2020年全国硕士研究生入学统-考试英语（二）试题
Section I Use or English
Directions： Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A. B. C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Being a good parent is what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very 1 particularly since children respond differently lo the same style of parenting. A calm rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than 2 a younger one. 3, there's another sort of parent that's easier to 4 ; a parent. Children of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still , 5 . every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy 6 . sometimes, parents gel exhausted and are unable to maintain a 7 style with their kids. 1 understand this.
You're only human, and sometimes your kids can 8 you just a little too far. And then the 9 happens: You lose your patience and either scream al your kids or say something that was too 10 and does nobody any good. You wish that you could 11 the clock and start over. We've all been there. 12 even though it's common, it's vital to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may 13 for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also 14 your child's self-esteem.
If you consistently lose your 15 with your kids, then you are modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the 16 of modeling patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to maintain emotional control when 17 by stress is one of the most significant of all life's skills.
Certainly, it's 18 lo maintain patience at all times with your kids. A more practical goal is to try to be as calm as you can when faced with 19 situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward ibis goal, you and your children will benefit and 20 from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally. 1.[A] pleasant [B]tricky 2. [A] at once 3.[A] Fortunately 4. [A] amuse 5. [A] once 6. [A] choice 7.[A] formal 8.[A] move 9.[A] inevitable 10.[A] boring 11.[A] turn back 12.[A] Overall 13.[A] believe 14. [A] justify 15.[A]bond 16.[A] nature 17.[A] confronted 18.[A] strange 19.[A] exciting 20. [A] withdraw [B] tolerant [B]send [B] illogical [B] harsh [B] take apart [B] Instead [B] regret [B] raise [B]time [B]secret [B]defeated [B]terrible [B]trying [B]hide [C] rigid [C]drag [C] mysterious |C] naive [C] set aside [C] otherwise [C] miss [C] affect [C]race [C]context [C]cheated [C] hard [C]Surprising [C]emerge [D] critical [D] push [D] suspicious [D] vague [D] cover up [D]However [D] like [D] reflect [D]cool (D] importance (D] confused [D] wrong [D] changing [D]escape [B]in addition (B] Occasionally [B] train [B] because |B] answer [C] tedious [C] for example [C] Accordingly [C] assist [C] unless [C] task [D] instructive [D] by accident [D]Eventually [D] describe [D| while [D] access Part A
Section II Reading Comprehension Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing /X.B.C
or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)
Text 1
Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Loleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.
They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial -for 5 our days.
The robots rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.
During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened caged doors to lei trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side
Next the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever. Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being. They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviors like communal exploring and playing. This could lead lo the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn.
The readiness of the rats lo befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels. \assumed we'd have lo give its moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat. but that wasn't necessary,\with the research.
The finding shows how sensitive rats arc to social cues, even when they come from basic robots. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings, even when they display only simple social signals. \by robots, and it turns out other animals are too,\
21. [A]
Quinn and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can . pickup social signals from non-living rats
[B] [C] [D] 22. [A] [B] [C] [D] 23.
distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one attain sociable trails through special training send out warning messages to their fellow What did the social robot do during the experiment? Il followed the social robot It played with some toys. It set the trapped rats free. It moved around alone.
According to Quinn, the rats released the social robot because they .
[A] tried to practice a means of escape] expected it to do the same in return
[C] [D] 24.
wanted to display their intelligence considered that an interesting game James Wiles notes that rats . [A] can remember other rat's facial features [B]differentiate smells better than sizes [C]respond more to cations than to looks [D]can be scared by a plastic box on wheels 25.It can be learned from the text that rats . [A]appear to be adaptable to new surroundings [B]are more socially active than other animals [C]behave differently from children in socializing [D]are more sensitive to social cues than expected
Text 2
It is true that CEO pay has gone up-top ones may make 300 times the pay of
typical workers on average, and since the mid-1970s CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has. by varying estimates, gone up by about 500%. The typical CEO of a top American corporation now makes about S18.9 million a year.
The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly. The efforts of America's highest-earning 1% have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy. It's not popular to say, but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs really have upped their game relative to many other worker; in the U.S. economy.
Today's CEO, at least for major American firms, must have many mere skills than simply being able to \markets and maybe even how the company should trade in them. They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors, as the costs of even a minor slip up can be significant. Then there's the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before, with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries. To lead in that system requires knowledge that is fairly mind-boggling plus, virtually all major American companies are beyond this major CEOs still have to do all the day-to-day work they have always done.
The common idea that high CEO pay is mainly about ripping people off doesn't explain history very well. By most measures, corporate governance has become a lot tighter and more rigorous since the 1970s. Yet it is principally during this period of stronger governance that CEO pay has been high and rising. That suggests it is in the broader corporate interest to recruit top candidates for increasingly tough jobs.
Furthermore, the highest CEO salaries are paid lo outside candidates, not to the cozy insider picks, another sign that high CEO pay is not some kind of depredation at the expense of the rest of the company. And the stock market reacts positively when companies tie CEO pay to, say. stock prices, a sign that those practices build up corporate value not just for the CEO.
26. [A] [B]
Which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise? The growth in the number of corporations The general pay rise with a belter economy
2020年考研英语二真题及答案(完美打印版)
