英语24字整体教学
课堂探究
1.I cannot bear the smell of______on the barbecue. 我不能忍受烤肉架上______的气味。
考点:bear v.忍受;忍耐;负担;生长着(果实) He could not bear that his friends should laugh at him. 他受不了朋友们竟也嘲笑他。
Do parents have to bear the whole tuition fees? 父母是否应当承担全部学费? 阅读下列句子,归纳bear的用法 ①I can't bear having pet dogs in the house. 我不能忍受家里有宠物狗。
归纳:bear后可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语。 ②She can't bear to be looked down upon by others. 她无法忍受被人瞧不起。
归纳:bear后可以跟动词不定式作宾语。 考点延伸 1)阅读下列句子,指出bear的含义 ③She has borne five children.她生了五个孩子。 含义:生育
④This tree bears no fruit.这棵树不结果实。 含义:结(实)果
⑤This letter bore his signature.这封信上有他的签名。 含义:显示,带有
2)阅读下面的句子,指出与bear搭配的短语及含义
⑥You must bear it in mind that your parents hope to depend on you to become a good doctor.
你要记住你的父母指望你成为一名好医生。 短语:bear_sth_in_mind 含义:记住某事
3)辨析bear,endure,stand,tolerate与put up with
bear强调忍受者对痛苦、忧虑、烦恼以及责任的承受力,常用于否定句中。
endure 指经受长期的艰难、困苦或折磨而不屈服,强调持久力和意志坚强,常用于否定句中。
stand强调不屈不挠或经受得起,常用于否定句中。
tolerate指忍受某人或某种行为而不反抗,语气最弱,可用于肯定句和否定句中。 put up with与tolerate意义相近,有“不计较,将就”之意。
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英语24字整体教学
注意:borne和born是bear的两个过去分词,表示“出生,出自”时用born,并且仅用于被动式。表示“生育”时用borne。 即学即用 语法填空
1)I can put up ______ the house being untidy,but I hate it if it's not clean. 2)You must bear it ______ mind that laughter is a greater releaser of tension. 3)He can't bear ______(laugh)at.
4)These hills and fields are most beautiful,with many small and clear rivers,and rich fields ______(bear)fruit and grain.
答案:1)with 2)in 3)being laughed 4)bearing 2.Grammar过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法
过去分词(the Past Participle)是非谓语动词的一种重要形式。过去分词除了和助动词be/have/had 等连用之外,还具有形容词和副词的词性。故可在句中作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语等。
1)过去分词及过去分词短语作定语
阅读下列句子,指出句中的定语,并归纳其用法
①Most of the students invited to the garden party came from our school. 大部分被邀请参加游园会的学生来自于我们的学校。 定语:invited_to_the_garden_party
归纳:过去分词与所修饰的名词构成被动关系。 ②My parents are both retired teachers. 我的父母都是退休教师。 定语:retired
归纳:如果过去分词是不及物动词,分词所表示的动作与所修饰的名词不构成逻辑上的被动关系,而只是强调这个动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。
③You should improve your spoken English. 你应该提高你的英语口语。 定语:spoken
归纳:单独的过去分词作定语时,常常置于其所修饰的名词前。 ④He is a teacher respected by all his students. 他是一个学生们都尊敬的老师。 定语:respected_by_all_his_students
归纳:过去分词短语作定语时,常常置于其所修饰的名词后。
2)过去分词作表语
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英语24字整体教学
过去分词作表语时总是用在系动词之后,构成系表结构,表示主语所处的状态。 阅读下列句子,指出句子的表语,并归纳其用法 ⑤The cup which my father gave me is broken. 我父亲给我的茶杯破了。 表语:broken
归纳:及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,既表示被动,又表示完成。
⑥The stick which looks black is burnt. 这根看起来是黑色的木棒燃烧过了。 表语:burnt
归纳:不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,只表示动作的完成。
注意:这种系表结构和被动结构相同,但后者表示主语所承受的动作。 试比较:This lake is badly polluted. 这个湖受到了严重污染。(系表结构) This lake is badly polluted by a paper mill. 这个湖被一家造纸厂严重污染了。(被动结构) This book is well written. 这本书写得很好。(系表结构) This book was written by Lu Xun. 这本书是鲁迅写的。(被动结构) 3)过去分词作宾语补足语
作宾语补足语的过去分词一般是及物动词,和宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。可以跟过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有:
(1)see,hear,watch,feel,think,find等表示感觉和心理状态的动词。 (2)make,get,have,leave等表示“致使”意义的动词。 (3)like,want,wish,order等表示“希望,要求”意义的动词。 (4)“with+宾语+过去分词”结构。 语法填空,并译成中文
⑦I heard my name called(call)when I was walking in the street. 翻译:当我走在街上时,我听到有人叫我的名字。 ⑧I found my wallet stolen(steal)when I got home. 翻译:我到家时发现钱包被偷了。
⑨You shouldn't leave your work undone(undo).
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英语24字整体教学
翻译:你不应放着工作不做。
⑩He won't like such questions answered(answer)in this way. 翻译:他不希望这些问题以这种方式被回答。 ?With water heated(heat),we can see the steam. 翻译:水被加热时,我们会看到水蒸气。
?She stood in front of him,with her eyes fixed(fix)on his face. 翻译:她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他。 即学即用 语法填空
1)Ten years later,when the mother and her daughter met again,______(excite)tears came into their eyes.
2)Greatly ______(touch) by his words,the boy went up to his teacher,and said “sorry”. 3)Claire had her luggage ______(check)an hour before her plane left. 4)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______(lose)for words. 5)Alexander tried to get his work ______(recognize)in the medical circles.
6)I'm calling to enquire about the position ______(advertise)in yesterday's China Daily. 翻译句子
7)快点,时间不多了。
________________________________________________________________________ 8)那个被烧伤的男孩怕火。
________________________________________________________________________ 9)看完信后,他看起来很忧虑。
________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1)excited 2)touched 3)checked 4)lost 5)recognized 6)advertised 7)Hurry up.There is little time left. 8)The burnt boy is afraid of fire.
9)He looked worried after reading the letter.
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