专题02 代词和介词
I.单项填空
1.【2024·天津卷·单项填空】3.A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than _________who are not. A. ones C. these 【答案】B
【解析】考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词与the students是对应关系，可以用
the ones或者those替代。“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词，
B。
B. those D. them
不能与the students形成对应关系。“these一般不用定语从句修饰。故选”
2.【2024·江苏卷·单项填空】27.Favorable policies are ___________ to encourage employees' professional development. A. in effect 【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升。
B. in command指挥；C. in turn轮流，依次；D. in shape在外形上，处于良好的状态。故选3.【2024·北京】14. —Good morning, Mr. Lee
—Good morning. IA. for
B. on
C. in
’s office.
A. in effect实际上；
A。
B. in command
C. in turn
D. in shape
’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.D. at
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词。句意：
——早上好，Lee先生办公室。——早上好。我想预约下周三下午（和
A选项正确。
Mr. Lee见
面）。make an appointment for意为“为……预约”，是固定搭配，故
4.【2024·天津】11. Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ___________. A. at first C. above all 【答案】B
【解析】考查介词短语辨析及语境理解。句意：鲍勃认为他不能去参加聚会，因为他不得不写一份报告，
但他终究去了。A. at first起初；B. after all毕竟，终究。C. above all首先；D. at random随便地。根据前面的
B. after all D. at random
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转折连词可知，与前面情况相反，故选5.【2024·江苏】33. Chinaglobally. A. in line with C. in return for 【答案】A
B. in reply to D. in honour of
B。
’s soft power grows _______ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China
【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：中国的软实力增长与日俱增全球对中国的赏识和理解
相一致。A. in line with按照；与...一致；B. in reply to答复；C. in return for作为... 的报酬；D. in honour of为纪念。故选A。
6.【2017·天津卷】12. When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be _____ trees that are over 1,000 years old. A. among 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：
句意：当你开车穿过加州的红木森林时，你将会位于超过百年历史的树木之间。be against 反对；be behind 在后面；
be below在之下。根据句意，故选
A。
be among 位
B. against
C. behind
D. below
于之间；
7.【2017·天津卷】13. We offer an excellent education to our students. ________, we expect students to word hard. A. On average 【答案】C【解析】
试题分析：句意：我们给我们的学生们提供极好的教育，作为回报，我们期待我们的学生们努力学习。A. 平均起来，一般说来
B. 最多，充其量
C. 作为汇报
D. 毕竟，终究。根据句意故选
C。
B. At best
C. in return
D. After all
8.【2017·江苏卷】32.Determining where we are _______ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
A. in contrast to 【答案】D
【解析】考查介词短语的辨析。
A. in contrast to对比，截然不同；
B. in defense of为……辩护；C. in face
B. in defense of
C. in face of
D. in relation to
of面对；D. in relation to与……有关。句意：根据周围的环境辨别方位仍然是我们生存的一项极其重要的技能。故选D。
9.【2017·北京卷】35. Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry.
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A. at 【答案】B
B. in C. on D. by
【解析】许多住在海边上的人都是靠渔业来谋生的。此处用介词来谋生，此处是指在捕鱼这个行业里，在这个行业里谋生，用
in,不用by,因为by后面通常接做什么事情in，故选B。
10.【2016·浙江】3. In many ways , the education system in the US is not very different from ____in the UK. A. that 【答案】A
【解析】句意：在很多方面，美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系很不相同。用that，而且后面有介词短语作后置定语。的名词。故选
A。
指代上文的名词
education system，it是特指上文提到
B. this
C. one
D. it
This表示“近指”，one是泛指可数名词单数，
11.【2016·天津】2. The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published. A. out of control 【答案】B
【解析】句意：这本字典过时了：自从它被出版，很多单词被增加到这个语言中。C看不见的；D.够不着的。根据句意，故选
B。
A.失去控制；B.过时的；
B. out of date
C. out of sight
D. out of reach
12.【2016·浙江】6.That young man is honest , cooperative , always there when you need his help .______, he's reliable. A. Or else 【答案】B
【解析】句意：这个年轻人是诚实的，有合作精神的，当你需要他的帮助的时候，总是在那里。简言之，他是可靠的。A.否则；B.简言之；C.顺便说一下；D.首先。故选B。
13.【2016·浙江】7. The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _______influence the basic processes by which we see world around us. A. on 【答案】B
【解析】句意：研究表明我们成长的文化影响我们看周围世界的基本过程。省略that，定语从句中
cultures作宾语，那么还缺少一个介词，和
The cultures后面是定语从句，
B. in
C. at
D. about
B. In short
C. By the way
D. For one thing
cultures搭配用介词in，故选B。
14. [2015·福建卷] The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but________ contained any useful suggestions.
A. all
B. none
C. either
D. neither
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【答案】D
【解析】句意：基于这项调查，研究小组制作了两份报告，但是这两份报告都没有包含任何有用的建议。all(三者或三者以上)全都；none(三者或三者以上)都不；either两者中的任何一个；
neither两者都不。
15．[2015·四川卷] Niki is always full of ideas，but ________ is useful to my knowledge.
A．nothing C．neither 【答案】D
【解析】nothing没有什么；no one没有人；neither两者都不；none(其中)没有一个。句意：Niki总是有很多的主意，但据我所知，没有一个是有用的。根据句意可知选16. [2015陕西卷·] To warm himself, the sailor
A. another C. other 【答案】B【解析】所填词表示
“两者中的另一个”，即两脚中的另一只脚，用
the other，故选B。句意：为了给自己取
B. the other D. either
D。
B．no one D．none
sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against________．
暖，这位海员坐在火堆前面，光着的双脚相互摩擦着。
17. [2015天津卷·] The quality of education in this small school is better than ________ in some larger schools.
A. that B. one 【答案】A
【解析】句意：这个小型学校的教学质量比一些大一点的学校的教学质量要好。quality of education。
”
________ if you were watching your favourite TV programme and
that代替上文提到的“The
C. it D. this
18．[2015·浙江卷] How would you like
someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?
A．them C．those 【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果你正在看你最喜爱的电视节目，而此时有人进来，连问都不问你，就把电视关掉了，你的感受会如何？这里用名词或不可数名词
it来指代后面if引导的宾语从句，所以选
it。it和that都可以替代“the＋单数可数
that指前面提到的“同类”事物。one
B．one D．it
”，都是特指，但it指代前面提到的“同一”事物，而
替代“ａ＋可数名词单数”，表示泛指。特指的the one相当于that；the one的复数形式the ones在口语中也常
用those代替；当后面有of短语时，一般用that或those；当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)，如the red one。
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one(s), the one(s), those, that都是替代“同类”事物，其中只有that可替代不可数名词。
19. [2015重庆卷·] The meeting will be held in September, but________ knows the date for sure.
A. everybody C. anybody 【答案】B【解析】句中的
but提示尽管会议定在九月份，但具体日期没人确切知晓。
animals both on land and sea?
D. over
B. nobody D. somebody
20.【2015·浙江】3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes
A. about
【答案】
B
B. to
C. with
【解析】句意：你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家？home to sth 固定搭配，是什么的家园的意
You have ever heard
思。该句是一个疑问句，其中还含有一个定语从句。比如这个句子转化为陈述句应该是of the trees that are homes trees are homes II.语法填空
animals both on land and sea? 然后把定语从句单独拿出来看将会是
to。
animals both on land and sea. 根据固定搭配自然知道答案是
1.【2024·新课标I卷·语法填空】Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform 【答案】of/for
【解析】考查介词用法。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定语，用of 连接，“methods of doing sth.意为”，“……的方法”，构成固定结构。或者意为
“对于跟踪北极熊的方法
”用for。故填of/for。
(perform) consistently over a large area.
2.【2024·新课标III卷·语法填空】We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogs，seven to be exact.【答案】of 【解析】考查介词。
“a pack of意为”“一群”。故填of。
3.【2024·浙江卷·语法填空】But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ___61___ this question is not clear.【答案】to
【解析】考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。故填to。
4.【2024·北京卷·语法填空】First celebrated ___5___ 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区).
5
the key/answer to ...这是固定搭配，“……的答案是……”。
2024年高考英语精选考点专项突破2代词和介词 pdf
