习题1:把一双U形管测压计连接在一个容器上,已知A点的计示压强为-10845kPa,测量读数如图所示,试求测压管中液体B的相对密度。题解:pA?d?1000g(3.2?2.74)??dB?1000g(3.43?3.0) dB??10845?1.60?1000?9.8?0.46?0.862?1000?9.8?0.43习题2:相对密度为0.75的油流过如图所示的喷嘴,如果A点的计示压强是1.372×105Pa,连接在喷嘴下方的U形管压力计中水银液面差h值应为多少?题解:pA??g(0.84?h)??HgghpA??g?0.841.372?105?0.75?1000?9.8?0.84??113.85cm h?(?Hg??)g(13600?0.75?1000)?9.8习题3:用U形管测压计测定管A和管B的压强差,如图所示。如果管A中的压强是2.744×105Pa,管B中的压强是1.372×105Pa,试确定U形管测压计的读数h值。题解:设A点到下水银面的距离为h1,B点到上水银面的距离为h2pA??H2Ogh1??Hggh??H2Ogh2?pB5.48?h1?h?h2?3.04 即 h1?h2?h?2.44h?pA?pB?2.44?H2Og(?Hg??H2O)g(2.744?1.372)?105?2.44?1000?9.8??1.305m(13600?1000)?9.8习题4:如图所示,若d1?d3?0.83,d2?13.6,h1?16cm,h2?8cm,h3?12cm,(1)求当pB?68.95kPa时,pA的值;(2)当pA?137.9kPa,大气压强计的读数为0.96×105Pa时,求pB的计示压强值。题解:pA??1gh1?pB??3gh3??2gh2(1)pA?pB?1000d3gh3?1000d2gh2?1000d1gh1?68.95?1000?1000?0.83?9.8?0.12?1000?13.6?9.8?0.08?1000?0.83?9.8?0.16?79.287kPa(2) pB?pA?1000d1gh1?1000d2gh2?1000d3gh3?137.9?1000?1000?0.83?9.8?0.16?1000?13.6?9.8?0.08?1000?0.83?9.8?0.12?127562.96PapBe?pB?pa?127562.96?96000?31.563kPa习题5:如图所示,容器A中液体的密度?A=856.7kg/m3,容器B中液体的密度?B=1254.3kg/m3,U形差压计中的液体为水银。如果B中的压强为200kPa,求A的压强。题解:设h1?40cm h2?2m h3?3mpA??Agh2??Agh1??Hggh1?pB??Bg(h2?h3)pA?pB??Bg(h2?h3)??Agh2??Agh1??Hggh1?200000?1254.3?9.8?(2?3)?856.7?9.8?2?856.7?9.8?0.4?13600?9.8?0.4?105.377kPa
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