2024最新整理、试题、试卷精品资料 2024年高考数学总复习专题05平面向量分项练习含解析理
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一.基础题组
1.【2012全国,理6】△ABC中,AB边的高为CD.若=a,=b,a·b=0,|a|=1,|b|=2,则=( )CBCAAD
A. B.C. D.a?ba?ba?ba?b 【答案】D
13132323353545452. 【2015高考新课标2,理13】设向量,不平行,向量与平行,则实数_________.ab?a?ba?2b?? 【答案】
1 2【解析】因为向量与平行,所以,则所
ka?2b)以.?a?ba?2b?a?b?(????k,1
??
2?1?2k,【考点定位】向量共线.
3. 【2016高考新课标2理数】已知向量,且,则m=a?(1,m),b=(3,?2)(a+b)?b
(A)?8 (B)?6 (C)6 (D)8 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析: ,由得,解得,故选
D.a?b?(4,m?2)(a+b)?b4?3?(m?2)?(?2)?0m?8 【考点】平面向量的坐标运算、数量积
What's that?It's a picture of a room.What can you see in the picture?can see a black hat on the table.Can you see看见) an English book on the table1 / 3
2024最新整理、试题、试卷精品资料 【名师点睛】已知非零向量a=(x1,y1),b=(x2, y2):
模 夹角 几何表示 |a|=a?a cos θ=a?b a?b坐标表示 |a|=x12?y12 cos θ=x1x2?y1y2x?y?x2?y2212122 a⊥b的充要条件 a·b=0 x1x2+y1y2=0 二.能力题组
1. 【2014新课标,理3】设向量a,b满足|a+b|=,|a-b|=,则ab =( )106 A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5 【答案】A
【解析】因为=10,,两式相加得:,所以,故选
rrrur2rr2r2r2rrr2r2rur2rr2r2r2A.|a?b|?(a?b)?a?b?2a?b|a?b|?(a?b)?a?b?2a?b?6a?b?8rra?b?1
2.【2010全国2,理8】△ABC中,点D在边AB上,CD平分∠ACB,若=a,=b,|a|=1,|b|=2,则 等于( )CBCACD
133C.a+b D.a+b
5A.a+b B.a+b
234523451 33 5【答案】:B
【解析】法一:(直接法)∵CD平分∠ACB,
CAAD2∴==
1CBDB22ABCBCA 33221∴=+=b+ (a-b)=a+b.CDCAAD
333∴=2==(-)= (a-b).ADDB法二:(排除法)由角平分线的性质知λ=a+b=a+b.故=a+b.系数之
What's that?It's a picture of a room.What can you see in the picture?can see a black hat on the table.Can you see看见) an English book on the table2 / 3