2020-2021高考英语备考之阅读理解压轴突破训练∶培优篇含答案解析

Road trip

Motorhome delivery offers great family holidays. For just $1 a day, you can hire a fully-equipped motorhome, which you deliver to a specific destination within some days and kilometers. You then hire another one to get home or take a bus or train. Your only other expense will be fuel and about $20 a day for parking fees. To learn more, visit apollocamper.com. Plan ahead

For a comfortable break, flexibility with times, dates and places helps lower the cost. Find a few hotels you like, ask about their vacant rooms, then wait a few weeks and call again. If they still have rooms, you're at an advantage to ask for a better price. Lots of last-minute deals are online. Watif (watif.com.au) has deals on hotels that have dropped their prices so slow. You don't know where you're staying until it's booked, but anywhere with four or five stars has to be fairly good. Back to nature

Wild camping appeals to nature lovers and costs nothing. This is forbidden on beaches and parks in most urban areas, but you can turn up in more distant area as long as nobody owns the land. You'll need to take everything with you and may need to shop on eBuy (ebuy.com.au). If you're a camping beginner, be aware of safety measures and get your questions answered on the Internet. Swap meet

How about a home swap? For a $250 yearly joining cost, you can stay in someone's home in an international place of your choice while they or someone else stays in yours. Find out more at familylink.com.au.

（1）Where can you get the information about motorhomes?

A. familylink.com.au. B. watif.com.au. C. apollocamper.com. D. ebuy.com.au. （2）What's the advice for camping beginners?

A. Take only what you need. B. Stay away from no-man's land. C. Keep in touch with eBuy. D. Watch out for possible dangers. （3）What helps to pay less for rooms in a hotel?

A. Waiting for some time before booking. B. Choosing hotels with four or five stars. C. Deciding on rooms as early as possible. D. Bargaining prices through the Internet. （4）What's the purpose of the text? A. To show the advantages of online service. B. To teach the importance of running away from work. C. To help people have fun at less expense. D. To introduce new destinations for nature lovers. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，提供了几种节省游玩花费的方式。

（1）考查细节理解。根据 Road trip部分中的”To learn more, visit apollocamper.com.“可知，如果要了解motorhomes的相关信息可以浏览此网站。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据 Back to nature部分中的”If you're a camping beginner, be aware of safety measures and get your questions answered on the Internet.“可知，如果你是首次露营，要注意安全问题，如果有疑问一定要在网上问清楚。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据 Plan ahead部分中的”Find a few hotels you like, ask about their vacant rooms, then wait a few weeks and call again. If they still have rooms, you're at an advantage to ask for a better price.“可知，找到想预定的房间后，再等几周进行预定会节省不少费用。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据Road trip部分中的”For just $1 a day, you can hire a fully-equipped motorhome, “一美元一天租用装备完全的motorhome；Plan ahead部分中的”If they still have rooms, you're at an advantage to ask for a better price.“用更少的钱预定房间； Back to nature部分中的”Wild camping appeals to nature lovers and costs nothing“不花钱露营； 和Swap meet部分中的”For a $250 yearly joining cost, you can stay in someone's home in an international place of your choice“250美元一年交换房子居住。可知，本文的主要目的是介绍几种可以花费很低费用的游玩方式。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Hi, I'm Neil Harbisso. I come from a place where the sky is always grey, where flowers are always grey, and where television is still in black and white.

I actually come from a world where color doesn't exist. I was born with achromatopsia. I was born completely color-blind. So I've never seen color, and don't know what it looks like. But since the age of 21, I can hear color thanks to a magic electronic eye called \between my eyes connected to a chip(芯片) installed at the back of my head that transforms color frequencies into sound frequencies that I hear through my bone.

I've had the electronic eye permanently attached to my head and I've been listening to colors nonstop since 2004. So I find it completely normal now to hear colors all the time.

Since I started to hear color, my life has changed significantly. Art galleries have become concert halls. I can hear a Picasso. And supermarkets have become like night clubs. I love how they sound.

My sense of beauty has changed. Someone might look very beautiful but sound terrible, and someone might sound very harmonious but look awful. So I find it really exciting to create sound portraits(画像) of people. Instead of drawing the shape of someone's face I write down the different notes I hear when I look at them, and then I send them an mp3 of their face. Each face sounds different. I can even give face concerts now, concerts where I play the audience's faces. The good thing about doing this is that if the concert doesn't sound good, it's their fault. I also found out that things I thought were colorless are not colorless at all. Cities are not grey. Lisbon is yellow turquoise(宝石绿); London is very golden red…and humans are not black and white. Human skins range from light shades of orange to very dark shades of orange. We are all orange.

If we extend our senses, we will consequently extend our knowledge.

（1）We can infer from the article that people with achromatopsia ____________. A. suffer from blindness B. have a good sense of colors

C. are not able to see colors D. like to go to concert halls and supermarkets （2）What does the author mean by saying \ A. Art galleries have been changed into various sounds. B. Works at the art galleries are created by great musicians. C. Art galleries are filled with noisy people.

D. The author now likes art galleries as much as concert halls. （3）Which of the following statements is NOT correct? A. Neil developed a rare disease in his childhood. B. The eyeborg produces sounds based on shades of colors. C. Neil will use the eyeborg for the rest of his life. D. In Neil's mind, all people are orange.

（4）What is the best title for the passage?

A. Eyeborg–a real life saver. B. I listen to color.

C. Sense the world. D. Art galleries turned into concert halls. 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）A （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，从小患有色盲的作者，利用颜色传感器来听自己看不见的颜色，从而形成了作者与众不同的美感。作者认为如果我们扩展我们的感官，我们将因此扩展我们的知识。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“I actually come from a world where color doesn't exist. I was born with achromatopsia. I was born completely color-blind.”我来自一个没有颜色的世界。我生来患有色盲。我生来就是色盲。可推断，患有色盲的人是看不见颜色的。故选C。

（2）考查句义猜测。根据第四段中的“Since I started to hear color, my life has changed significantly.”自从我开始听到颜色，我的生活发生了巨大的变化；以及空后“I can hear a Picasso.”我能听见毕加索的声音。可知作者说\艺术画廊变成了音乐厅\意思是对作者来说，艺术画廊已经变成了各种各样的声音。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I actually come from a world where color doesn't exist. I was born with achromatopsia. I was born completely color-blind.”我来自一个没有颜色的世界。我生来患有色盲。我生来就是色盲。可知A选项\尼尔小时候得了一种罕见的疾病。\错误。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的“I've had the electronic eye permanently attached to my head and I've been listening to colors nonstop since 2004. So I find it completely normal now to hear colors all the time.”我把电子眼固定在头上，从2004年开始我就不停地听彩色音乐。所以我发现现在一直听到颜色是完全正常的。以及文章主要内容为生来是色盲的作者讲述自

己听颜色的事情，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Researchers in Australia have discovered an effective new method to capture the atmospheric carbon dioxide that is damaging our planet and transform it into something solid, making it much easier to store.

Carbon capture isn't new, but previous methods call for the gas to be compressed into liquid and then injected underground. Widespread usage of that technology has been locked by economic and environmental concerns due to possible leaks. Instead, in a study published in Nature Communications, the group details their sustainable and cost-effective plan for transforming CO2 into coal.

This new process involves a liquid metal catalyst(催化剂)that is efficient in conducting electricity. CO2 gas is dissolved in a container with some liquid. Once electricity charge is introduced, the CO2 begins to turn into solid pieces of carbon, which can be collected and stored. What makes this particularly unique is that the entire process can occur at room temperature. Previous experiments have only shown a gas to solid conversion at extremely high temperature, which made it impossible on a large scale. Now, the researchers are hoping that their work will be used to create even further when it comes to carbon storage.

In an interesting side benefit, the solid carbon also works as an electrode(焊条), which opens up a world of possibilities. \charge, becoming a super battery, so it could potentially be used as a part in future vehicles,\explains Dr. Dorna Estrafilzadeh, a researcher. \which could also have industrial applications.\

（1）What can we know about the previous carbon capture methods? A. People have to inject liquid to the gas. B. The previous methods can be done easily. C. The previous methods are not very popular. D. People have widely accepted previous methods. （2）What is the special part of the new method? A. It needs electricity to make the process efficient. B. It can be done in any kind of container. C. It doesn't need extreme temperature. D. It can produce much solid carbon.

（3）What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The method will make fossil oil disappear. B. The method will influence the future industry.

C. The method will make developed countries more powerful. D. The method will be used to make new vehicles.

（4）What is the best title for the passage? A. How to change carbon into CO2. B. A new carbon capture technology. C. A new technology to get useful carbon. D. Australia makes the world cleaner than before. 【答案】 （1）C （2）C （3）B （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的碳捕获技术的原理，优点和对未来工业的影响。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Widespread usage of that technology has been locked by economic and environmental concerns due to possible leaks.”可知之前技术的广泛应用受到了经济和环境方面的限制。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“What makes this particularly unique is that the entire process can occur at room temperature.”可知新技术独特的地方是整个过程可以在室温条件下进行。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“which opens up a world of possibilities； it could potentially be used as a part in future vehicles和 which could also have industrial applications”可知这种技术的产物开辟了很多新的可能，可以被变成超级电池为未来车辆供能，过程中的副产品可以作为燃料应用到工业中，由此推测该技术会对未来的工业产生巨大影响。故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Researchers in Australia have discovered an effective new method to capture the atmospheric carbon dioxide ”和下文讲述的内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新的碳捕获方法的原理和优点及其影响。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

Families around the country are finding new options for their children's midday meal thanks to a growing number of delivery options catering to students. Kiddos Catering in Chicago adopts a method of providing restaurant meals to schools that contract with it. Owner Michelle Moses and her staff work with area restaurants to create a variety of kid-friendly choices and deliver the meals to the schools five days a week. Parents select the lunches from an online order form that lists the day's featured restaurant and its menu choices.

\choice to kids.\toss out restaurant food than a packed lunch, Ms. Moses said. The schools appreciate that Moses handles the ordering, payment, pickup, and food distribution in the cafeteria. \really