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南开大学880专业英语2011年硕士研究生入学考试试题
南开大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试题
学院：100外国语学院 考试科目：专业英语 专业：英语语言文学
注意：请将所有答案写在专用答题纸上，答在此试题上无效！ 语言学（50分）
ⅠDefine the following terms with examples where necessary（每小题2分，共10分）
arbitrariness hyponymy idiolect
cultural transmission semantic anomaly
ⅡWork out the distinctive features of sounds given below:（每小题1分，共5分）
[n] [w] [l] [i] [a:]
Ⅲ Identify the meaning relations of the following pairs:（每小题1分，共5分） purchase/ buy hot/ cold male/female parents/children lion/cub
ⅣAnswer the following questions:（每题10分，共30分）
In English, certain sound clusters are quite permissible, such as splat, stapl, slapt etc. However, the sound clusters with the same sounds but different arrangement are not allowed, such as slpat*, stpal*, lspat*. Can you give the reason for this phenomenon?
Explain the internal structure of the following phrases using XP formula of the X-bar syntax:
the lovely boy that I like quite interesting fond of music right on the table love the story
In American English, there exists a variety of English spoken by the African American, a variety that is different from the Standard American English (SAE). Can you specify the characteristics of this particular variety of English used by the African American in the United States?
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文学（50分）
Ⅴ. Define briefly the following terms. （每小题4分，共20分） assonance
transcendentalism
medieval romances in England foot
humanism
Ⅵ Reading and Interpreting.（每小题3分，共30分） Section 1
Question 1 to 6 are based on the following poem Emily Dickinson. Because I could not stop for Death--
Emily Dickinson
Because I could not stop for Death-- He kindly stopped for me--
The Carriage held but just Ourselves- And Immortality.
We slowly drove--He knew no haste And I had put away
My labour and my Leisure too, For His Civility--
We passed the School, where Children strove At Recess--in the Ring--
We passed the Fields of Gazing Grain-- We passed the Setting Sun--
Or rather--He passed Us--
The Dews drew quivering and chill-- For only Gossamer, my Gown-- My Tippet--only Tulle--
We paused before a House that seemed A Swelling of the Ground-- The Roof was scarcely visible-- he Coraice--in a Ground--
Since then--’tis Centuries--and yet Feels shorter than the Day
I first surmised the Horses’Heads Were toward Eternity.
Why did Death stop for me?
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Why couldn’t stop for Death?
What did the Death’s carriage hold?
What three things did the speaker and Death pass?
What is the “House” in the ground in stanza5? Why do the centuries seem shorter than the Day?
What is the theme of the poem.
Section 2
Questions 7 to 10 are based on the letter written by Samuel Johnson to the earl of Chesterfield.
To the Right Honorable the Earl of Chesterfield February 7, 1755 My Lord,
I have been lately informed, by the proprietor of The World, that two papers, in which my Dictionary is recommended to the public, were written by your lordship. To be so distinguished is an honor which, being very little accustomed to favors from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge.
When, upon some slight encouragement, I first visited your lordship, I was overpowered, like the rest of mankind, by the enchantment of your address, and could not forbear to wish that I might boast myself Le vainqueur du vainqueur de la terre;—that I might obtain that regard for which I saw the world contending; but I found my attendance so little encouraged, that neither pride nor modesty would suffer me to continue it. When I had once addressed your Lordship in public, I had exhausted all the art of pleasing which a retired and uncourtly scholar can possess. I had done all that I could; and no man is well pleased to have his all neglected, be it ever so little.
Seven years, my lord, have now passed, since I waited in your outward rooms, or was repulsed from your door; during which time I have been pushing on my work through difficulties, of which it is useless to complain, and have brought it, at last, to the verge of publication, without one act of assistance , one word of encouragement, or one smile of favour. Such treatment I did not expect, for I never had a patron before.
The shepherd in Virgil grew at last acquainted with Love, and found him a native of the rocks.
Is not a patrons my lord, one who looks with unconcern on a man struggling for life in the water, and, when he has reached ground, encumbers him with help? The notice which you have been pleased to take of my labours, had it been early, had been kind; but it has been delayed till I am indifferent, and cannot enjoy it: till I am solitary, and cannot impart it; till I am known, and do not want it. I hope it is no very cynical asperity not to confess obligations where no benefit has been received, or to be unwilling that the public should consider me as owing that to a patron, which
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南开大学880专业英语2011年硕士研究生入学考试试题
