教学目标
1. 掌握本篇阅读表达中出现的高频词及长难句。
2. 掌握阅读表达的解题技巧, 并能够指出本篇阅读表达中运用到的解题技巧。
3. 通过阅读表达高频词、长难句等语料的积累, 及阅读表达解题技巧的练习, 灵活应对各种阅读表达习题。
名师点拨
知识篇 “巧妇难为无米之炊”, 在英语学习的过程中, 语料的积累至关重要。对于阅读表达高频词和长难句的梳理, 能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。 亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句, 快看看你掌握了吗? 高频词(课前检测学生的词汇量储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。)
单词/短语 词性 shyness frightened n. adj. 羞怯,害羞 受惊的,害怕的 stop…from doing according to generally childhood adv. n. 根据,按照 一般地,通常 童年,儿童时期 confident comfortable adj. adj. 有信心的 舒适的,安逸的 n. confidence 阻止…做某事 adj. shy 词义 拓展 优 掌握情况 良 差 attitude instead of n. 态度 代替,而不是 长难句(课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。)
1. Shy people sometimes thin that meeting new people means having to do a lot of taling.
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句意:害羞的人有时认为会见新朋友意味着要说很多话。
本句中包含着一个由that引导的宾语从句作thin的宾语,在宾语从句中动名词短语meaning new people作句子的主语。
2. Build your confidence and change your attitude towards meeting new people instead of worrying about how they will thin of you, and thin about what are good points you hope to find in the new person you will meet.
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句意:建立你的自信,改变你对见新朋友的态度,而不是担心他们会怎样想你,要思考你希望从要会见的新朋友身上发现什么优点。
本句较长,句中包含短语instead of“代替,而不是”,短语前后是两种观点态度,要分析清楚句子结构。
方法篇 “方法得当, 事半功倍。”只有语料的积累, 没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于阅读表达解题方法的梳理, 能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读表达的命题逻辑, 在有足够语料积累的基础上, 能够帮助我们争取高分。 亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你精心整理了阅读表达的解题技巧, 快看看你掌握了多少? 一、阅读表达解题步骤 第一步 认真审题,读懂题意 做题时我们应先阅读所给的任务,明确任务是什么,再带着任务去阅读材料,这样就能做到心中有数,有针对性的去读,并能提高阅读效率。 第二步 第三细读题目,完成任务 快速浏览,掌握大意 明确任务后,应迅速阅读全文了解文章主要内容,以及文章的感情基调,作者的意图、态度倾向。 泛读全文之后,就可以采用“跳读”的方式寻找细节在原文中的对步 第四步 二、阅读表达解题技巧
复读文章,核实任务 应,“跳读”的目的就是为细节寻找答案。 完成所有任务后,还应结合题目再把全文通读一遍,认真核实答案,要注意句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓一致等。 在阅读表达题型中,要求学生在阅读理解的基础上,去完成一项任务或解决一个问题,主要考察学生捕捉信息的能力,综合概括信息的能力和组织信息的能力。接下将从细节题,是非题,主旨题和活用题四种题型的解题技巧进行讲解。 题型 解题技巧 设题方式 1. What is the writer’s question in Letter A? 2. Where were the researchers from? 3. Who can help shy people? 4. Why did Burton decide to have the slides painted? 5. When was Burton Holmes born? 6. How are parents’ jobs different from children’s jobs according to Letter A. 典题精析 On November 30, 1906, George Bidder dropped a bottle from a boat into the North Sea. The weighted glass bottle san almost to the sea floor, and then it move slowly for 108 years and 138 days. 问题:How long did the weighted glass bottle move in the sea? 解析:本题为细节题。题干意为“这个玻璃瓶在海里移动了多长时间?”,根据关键词“the weighted glass bottle move in the sea”可将答案锁定在第一段第二句中“The weighted glass bottle san almost to the sea floor, and then it move slowly for 108 years and 138 days.”,故填“For 108 years and 138 days”。 答案:For 108 years and 138 days. 题型 解提问形式为一般疑问句,首先锁定范围,在范围内划出依据,然后使用Yes / No作答。 题型二:是非题 细节题一般对人,事,地点,时间,原因及方式等进行提问,首先要审清题目要求,然后找出题目在文中出现的对应段落,直接作答或用自己的话进行转述。 题型一:细节题 题技巧 设题方式 典题精析 1. Do parents have homewor according to letter B? 2. Is being shy always a big problem according to the passage? 3. Could Francis and Craig read the “map” of DNA in 2000? 4. Will the step-by-step guide show you how to start a club? Its journey ended when Marianne Winler found the bottle in 2015. Winler was then on vacation on Amrum Island. She piced up the bottle when it was washed up onto the beach. She saw a piece of paper inside, but didn’t brea it open. She could tell that the bottle was old. So she didn’t want to damage it. 问题:Did Marianne Winler find the bottle in 2015? 解析:本题为是非题。题干意为“Marianne Winler是在2015年发现这个瓶子的吗?”,根据第二段第一句Its journey ended when Marianne Winler found the bottle in 2015.可以判定答案是肯定的,故填“Yes”。 答案:Yes. 题型 解题技巧 抓住文章结构,先总后分,先分后总还是总分总,确定总写在篇首还是篇尾,然后作答。如果不符合上述几种情况,则综合全文或段落,用自己的话进行概括。中考阅读表达中的主旨大意题一般由两点或三点构成,常用的句型有: 1. 介绍某个物体,新兴事物或抽象概念时:What……is. 2. 介绍某个人物时:Who……is. 3. 介绍做某事的方法时:How to do …… / How…… 4. 介绍某事物的优/缺点时:The benefits / advantages / disadvantages of …… 例1. What is the passage mainly about? 解答:What shyness is and how to deal with it. 例2. What is the main idea of the passage? 解答:How to run a studio system? 例3. What is the passage mainly about? 解答:Who Andrew Matthews is and his boo. 题型三:主旨题 设题方式 1. What is the passage mainly about? 2. What does the writer mainly tell us in passage? 3. What is the main idea of paragraph 4? 4. What do you learn from this story? 5. What is the purpose of this passage? 典题精析 Scientists now understand that a fire can be a natural part of a healthy forest. As a result, countries lie Australia allow more fires to burn naturally. Sometimes, fire fighters even start fires to get rid of(去除)dead wood. Of course, they carefully control the fires. The fire thins out old trees. This allows sunlight to reach the ground. As a result, fires help new trees to grow. Therefore, if a fire is not a serious threat(威胁)to people, firefighters may let it burn naturally. 问题:What is the main idea of paragraph 4? 解析:本题为段落主旨题。题干意为“第四段的主要意思是什么?”,根据第四段段首句可知“澳大利亚允许更多的火自然燃烧”,而后面的内容解释的是这样做的原因是保持森林健康,综合这两点并运用in order to短语即可得出正确答案,应填“In order to eep forests healthy, some fires may be allowed to burn naturally.”。 答案:In order to eep forests healthy, some fires may be allowed to burn naturally. 题型 解题技巧 设题方式 典题精析 I thin it’s only fair that teenagers help out a bit at home. They might not lie it, but it’s good for them. It teaches them how to loo after themselves. This is really useful when __________.(北京朝阳期末) 问题:What can be filled in the blan(空白)at the end of letter B? 解析:本题为活用题。题干意为“在letter B结尾的空白处能够填什么?”,这类题的答案比较灵活,1. Do you thin the selfie is good? Why? 2. What can be filled in the blan(空白)at the end of letter B? 主观性最强,需要准确把握主旨,围绕文章的中心观点列出要点,扩点成句,进行润色,但要注意不能不着边际,离题万里。 题型四:活用题