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课时提升作业 三十七
选修8 Unit 2 Cloning
(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
“China became the first country to clone a monkey using non-reproductive cells, ” scientists said on Thursday. By December 2017 , the Chinese Academy of Sciences had created two clone macaques(猕猴) named “Zhong Zhong” and “Hua Hua” by nuclear transferring of body cells—any cell in the organism other than reproductive cells. This was the similar technology used to create the famous clone sheep Dolly in 1996.
“Telra, a monkey born in 1999 , is the world’s first ever-cloned monkey, but it was done using a simpler method called embryo splitting(胚胎分裂), and cannot be genetically modified to suit experimental needs, ” said Pu Muming, a leading researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. “Cloning a monkey using body cells has been a world-class challenge because it is a primate(灵长类)that shares its genetic makeup, therefore all of its complexity, with humans, ” he said.
“For drug and other lab tests, scientists have to purchase monkeys from all over the world, which is costly, bad for the environment and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes, ” Pu said.
“By cloning monkey using body cells, we can mass reproduce a large number of genetically identical monkeys in a short amount of time, and we can even change their genes to suit our needs, ” he added. “This can save time, cut down experiment costs, and produce more accurate results, leading to more effective medicine. ”
Sun Qiang, director of the non-human primate research facility at the institute, said most of the drug trials are currently done on lab mice. However, drugs that work on mice might not work or even have severe side effects on humans because the two species are so different.
Monkeys and humans are both primates, so they are much closely related and testing on monkeys is supposed to be as effective as testing on humans. This achievement will help China lead the world research in an international science project related to study of primate brains.
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普类说明文。讲述了中国在克隆技术上取得的成就——中国成了第一个使用非生殖细胞克隆猕猴的国家。 1. Which description of the two clone macaques is true? A. They were the first monkeys ever-cloned in the world. B. They were created using reproductive cells.
C. They would be fed to suit experimental needs.
D. The technology used to create them was similar to that of creating Dolly.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“This was the similar technology used to create the famous clone sheep Dolly in 1996. ”可知, 克隆猕猴使用的技术与著名的克隆羊多利使用的技术是相似的。 2. The underlined word in the fourth paragraph is closest to “_________ ”in meaning.
A. same B. similar C. relevant D. close
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据画线句中提的reproduce以及下文提到的“we can even change their genes to suit our needs”可推断, 通过用身体细胞克隆猴子, 我们可以在很短的时间里克隆大量基因相同的猴子, 甚至改变他们的基因满足我们的要求。因此推断画线词词义与A项“same”相同。
3. What can be learned from the passage?
A. Pu Muming and Sun Qiang were doing most work in cloning the two macaques.
B. Genetic research on monkeys can be seen as effective as that on humans.
C. Most drug trials have been done on mice because mice share the same genetic makeup and complexity with humans.
D. Scientists can mass reproduce cloned monkeys to cut down experiment
名师金典高考人教英语总复习课时提升作业 三十七 选修 nit 含解析
