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全国2024年1月高等教育自学考试
英语阅读（二）试题
课程代码：00596
Ⅰ.Match the words from Column A with the definitions from Column B.(15%) A. 1.fasten 2.vaguely 3.utterly 4.gobble 6.probe
B.
A. eat very quickly B. not clearly felt C. fix firmly D. dark with clouds E. completely
F. animal living by killing and eating other animals space
8.overcast 9.figure 11.famine 13.migrate 15.salary
H. make sth. strong or stronger I. fixed regular pay J. moreover or in addition K. change one’s place of living L. fit or put together M. serious lack of food N. nearly, almost O. symbol for a number
5.strengthen
7.predator G. an apparatus sent into the sky to examine the conditions in outer
10.approximately 12.assemble 14.furthermore
Ⅱ. All the following sentences are taken from the textbook. Study each sentence carefully
and choose A,B,C or D that has the closest meaning to the underlined word or phrase.(15%)
1.What breathtaking impertinence to advertise 1p OFF your soap or washing powder or dog food or whatever. A. very disgusting C. excited
B. frightening
D. very unusual and astonishing B. freed...from pain D. made...comfortable
2.The person thanked me and put me completely at ease. A. brought...trouble C. made...nervous
3.Not only will these questions help you understand a person’s needs, you also strengthen rapport by showing concern and listening. A. peaceful atmosphere C. recognition
B. friendly relationship D. mutual understanding
4.Concentrated eye contact helps you listen more effectively, and customers intuitively respect
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people who look them in the eyes. A. consciously C. weakly
B. directly D. gradually B. in preparation D. in the way B. got free from D. given secretly
5.So exploration of the solar system is more or less underway. A. in progress C. moving away A. escaped from C. left
6....my wife had slipped me the housekeeping before going on holiday... 7.Errors occur because men grow tired and can be distracted. A. be cheated B. get confused
C. have their attention drawn away from what they are doing D. become anxious and restless
8.Regardless of their direction or form, computer developments and uses of the future will depend on the cleverness and skill of men. A. without respect for C. without worrying about A. surprised C. worried A. broken C. shot
B. without what happens to D. without being troubled by
9.Harry Paulinanas,23,also from Sydney, said he was still stunned hours after the attack. B. shocked D. unconscious B. scattered D. blown away
10.The windscreen and five of its windows had been shattered by the gunfire. 11.Inside,scores of Egyptian officials shouted orders and questions as they herded a crowd of frightened tourists into the restaurant. A. looked after C. drove
B. fed D. took B. complete D. undamaged B. front D. weak
12.As they filed by, they passed a bottle of water still intact that lay in a pool of blood. A. untouched C. broken A. injured C. broken
14.Radical groups have in the past targeted foreign tourists in an effort to cripple the country’s tourist industry. A. aimed at
13.Her frail legs were covered with shrapnel and glass wounds. B. directed towards
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C. shot at A. relaxing
D. made a goal of B. weakening D. becoming less tight
Reading Passage 1
15.The spate of shootings had appeared to be easing recently. C. feeling at home
Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(40%)
The range in frequencies of musical sounds is approximately 20－20,000 cycles per second(Hz).Some people can hear higher frequencies than others. Longitudinal(纵向的) waves whose frequencies are higher than those within the audible range are called ultrasonic frequencies. Ultrasonic frequencies are used in sonar for such purposes as submarine detection and depth finding. Ultrasonic frequencies are also being tried for sterilizing food since these frequencies kill some bacteria. Sound waves of all frequencies in the audible range travel at the same speed in the same medium. In the audible range, the higher the frequency of the sound the higher is the pitch. The term supersonic refers to speed greater than sound. An airplane traveling at supersonic speed is moving at a speed of sound in air at that temperature. Mach 1 means a speed equal to that of sound; Mach 2 means a speed equal to twice that of sound, etc.
Musical sounds have three basic characteristics: pitch, loudness, and quality or timbre. As was indicated above, pitch is determined largely by the frequency of the wave reaching the ear. The higher the frequency the higher is the pitch. Loudness depends on the amplitude of the wave reaching the ear. For a given frequency, the greater the amplitude of the wave the louder the sound. To discuss quality of sound we need to clarify the concept of overtones. Sounds are produced by vibrating objects; if these objects are given a gentle push, they usually vibrate at one definite frequency producing a pure tone. This is the way a tuning fork is usually used. When objects vibrate freely after a force is momentarily applied, they are said to produce their natural frequency. Some objects, like strings and air columns, can vibrate naturally at more than one frequency at a time. The lowest frequency which an object can produce when vibrating freely is known as the object’s fundamental frequency; other frequencies that the object can produce are known as its overtones. The quality of a sound depends on the number and relative amplitude of the overtones present in the wave reaching the ear.
1.The primary purpose of the passage is to ______. A. define the nature and quality of musical sounds B. analyze what gives a work of art its musical quality C. explain the applications of ultrasonic frequencies
D. explore the influence of wave length on musical appreciation
2.The style and content of this passage indicate that it is most likely an excerpt from ______. A. an informal article written for a popular magazine B. a scholarly monograph on aesthetics C. a college textbook on music theory
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D. a critique of music education at school
3.According to the author, the timbre of a musical sound is dependent on ______ A. amplitude C. overtones A. inaudible
B. frequency D. speed
B. excessively fast D. death rays
4.According to the passage, ultrasonic frequencies are ______. C. characterized by a great amplitude A. a helicopter pilot C. an astronaut
5.Which of the following individuals would be most likely to use terms like Mach 5 or Mach 9?
B. a musician
D. a submarine navigator Reading Passage 2
Writing being largely a self-taught occupation, texts on how to get about it—though great in number —seldom are of much use.
You try and fail. Then try again, and perhaps fail not quite so grievously. Until at last, if you have some aptitude for it, the failures become less frequent, or at any rate less noticeable.
It is this ability to conceal one’s defects that passes, finally, for accomplishment.
Along the way there are the discouragements of unkind criticism, outright rejection, nagging insecurity and intermittent inability to meet debts.
It is uncommon, therefore, to come across a book containing advice of much practical value for anyone toying with the dangerous idea of embarking on a writing life.
An acquaintance recently loaned me such a book, however-one I wish I’d had the luck to read years ago, and which I would commend to any young person bent on making a career of words. It is the slender autobiography of the English novelist Anthony Trollope, first published in 1883,the year after his death.
Needing some means to support himself, Trollope at the age of 19 signed on as a junior clerk in the British postal service. He was at his desk at 5∶30 each morning to write for three hours. And he remained in the mail service 33 years, long after reputation and prosperity had come to him.
Now, what of his advice?
1.For safety’s sake, arm yourself with some other skills, some other line of work to fall back on. That way, failure at writing, though the disappointment may be keen, will not mean utter ruin.
2.Do not depend overly much on inspiration. Writing is a craft, which Trollope compared to the craft of shoemaking. The shoemaker who has just turned out one pair of his shoes sets to work immediately on the next pair.
3.Have a story to tell, but, more important than that, people with characters who will speak and move as living creatures in the reader’s mind. Without memorable characters, story alone is noting.
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4.Meet your deadlines. Life is endlessly “painful and troublesome” for writers who can’t finish their work on time.
5.Do not be inflated by praise. And, above all, do not be crushed by criticism.
6.Understand the risks of writing for a living.“The career, when successful, is pleasant enough certainly; but when unsuccessful, it is of all careers the most agonizing.” 6.In this passage the author mainly discusses ______. A. the difficulties and risks of making a career of words B. the futility of instructions contained in writing manuals C. the autobiography of the 19th English novelist Anthony Trollope D. sound advice provided in A. Trollope’s autobiography
7.From the context we can figure out that the phrase “pass for”(Para. 3) means ______. A.“pose as”
B.“be accepted as” D.“act as”
C.“be equal to”
8.According to the author, writing ______.
A. is basically a self-taught occupation and no instructions on how to deal with it are of any practical use
B. is a “trial and error” process and it does not count whether you have the gift for writing or not C. for a living is the most difficult and risky of all careers,full of frustration and discouragement. D. sometimes provides good hopes of winning public praise and escaping humiliating poverty 9.The author admires A.Trollope particularly for ______. A. his brilliance
B. his diligence D. his pragmatism
B. a writer D. a publisher Reading Passage 3
A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identically the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.
A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic(施虐性的) impulses. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often guilty of cruelty than those who had not. Aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses every child has and, on the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge seems to be rather a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are, I think, well-authenticated cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises from the child having heard the story once.
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C. his precaution
10.From the passage we may infer that the author is most probably ______. A. an instructor of writing C. an educator
1月全国自考英语阅读(二)试题及答案解析
