire Services Act, so that everyone has of keeping fire control safety, protecting fire control facilities, fire prevention, reports of fire 边坡坡度(高：宽) 土的类别坡顶无荷载中密的砂土中密的碎石类土(充填物为砂土) 硬塑的粉土中密的碎石类土(充填物为黏性1﹕0.50 土) 硬塑的粉质黏土、黏土老黄土软土(经井点降水后) 1﹕0.33 1﹕0.10 1﹕1.25 1﹕0.50 1﹕0.25 — 1﹕0.67 1﹕0.33 — 1﹕O.67 1﹕O.75 1﹕1.00 1﹕0.75 1﹕0.67 坡顶有静载 1﹕1.25 1﹕1.00 1﹕O.75 坡顶有动载 1﹕1.50 1﹕1.25 1﹕1.00 4.3.3 地质条件良好、土质均匀、地下水位低于沟槽底面高程，且开挖深度在5m以内、沟槽不设支撑时，沟槽边坡最陡坡度应符合表4.3.3的规定。 4.3.4 沟槽每侧临时堆土或施加其他荷载时，应符合下列规定： 1 不得影响建(构)筑物、各种管线和其他设施的安全；

2 不得掩埋消火栓、管道闸阀、雨水口、测量标志以及各种地下管道的井盖，且不得妨碍其正常使用；

3 堆土距沟槽边缘不小于0.8m，且高度不应超过1.5m；沟槽边堆置土方不得超过设计堆置高度。

4.3.5 沟槽挖深较大时，应确定分层开挖的深度，并符合下列规定： 1 人工开挖沟槽的槽深超过3m时应分层开挖，每层的深度不超过2m；

2 人工开挖多层沟槽的层间留台宽度：放坡开槽时不应小于0.8m，直槽时不应小