目录
? Further notes on the text: Excuse me! 劳驾,对不起。当引起别人的注意的时候,或打断别人谈话,或从别人身边走过的时候用的客套话。注意和Lesson 1(Lesson1 – Lesson 3)
sorry的区别,例如:
Excuse me, Can I ask you a question? 劳驾,我能问你一个问题么? Yes?用升调读,“什么事”。和用降调不相同,用降调表示“是的”的意思。 Pardon? 对不起,请在说一遍。用于口语
正式的说法是:I beg your pardon? 或 Pardon me. Thank you very much. 非常感谢。也可以这么说:
Thank you. Thanks!
Thank you a lot. Many thanks.
*My coat and my umbrella please. 祈使句,等于 Give me my coat and my umbrella please. Ticket, please. 也是祈使句,等于Show me your ticket 在口语中,如果的语境明确,就如课文中一样,只使用直宾成文。
Passport, please. 请出示您的护照。 A cup of tea please. 请给我一杯茶。
*Here’s your umbrella and your coat. 这是一个倒装句式,系动词提到了主语之前,正常语序是:Your umbrella and your coat are here.
I’m sorry. 对不起,这个语句才是真正表达歉意的句子。
Is this it? it指上文的your umbrella,这是一种比较常用行文方式。 ? Expression:
陈述句:This is… 这是…
陈述句的否定形式:在be动词前加not:This isn’t… 这不是…
一般疑问句:在系表结构中,一般疑问句把系动词前置,并采用升调阅读:Is this… 一般疑问句的回答(be动词引导):Yes, it is.(肯定)No, it isn’t.(否定) 例子:
Is this your pen?
Yes, it is / No, it isn’t.
That one is my pen and this isn’t my pen. ? Sound:
连读:第一个单词为辅音,第二个单词为元音时将连读。如:Yes, it is.
略读:两个爆破音在一起时,前一个爆破音失去爆破。如:handbag/hanbag/
浊化:S后面如果是浊辅音的话,那么读对映的清辅音。如:skirt/sg/ school/sg/ star/sd/
please.
? Further notes one text:
Good morning! 早上好,常用对话,对映的有:
Good afternoon. 中午好。 Good evening. 晚上好。 Good night. 晚安
This is Miss Sophie Dupont. This is…可以用来向某人介绍某人。 Nice to meet you. 用于非正式场合第一次见面。还可以这么说:
Glad to meet you. 或 Pleased to meet you. 很高兴见到你。 如果双方已经认识那么使用:Nice to see you. 正式场合第一次见面用:How do you do? ? Expressions:
特殊疑问句是以Wh-疑问词引导的疑问句,*疑问词有:What When Which Where Whose How Why Who Whom等。并加上一般疑问词的语序,如:
What is your name?
特殊疑问句需要具体回答,而不能用Yes和No回答。 How do you like sport? = Do you like sport? I like sport very much. = Yes, I do.
特殊疑问句式的结构有两种,一种是以疑问词提问,一种是以疑问短语来提问,这种情况下疑问词做定语。
What is your nationality? What nationality are you?
注意其主语与be动词的变化。 以What引导的特殊疑问句(1):
What 可以用来询问名字、国籍、工作、颜色、型号等。如:
What make is this car? 这辆小汽车是什么牌子的? What nationality are you? 你是哪国人? What is your job? 你是什么工作? What is your name? 你叫什么名字? *What color is this? 它是什么颜色?
*What size is this skirt? 这条裙子是多大号的? 冠词(1):
a/an被称为不定冠词,意思为一个…。两者的区别在于a用于辅音前,而an用于元音前。如:
a pen 一只笔
an apple 一个苹果 人称代词(1): 主格(单数) *宾格(单数) 主格(复数) *宾格(复数) I me we us you you you you he she it him her its they them 人称代词作主语: I’m an engineer. 我是一个工程师。 They are Chinese 他们是中国人。
*人称代词作表语:Oh, it’s you. 噢,是你? be 动词的变化(1):
在系表结构,*或现在时中。动词be随主语发生变化。
I am a student. Are you French? They are news. It is fine day.
选择疑问句:选择疑问句采用一般疑问句的结构的并列句,两句之间用or连接,但不用Yes or No回答。如:
Is this an English (car) or Italian car?
This isn’t an English car. It’s an Italian car.
Lesson 2 (Lesson4 – Lesson 6)