1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and ________work.
【解析】此处是指“当他们来回上下班时”。考生平时多用from...to...连接起始点，而本题涉及同一个地点，表示往返，一些考生由于没有掌握to和from的用法而误填其它介词。 【答案】from
2.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India，for example，most people traditionally eat ________their hands. 【解析】用手吃饭，应用介词with。 【答案】with
3.(2016·四川卷)The mother continued to care for the young panda ________more than two years. 【解析】考查短语for＋时间段，故应用介词for。 【答案】for
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree ________ engineering or architecture.
【答案】in
5.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Most of us are more focused ________our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.
【解析】focused on集中于，故填on。 【答案】on
6．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road. ______________
【解析】in the middle of意为“在……的中间”，故把on改为of。此处为“道路的中央”，表示所属关系，而on后跟地点表示“在……上面”。此题只要熟悉介词本意就不存在解题的障碍。 【答案】on→of
7．(2016·新课标Ⅰ)My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.
【解析】dream后加of 句意：我叔叔说他从没梦想过在短时间内变得富有。dream of doing sth.“梦想做某事”，为固定短语。
8．(2016·新课标Ⅲ)Now I am leaving home to college.
【解析】to→for 句意：现在，我要离开家去上大学。根据句意可知，此处指的是“离开家去上大学”，所以用for，表示目的。
9．(2016·四川)Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping.
【解析】去掉on 句意：爸爸打扫了房子，然后去购物了。go shopping“去购物”，是固定短语。 10．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，64)But my connection with pandas goes back ________ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s，when I was the first...
【解析】to 句意：但是我与熊猫之间的联系要追溯到20世纪80年代中期我在一档电视节目的时候，那是我第一次……。go back to“追溯到”，是固定短语。
11．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，44)Most of us are more focused ________ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.
【解析】on 句意：我们大多数人在早晨时对任务的注意力要比晚些时候的注意力更集中。be focused on意为“集中于……”。
12．(2016·新课标Ⅲ，70)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India，for example，most people traditionally eat ________ their hands.
【解析】with 句意：筷子并非被亚洲的所有国家(的人民)使用。例如在印度，大部分的人习惯用手吃饭。with“用……”，符合句意。
13．(2016·四川，67)The mother continued to care for the young panda ________ more than two years. 【解析】for 句意：这位母亲持续照顾熊猫幼崽两年多。“for＋一段时间”作时间状语，表示“持续了一段时间”。
14．(2016·浙江，16)In this article，you need to back up general statements ________ specific examples.
【解析】with 句意：在这篇文章中，你需要用具体的例子来支持总的观点。根据句意及结构可知，这里用介词with表示“用……”。
15．(2016·天津，8)Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice ________ her opinion on the subject.
16．(2016·天津，14)I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry ________ a conversation with her.
【解析】on 句意：我不喜欢她在我工作时给我打电话——我总是太忙，不能和她进行会话。carry on“继续进行，从事”，符合句意。
易错起源1、介词辨析
例1．Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃____ the average. A. below
B. on C. at D. above
【答案】D
【解析】句意：去年是有纪录以来最热的一年，全球平均气温上升0.68度。With 的宾语global temperature ，宾语补足above the average。
【变式探究】September 30 is the day ______ which you must pay your bill. A. by B. for C. with D. in 【答案】A
【名师点睛】 一、表示时间的介词 1．in，on，at，over
(1)in表示在一段时间之内。通常时间较长，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。如：
in the 1950s，in 1989，in summer，in January，in one's thirties，in the morning等。 (2)on表示具体的某一天及其早、中、晚。如：
on May 1st，on Monday，on a cold night in January, on a fine morning等。 (3)at表示在一个时间点上。指某一时刻或较短暂的时间，也泛指圣诞节，复活节等。如： at 3：20，at this time of year，at Christmas，at night，at this moment等。 (4)over后面接一段时间，表示“超过……”或“在……期间”。如：
David Crum, the CEO of Geldart Software, announced that the corporation would open three branches in Bangkok over the next several months.
(5)在last，next，this，that，some，every等词之前一律不用介词。如： He went to Japan last year. We meet every day. 2．in，after
(1)“in＋一段时间”表示将来的一段时间之后。如： My mother will come back in three or four days. (2)“after＋一段时间”表示过去的一段时间之后。如： He arrived after five months.
(3)“after＋具体时间”表示将来或过去的某一时刻之后。如： She will appear after five o'clock this afternoon. The rain began to fall after seven. 3．from，since，for
(1)from后接具体时间，说明从什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久。如： I hope to do morning exercises from today.
(2)since后接具体过去时间，表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用。如： We have not seen each other since 2010. (3)for后接一段时间，通常与完成时连用。如： I have been in the army for 5 years. 【锦囊妙计，战胜自我】 二、表示地点方位的介词 1．at，in，on，to
(1)at表示在小地方或“在……附近；在……旁边”。如： He arrived at the station at ten. He is sitting at the desk.
(2)in表示在大地方或“在……范围之内”。如： He arrived in Shanghai yesterday. Shandong lies in the east of China. (3)on表示毗邻或接壤。如：
Russia lies on the north of China.
(4)to表示“在……范围外”，不强调是否接壤。如： Japan is to the east of China. 2．above，over，on
(1)above意为“在……上方”，只表示位置高于某物但不强调是否垂直，与below相对。如： The bird is flying above my head.
(2)over意为“在……之上”，表示垂直高于，与under相对。over强调与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。如：
There is a bridge over the river.
(3)on意为“在……之上”，表示在某物体上面并与之接触。如： He put his watch on the desk. 2．above，over，on
(1)above意为“在……上方”，只表示位置高于某物但不强调是否垂直，与below相对。如： The bird is flying above my head.
(2)over意为“在……之上”，表示垂直高于，与under相对。over强调与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。如：
There is a bridge over the river.
(3)on意为“在……之上”，表示在某物体上面并与之接触。如： He put his watch on the desk. 易错起源2、考查介词短语辨析
例2. These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen. A. in memory of C. in touch with 【答案】B
B. in response to D. in possession of
【变式探究】What we expect from you is working hard hardly working. A. less than B. rather than
专题05介词与介词短语(易错起源)-2018年高考英语备考黄金易错点
