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动词过去式、过去分词的变化规则(yyy整理版)

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常见动词过去式、过去分词的变化规则

动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

一、规则变化:

1. 一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked, work—worked 2. 以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved, dance—danced

3. 以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried, study—studied 4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted

注:A. 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时,双不双写都可以,如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。

B. 特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked(交易,在…通行),prefer—preferred—preferredrefer—referred—referred提到

另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后) C. 读音与说明:

①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped ②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed

③.-ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted

较喜欢,

二、不规则变化

⒈ A---A---A型(现在式、过去式、过去分词同形)

原形(现在式) 过去式 hit hurt cost let hit hurt cost let 过去分词 hit hurt cost let 现分/动名词 hitting hurting costing letting 三单 hits hurts costs lets 中文 打、撞 伤害 花费 让 ’.

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set shut spread put read cut set shut spread put read cut set shut spread put read cut setting shutting spreading putting reading cutting 补充 sets shuts spreads puts reads cuts 设置、搭建 关闭 传播,散布 放置 读 砍、切、割 broadcast cast burst shed upset broadcast cast burst shed upset broadcast cast burst shed upset broadcasting casting bursting shedding upsetting broadcasts casts bursts sheds upsets 广播,播放 投、掷 爆裂,冲破 流出,放射 弄翻,打乱 口诀1:2H(hit, hurt) 花钱(cost) 让(let) 3S(set,shut,spread) 放(put)(下)读书(read)(去)切割(cut)

⒉ A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)

原形(现在式) beat 过去式 beat 过去分词 beaten 现分/动名词 beating 三单 beats 中文 打败 口诀2:打败天下无敌手,过去分词加en ⒊ A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)

原形(现在式) run come become 过去式 ran came became 过去分词 run come become 现分/动名词 running coming becoming 三单 runs comes becomes 中文 跑 来 成为 ’.

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overcome overcame overcome overcoming overcomes 超越,克服 口诀3:跑、来、成为、(杨)超越,元音字母变成a ⒋ A---B---B型(过去式与过去分词同形) (1) 原形→aught→aught

原形 teach catch 过去式 taught caught 过去分词 taught caught 现分/动名词 teaching catching 三单 teaches catches 中文 教 抓住、赶上 口诀4:教书被抓,变成aught (2) 原形→ought→ought

原形 think buy seek bring fight 过去式 thought bought sought brought fought 过去分词 thought bought sought brought fought 现分/动名词 thinking buying seeking bringing fighting 三单 thinks buys seeks brings fights 中文 想、思考 买 寻求 带来 打架 口诀5:想买(个)熊球(寻求)带来打架 (3) eep→ept→ept

原形 sleep keep sweep 过去式 slept kept swept 过去分词 slept kept swept 现分/动名词 sleeping keeping sweeping 三单 sleeps keeps sweeps 中文 睡觉 保持 清扫 口诀:睡觉保持清扫,变成ept (4) 词尾-ell变成-old

原形 ’.

过去式 过去分词 现分/动名词 三单 中文 ..

sell tell retell sold told retold sold told retold selling telling retelling sells tells retells 卖 告诉 复述 注:复述卖告诉 (5) 词尾变成-elt

原形 feel smell spell 过去式 felt smelled/smelt spelled/spelt 过去分词 felt smelled/smelt spelled/spelt 现分/动名词 feeling smelling spelling 三单 feels smells spells 中文 感觉 闻 拼写 注:感觉闻(到)拼写 (6) 词尾-ild、-end,把d变成t

原形 bend lend send spend build rebuild 过去式 bent lent sent spent built rebuilt 过去分词 bent lent sent spent built rebuilt 现分/动名词 bending lending sending spending building rebuilding 三单 bends lends sends spends builds rebuilds 中文 使弯曲 借出 送 花费、度过 建造 重建 注:使(史)弯曲借出送花费建造(重建) (7) 词尾+t

原形 dream burn leap ’.

过去式 过去分词 现分/动名词 dreaming burning leaping 三单 dreams burns leaps 中文 梦想 着火、燃烧 跳跃 dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt burned/burnt leaped/leapt burned/burnt leaped/leapt ..

learn deal mean learned/learnt dealt meant learned/learnt dealt meant learning dealing meaning learns deals means 学习 处理 意思 注:梦(见)着火,跳跃学习处理意思 (8) 词尾ay变成aid

原形 pay say lay 过去式 paid said laid 过去分词 paid said laid 现分/动名词 paying saying laying 三单 pays says lays 中文 付给 说 下蛋、放 注:付给说下蛋 (9) 2个元音减少一个

原形 feed speed breed meet lead shoot bleed 过去式 fed speeded/sped bred met led shot bled 过去分词 fed speeded/sped bred met led shot bled 现分/动名词 feeding speeding breeding meeting leading shooting bleeding 三单 feeds speeds breeds meets leads shoots bleeds 中文 喂养 加速 生产、繁殖 遇见 领导 射击 出血 口诀6:喂(牛)加速繁殖,遇见领导射击,出血,去掉后一个元音字母。 (10) 其他

原形 have/has get ’.

过去式 had got 过去分词 had got 现分/动名词 having getting 三单 has gets 中文 有 得到

动词过去式、过去分词的变化规则(yyy整理版)

..常见动词过去式、过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。一、规则变化:1.一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked,work—worked2.以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved,dance—danced3.以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—
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