课时提能练(十四)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·陕西省部分学校检测)I used to believe courtesy was a thing of the past.Very seldom have I encountered a courteous human being in this modern era.
Recently，I had to change my thinking，when I came face to face with just such a human being in a coffee place，with my two daughters.The place was crowded as usual and we had to climb steep(陡的) stairs in order to find an empty table.After enjoying coffee and snacks，we went down the narrow stairs，where there was hardly any space for another person to either climb up or come down.
Just as I was in the middle of the stairs，a man entered the main entrance of the restaurant which was right in front of the staircase(楼梯)．I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man going up.I kept coming down as fast as I could.My daughters were already down，looking up at me worriedly，hoping I would reach them before the stranger started walking up the stairs，knowing I was a nervous sort.
Nearly reaching them，I noticed the man still standing near the door.I reached my daughters and passed the stranger at the entrance door which he kept holding open.I looked back，thinking he was still at the door，deciding whether to go in or find another less crowded place.I saw him going up the stairs，two at a time.I told my daughters about it and all three of us felt bad that we did not even thank the courteous gentleman who was actually holding the door open for us ladies to pass through before going up.
Such well-mannered people are hard to find these days when pushing is very common in our advanced but aggressive society.We applauded for his chivalry(彬彬有礼的行为)．
【语篇解读】 在这个忙碌的现代社会，彬彬有礼、体贴他人的品质变得尤为珍贵。作者讲述了自己经历的一件事情，并赞扬了这种良好的品质。 1．What is the meaning of the underlined word“courtesy”in Paragraph 1?
A．A brave action. B．Sacrifice spirit.
C．A considerate action.
D．Selfish behaviour.
C [词义猜测题。根据下文故事中的男人为作者让路并且开门可推测出，这是一种体贴的行为，故选C项。A项意为“勇敢的行为”；B项意为“牺牲精神”；D项意为“自私的行为”。]
2．What did the author think of the man at the first sight of him?
A．He was in a hurry. B．He would wait for her. C．He would pass her rudely. D．He was a man with good manners.
C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man going up”可知，作者本认为这个男人会粗鲁地挤开她上楼梯，故选C项。] 3．Why did the author's daughters worry about her?
A．She was easy to be nervous. B．She took up too much space. C．She was too old to walk fast. D．She focused too much on the man.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“knowing I was a nervous sort”可知，作者是一个很容易紧张的人，故选A项。]
4．What can we learn about the man from Paragraph 4?
A．He might be a waiter of the café. B．He might have an urgent business to do. C．He loved a daughter of the author. D．He would hold the door open for all.
B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I saw him going up the stairs，two at a time”可推知，那个男人应该是有急事要做，故选B项。]
B
(2024·辽宁五校联考)A study has shown that nearly 90 percent of traffic accidents are caused by human errors.So our aim is a fully autonomous car that gets rid of the cause of most accidents：the driver.Researcher Hodgson points out，“For safety，the faster you can remove humans，the better，even if there are unfortunately a few accidents from new causes.It's a question of balancing the number injured or killed by autonomous vehicles with
the people whose lives are potentially saved.”
It's an idea that Elon Musk，CEO of electric car company Tesla Motors，has long believed.His company is determined to be the first to deliver a fully autonomous vehicle to consumers.Last year，Musk announced that Tesla's 2017 goal was“to do an example drive of full autonomy all the way from LA to New York...and have the car park itself”．
However，even Tesla admits that there are problems to overcome—the software needs further validation and the appropriate regulatory approval needs to be in place.Indeed，recent crashes of Tesla vehicles and Google cars confirm that the software isn't ready yet.
The UK government appears committed to encouraging the development of autonomous vehicles.It's supporting four city trials，publishing the Modern Transport Bill to reduce red tape around their introduction and adapting the legal system to take into account problems such as insurance liability when a human isn't in control of a vehicle.
The insurance industry is similarly eager to help increase autonomy in cars.As the Association of British Insurers(ABI) points out，“More than 90 percent of road accidents are caused by human errors.”This costs motor insurers a shocking ￡20 million per day in claims.
【语篇解读】 这篇文章介绍了一种无人驾驶汽车。由于交通事故主要是由驾驶员的失误引发的，这种无人驾驶汽车在某种程度上可以解决交通事故问题。这种想法虽然还需进一步完善，但已经得到了英国政府及保险公司的支持。 5．What difficulty does the company Tesla Motors have?
A．New inventions may cause more injuries and deaths. B．The company lacks confidence to make new creations. C．The software should be made officially acceptable. D．The traffic regulation has proved unreasonable.
C [细节理解题。题干中的关键词是difficulty，据此定位到第三段的第一句“However，even Tesla admits that there are problems to overcome—the software needs further validation and the appropriate regulatory approval needs to be in place”由此可知，特斯拉公司还需要解决的问题是相关软件需要进一步的验证以及监管机构的批准。] 6．What is the UK government's attitude to autonomous cars?
A．Ambiguous. C．Cautious.
B．Positive. D．Disapproving.
B [推理判断题。题干中的关键词是the UK government，据此定位到第四段第一
2024版新一线高考英语译林版一轮复习课时提能练14Theenvironment含解析
