高考英语短文改错解题技巧
短文改错口诀
动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；冠词连词常光顾
详解：
一、动词形：主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。动词形常见错误：
1） 一般过去时与一般 现在时错用。
2）第三人称单数形式错用。 第三人称单数：Is/was 2） and，but,or,also 前后动词时态不一致。(具有对称性） 4） 主谓不一致。 5） 缺少谓语动词 1.主谓宾结构
缺少be动词2、主系表结构（am/is/are/was/were） 6） 主动语态与被动语态错用 wash-is washed 7）Used to 的运用错误
例如： My favorite sport are football. (is)
Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. (are)
二、名词数：指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。改正方法： １）根据名词前的修饰限定成份．２）根据上下文的逻辑关系． 例如：
…so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subjects)
三、还要注意形和副：注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。根据adj或adv的基本用法确定错误；修饰系动词(am/is/are/was/were)或名词用形容词；修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。
例如：I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (wonderful)
Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunately)
四、非谓语，细辨别：这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。1）不定式to do2）动名词doing作主语、宾语3）and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时） 4）现在分词和过去分词的区别等
例如：…in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (interested) Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also … (playing) My parents love me… and will do all they can ∧ make sure… (to)
五、习惯用法要记住：主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。 例如：
It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and… (of) We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves. (of)
六、句子成分多分析：不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。 例如：
They ∧eager to know everything about China and… (were) I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (which)
七、逻辑错误须关注：与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。 例如：
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. (their)
… no way of setting the matter except by selling the set. Now someone at home reads instead. (everyone)
八、冠词连词常光顾：常考的错误形式有：连词but， and， or和so的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。
四不改:
①标点符号不改。 ②大小写不改。
③词序错误不改（不是不改，而是按错词或少词来改)。
④在纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错
短文改错具体考点详解
考点1.名词
命题特点:本来用复数,却用单数.改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份;(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系. 详解：
1.She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success. 2. After class we become stranger at once.
3. They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I’ll get marks in all my subject. 4. On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. 5. There are advantage for students to work while studying at school. 6. He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests. 7. I looked at his other hands.
考点2.代词 命题特点：
1.女性代词指代男性或相反；2.单数指代复数；3.代词词性误用。 改正方法：联系上下文的逻辑关系。 代词的错误特点：
1.人称代词的偷换错误 2. 缺少人称代词的错误3. 人称代词数的一致问题4. 人称代词格的一致问题 详解：
8.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. 9.I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei.
10.It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited. 11.Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as Iwas learning to express me in simple English . 12.One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher . 13.Some students may also save up for our college or future use . 14.I took it in me and we walked.
考点3.介词
命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：1）介词的基本用法；2）习惯搭配；3）动词词类确定错误，如talk,, serve, wait等。
2024高三二轮短文改错解题技巧讲解与训练
