智能超声波避障小车的设计与制作设计报告

课题设计报告

项目：超声波避障小车的设计与制作

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摘 要

智能小车是一种能够通过编程手段完成特定任务的小型化机器人，它具有制作成本低廉，电路结构简单，程序调试方便等优点。由于具有很强的趣味性，智能小车深受广大机器人爱好者以及高校学生的喜爱。

本论文介绍的是具有自动避障功能的智能小车的设计与制作（以下简称智能小车），论文对智能小车的方案选择，设计思路，以及软硬件的功能和工作原理进行了详细的分析和论述。经实践验收测试，该智能小车的电路结构简单，调试方便，系统反映快速、灵活，设计方案正确、可行，各项指标稳定、可靠。

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Abstract

Smart cars can be programmed to perform a specific task means the miniaturization of robot, it has to make cost is low, circuit simple structure, convenient program test. Because of it has strong interest, intelligent robot car favored by the majority of the university students' enthusiasts and love.

This paper introduces the is a automatic obstacle avoidance function of intelligent car design and production (hereinafter referred to as the smart car), the thesis to the intelligence of the car scheme selection, design idea, and the implementation of hardware and software function and working principle of a detailed analysis and discusses. After practice acceptance test, this intelligent car circuit structure is simple, convenient debug, fast, flexible system reflect, correct and feasible design scheme, each index is steady and reliable.

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目 录

摘 要 ............................................................. II Abstract ......................................................... III 目 录 ............................................................ IV 第一章 绪论 ........................................................ 1

1.1项目研究背景及意义： ............................................................................................... 1 1.2项目主要研究内容： ................................................................................................... 1 1.3设计思路： ................................................................................................................. 2 1.4应用场合和功能： ...................................................................................................... 2

第二章 总体方案 .................................................... 3

2.1总体方案概述： .......................................................................................................... 3 2.2 总体电路原理图： ...................................................................................................... 4

第三章 各模块功能介绍 .............................................. 4

3.1障碍物测距系统： ...................................................................................................... 4 3.2显示模块： ................................................................................................................. 5 3.3驱动模块： ............................................................................................................... 10 3.4电源模块： ............................................................................................................... 12

第四章 软件设计 ................................................... 13

4.1 程序设计流程图 ....................................................................................................... 13 4.2 关键程序设计： ....................................................................................................... 14

第五章 系统调试 ................................................... 17

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5.1 调试的思路： ........................................................................................................... 17 5.2 各模块的调试： ....................................................................................................... 17 5.3 调试心得：............................................................................................................... 19

第六章 结论与展望 ................................................. 20

6.1 结论： ...................................................................................................................... 20 6.2 展望： ...................................................................................................................... 20

致 谢 ............................................................ 21 参考资料 .......................................................... 22 附录 .............................................................. 23

1.元器件清单： ............................................................................................................... 23 2.样机实物照片： ........................................................................................................... 24 3.电路原理图： ............................................................................................................... 25 相关程序 ......................................................................................................................... 26

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