职称英语考试《理工类》历年真题精选及
答案0514-24
1、We＇re happy to report that business is booming this year.【单选题】 A.failing B.open
C.successful D.risky
正确答案:C
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答案解析:题干大意：我们很高兴地宣布，今年的生意很兴隆。句中booming的意思是“兴旺的，繁荣的”，如：Port construction investigation is booming all over the country.（港口建设和投资的热潮正在全国范围内兴起。）failing：下降的；open：开放的；successful：成功的；risky：冒险的，如：Doctors say the operation is too risky.（医生表示这个手术风险太大。）因此，successful相对于其他选项更为合适。
2、African wild dog
Finding a babysitter while you go out to work is, for example, an inconvenience. For the African wild dog, one of the continent＇s most endangered carnivores （食肉动物), it＇s a matter of life and death. A new research shows that once packs (兽群) fall below a certain size, they are not enough animals to both hunt food and stay at home protecting the young.
The African wild dog has declined drastically over the past century. Habitual loss (栖息地的丧失), persecution and unexplained outbreaks of disease have all been blamed. Only 3,
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000 to5,000 animals remain, and the species is expected to go extinct within decades if the trend continues.
Other large carnivores such as the spotted hyena (鬣狗) face similar pressures, yet are not declining. Now Franck Courchamp of Cambridge University has found a reason why. The dog＇s weakness lies in its social organization.
Within each pack of up to 20 adults and pups, only the dominant male and female breed. The remaining animals help raise the pups, cooperating to hunt prey and defend the kill from other carnivores.
Because pups can＇t keep up on a hunt, large packs leave an adult behind to protect them from predators (捕猎者), which include lions and hyenas. But leaving a babysitter also carries costs. A smaller hunting party is less able to tackle large prey and to defend the kill. There is also one less stomach in which to carry food back to the den, and one more mouth to feed when they get there.
Courchamp investigated this awkward trade-off (权衡) by modeling how the costs of a babysitter change with decreasing pack size. This showed that packs of more than five adults should be able to feed all the pups and still spare a babysitter. But with
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smaller packs, either the hunting or the babysitting suffers, or the animals have to compensate by increasing the number of hunting excursions which itself carries a cost to the pack. Field observations in Zimbabwe supported the model. Packs of five animals or fewer left pups unguarded more frequently than larger packs did. There was also evidence that when they did leave a babysitter, they were forced to hunt more often. A pack which drops below a critical size becomes caught in a vicious circle (恶性循环), says Courchamp, who is now at Paris-Sud University. \reproduction and low survival further reduces pack size, culminating in (最终造成) failure of the whole pack. \may be what reduce pack numbers to below the sustamable threshold. Mammal ecologist Chris Carbone at London＇s Institute of Zoology agrees. Maintaining the integrity of wild dog packs will be vitalin preserving the species, he says. Steps will be taken to protect the African wild dog. 【单选题】 A.Right
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B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案:C
答案解析:文章最后一句话意思是“他说，保持非洲野狗群的完整对保护该物种是重要的”。但文章没有说将采取何种措施保护非洲野狗。
3、Wealth
Among the more colorful characters of Leadville＇s golden age were H. AW. Tabor and his second wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as \of the legends of the Old West. Horace Austin school teacher in Vermont. With his first wife and two children he left Vermont by covered wagon in 1855 to homestead in Kansas. Perhaps he did not find farming to his liking, or perhaps he was lured by rumors
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职称英语考试《理工类》历年真题精选及答案0514-24
