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初中英语八大时态语态总复习时态讲解
一般现在时态
【展示平台】
1 一般现在时态用来表示经常,反复,习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频率的副词sometimes(有时), often(经常), usually(通常), always(总是)等连用。时间状语in the morning/ afternoon/ evening(在上午/下午/晚上), every day/ week/ month/ year(每天/周/月/年, at noon/night(在中午/夜里), on Monday/Tuesday(在星期一/二)等也可用在一般现在时态中。如:
Bruce usually walks to school. 布鲁斯通常步行去上学。 We have two P.E classes every week. 我们每周上两节体育课。 2 表示现在的特征或状态。如:
She is always ready to help others. 她总是乐于助人。 He is 13 years old. 他13岁了。
3 表示事实或客观真理,或在谚语中,也用一般现在时。如:
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day. 太阳每天东升西落。
When there is a will, there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。 4 一般现在时的基本句型
1)肯定句:① 主语+动词原形+其他 ②主语(第三人称单数)+ 动词-s+ 其他 如:They live in China. 他们住在中国。
He likes eating apples. 他喜欢吃苹果。 2)否定句:① 主语+don’t+ 动词原形+其他
② 主语(第三人称单数)+doesn’t+ 动词原形+其他 如:They don’t live in China. 他们不住在中国。
He doesn’t like eating apples. 他不喜欢吃苹果。 3)一般疑问句:① Do+主语+动词原形+其他?
② Does+主语(第三人称单数)+ 动词原形+其他?
如:Do they live in China? 他们住在中国吗?
Does he like eating apples? 他喜欢吃苹果吗? 【相关链接】
当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词用第三人称的单数形式。谓语动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则如下:
1)一般在动词后直接加s。 如:talk –talks, live –lives。 2)以s, x., ch, sh或o结尾的动词在其后加es。如: watch –watches, wash –washes, go –goes。
3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变成i再加es。如: carry – carries, fly –flies。
4)特殊的,如:have的第三人称单数为has。 【牵手中考】
1. Bob often ______his mother with the housework on Sundays
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A. help B. helping C. helps D. helped
【解析】 根据题中的时间状语often和on Sundays 可判断该句应用一般现在时态。主语Bob是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词也应为单数加s,故选C。 2. —What did the teacher say just now?
—He said that the earth ________ round the sun. (福州) A. go B. goes C. went D. will go II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空:
1.I ________(write) to you as soon as I _______(get) to London.
2. He doean’t feel well and ____________(not eat) any food this morning.
3. He ______ not _______(see) me come in, for he ___________(read) something with great interest.
9. What ______ your mother _______(do) at eight yesterday evening? She _______(wash) clothes.
15. Will you come if he _____________ (not come)?
19. I don’t know if Mr.Wang ______ (go) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he _____ (go), I ______ (ask) him _______ (take) some books to my daughter, because she _______ (study) there. III单项选择:
1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _____ tomorrow. A.don’t rain B. doesn’t rain C. won’t rain 2. There _____ an English film next week.
A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going to be 5. They _____ the office at nine yesterday morning. A. reached to B. arrived C. went D. get to
6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _____ back next week. A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come 7. Don’t smoke until the plane ______ off.
A.takes B.took C.was taken D.is take 8. I saw her ____ the room this morning.
A.to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters 10. John is always ______ others. A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help
二、一般过去时:
概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
1 一般过去时态场用来表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间状语有:yesterday(昨天), last night(昨晚), last week(上个星期), four
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days ago(四天前), in 2002(在2002年), just now(刚才), the day before yesterday(前天)。如:
He went to the park yesterday. 她昨天去了公园。(表示过去某个时间发生的动作)
I was ten years old in 2003. 我2003年才10岁。(表示过去某个时间存在的状态)
2 表示过去习惯性的动作也用一般过去时。此时常和表示频率的副词:always(总是), often(经常), sometimes(有时)等连用。如:
He always went to school early last year. 他去年总是早早上学。 3 表达去世的人所做的事往往也用一般过去时。如:
Ying Zheng was the first king in China. 赢政是中国的第一个皇帝。 4 一般过去时态的构成
1)肯定句:主语+动词的过去式+其他
如:We enjoyed ourselves in the zoo yesterday. 我们昨天在动物园里玩得很高兴。
2)否定句:主语+didn’t +动词原形+其他
如:We didn’t enjoy ourselves in the zoo yesterday. 我们昨天在动物园里玩得不高兴。
3)一般疑问句:Did +主语+动词原形+其他
如:Did you enjoy yourselves in the zoo yesterday? 你们昨天在动物园里玩得高兴吗? 【相关链接】
在一般过去时态中会涉及到动词的过去式,大家要掌握规则动词的过去式的变化规则。变化规则如下:
1)一般情况下,在动词原形后直接ed 。如:play –played , look –looked 。 2)以e结尾的动词在其后加d。如:like –liked, use –used。
3)与辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变成i 再加ed。 如:carry – carried, marry - married。
4)以重读闭音节(或r音节)结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写这个辅音字母,再加ed。如: stop –stopped, prefer –preferred。 当然,刚才提到的都是规则动词的构成,我们还学过许多不规则动词的过去式形式。如:put –put, see –saw, eat –ate等,这些可需要我们在课下牢牢记住哟!
【牵手中考】
1.What ______ to her yesterday evening?
A. was happened B. happened C. happening D. happen 2. —Hi, Kate. You look tired. What’s the matter? —I________ well last night.
A. didn’t sleep B. don’t sleep C. hasn’t slept D. won’t sleep 3. —When ____ you _____ your old friends?
—The day before yesterday.
A. will; visit B. did; visit C. / ; visit D. have; visited 三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
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