管理学第9版 练习题 附答
案 3
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Chapter 3 Organizational Culture and Environment: The Constraints
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS
THE MANAGER: OMNIPOTENT OR SYMBOLIC?
1. In the symbolic view of management, managers are seen as directly responsible for an organization’s success or failure.
2. The current dominant assumption in management theory suggests that managers are omnipotent.
3. The view of managers as omnipotent is consistent with the stereotypical picture of the take-charge business executive who can overcome any obstacle in carrying out the organization’s objectives.
4. The symbolic view of management impact is useful in explaining the high turnover among college and professional sports coaches, who can be considered the “managers” of their teams.
5. In the omnipotent view of management, much of an organization’s success or failure is due to forces outside management’s control.
6. In the symbolic view of management, it is unreasonable to expect managers to have a significant effect on the organization’s performance.
7. In the omnipotent view of management, a manager’s role is to create meaning out of randomness, confusion, and ambiguity.
THE ORGANIZATION’S CULTURE
8. An organizational culture refers to a system of shared meaning.
9. Organizational cultures influence how employees behave in an organization.
10. Organizational culture is a perception, not reality.
11. Presently, there is no method for analyzing or assessing organizational culture.
12. Strong cultures have more influence on employees than do weak cultures.
13. An increasing body of evidence suggests that strong cultures are associated with high organizational performance.
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14. Compensation structures are considered to be a primary dimension of organizational culture.
15. Most organizations have very weak cultures.
16. An organization’s founder has little influence on its culture.
17. Rituals are repetitive sequences of activities that express and reinforce the key values of an organization.
18. Organizational stories typically contain a narrative regarding significant events or people.
19. Employee stock options are one example of a material symbol that might represent organizational culture.
20. The link between values and managerial behavior is fairly straightforward.
CURRENT ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ISSUES FACING MANAGERS
21. A strong ethical culture is likely to have a powerful positive influence on employee behavior.
22. Low risk tolerance generally leads to high ethical standards within an organization.
23. Companies that allow their employees freedom tend to encourage innovative cultures.
24. To encourage a customer-responsive culture, organizations should formalize and enforce strict customer service policies.
25. Customer service employees tend to provide better customer service when they are very clear about their employee roles.
26. To increase customer responsiveness, organizations should hire employees who are outgoing and friendly.
THE ENVIRONMENT
27. The part of the environment directly related to achievement of an organization’s goals is the specific environment.
28. The general environment refers to environmental factors operating inside an organization.
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29. Environmental uncertainty can be divided into two dimensions: degree of trust and degree of integration.
30. Because certainty is a threat to an organization’s effectiveness, managers try to minimize it.
31. The term suppliers includes providers of financial and labor inputs.
32. Industry conditions are an example of an organization’s general environment.
33. Economic conditions are part of the organization’s specific environment.
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
For each of the following choose the answer that most completely answers the question.
THE MANAGER: OMNIPOTENT OR SYMBOLIC?
34. Which of the following represent the two views of managerial impact on the success or failure of the organization? 35.
a. omnipotent and symbolic b. omnipotent and reflective c. symbolic and interactive d. reflective and interactive
36. The omnipotent view of management states that ________________. a. the top manager is the only person in charge
b. managers are directly responsible for an organization’s success or failure
c. that there is only one boss in the organization, and she or he is responsible for delegating orders
d. managers have little or no responsibility for an organization’s success or failure
37. The __________ view of management is consistent with the stereotypical picture of the take-charge business executive who can overcome any obstacle in carrying out the organization’s objectives. a. omnipotent b. symbolic c. functional d. systems
38. Which of the following most accurately reflects the symbolic view of management?
a. Managers are directly responsible for an organization’s success or failure.
b. Managers have little or no responsibility for an organization’s success or failure.
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c. External forces are directly responsible for an organization’s success or failure. d. Employees are directly responsible for an organization’s success or failure.
39. Internal constraints that restrict a manager’s decision options _______________. a. exist within every organization
b. do not exist, as all managers have decision-making discretion c. exist only to the extent that upper management imposes them d. exist only to the extent that followers won’t do as they are told
40. The current dominant assumption in management theory suggests _______________.
a. a balanced view of managers as symbolic and omnipotent b. an emphasis on the view that managers are symbolic c. an emphasis on the view that managers are omnipotent d. that both the symbolic and omnipotent views are obsolete
41. According to the symbolic view, managers have a(n) _____________ effect on substantive organizational outcomes. a. neutral b. controlling c. limited d. unlimited
42. Managers may be able to expand their areas of discretion by _______________.
a. telling their employees what to do
b. changing and influencing their organization’s culture and environment c. electing new government officials at the federal and state level d. changing employers and working for a different boss
43. The symbolic view of management is based upon the belief that managers symbolize _________. a. control and influence b. ambiguity and confusion c. stakeholders’ interests
d. decisions of top management
44. In reality, managers are most accurately viewed as _________. a. dominant over an organization’s environment b. neither helpless nor all powerful
c. powerless to influence an organization’s performance d. ultimately responsible for organizational outcomes
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管理学第9版练习题附答案3
