与将来事实相反 should / were to +do 2、 as if / though 好像，似乎
eg: She spends money as if she were a millionaire.(与现实相反)
She talked about London as if she had been（过去完成时） there .（与过去事实相反） He always sounds as if he would help you .(与将来事实相反) 3、If only 虚拟 要是…就好，要是…该多好 Only if 引导的真是条件句 只要 4、Eg : would rather
Would sooner (最常用) 宁愿 Would just as soon Would rather 当宁愿讲后跟①动原do 此时和虚拟语气没有任何关系，是宁愿做… Eg: I would rather stay at home tonight .
Would like②后跟句子时，此时句子应用虚拟语气，后面句子和前面句子的主语不同 Eg: I would rather he stayed at home tonight . 现在或将来的动作用过去式 过去的动作用过去式
一般疑问词 would not you rather
5、 It is high / about time that + 过去式（一般过去式） （不改变结构） Is not it high time that +一般过去式
6、 It is the first time that (次数) +现在完成式
Eg; It is the first time that I have been here (现在完成式) It was the first time that +过去完成式 四、状语从句
Eg: If you work hard you will make it . 状语从句
When you see him ,please tell him the news . 九种状语从句 ，其中五种是重点，四种不考 ① 时间状语从句 ② 条件状语从句 ③ 原因状语从句 ④ 比较状语从句 ⑤ 让步状语从句 （常用，考点） ⑥ 地点状语从句 ⑦ 方式状语从句 ⑧ 结果状语从句 ⑨ 目的状语从句
重点 ： 常用状语引导词的用法，特殊引导词的用法 ① 时间状语从句
引导词： when , after , before , as soon as , not…until , while , since (常用的时间状语引导词)
When 和before 的特殊用法 When 通常情况下是当…
Eg: I was about to go to bed when the phone rang .中的when 是突然，就在这时。
Be about to do sth when
Be doing sth when 中when 是突然，就在这时 Hardly…when… 固定结构 一…就…
Eg : I had hardly got (过去完成式) home when the phone rang (过去式) Scarcely / barely / hardly …when … 一…就…
No sooner …than …是hardly …when…基础上提到的 ，一…就… ， 等同于hardly …when… Before
Eg: I think it over ,before you wake the final decision . 中的before 是然后。 Eg: It will be a few more years ,before you know it . Better
Eg: Mary had opened (过去完成式)the door before Bill had time to knock 中的before 指没来得及…就…
He had run out of the classroom before I could stop him . 引导状语从句的特殊引导词 the moment 考过①③
the minute 连词引导的句子表示as soon as 一…就… the instant 三个短语的结构一样
Eg : I told him the good news the moment I met him . 出题时的选项为 ， a moment , moments , the moments . every time
each time 连词，连接状语从句，每当…的时候
eg: My Bf always buys me some delicious food every time he comes to see me . immediately 一…就… 副词连词 directly
eg: The police went into action immediately / directly they heard the alarm.(警报) 警察一听到警报立马行动。 ② 条件状语从句
（1） 常用引导词 if , only if , as / so long as , (只要)， unless除非，否则 ，in case 万
一
Unless 除非，否则
Eg: I will not go with you to the KFC unless you pay . （2） 特殊引导词 Give that 假设，假定
Given that X is 2 ,than (x+1)2 is 9. provided that
providing that 假如，倘若 on condition that 前提条件是
eg: I’ll go with youn to kfc on condition that you pay .
③ 原因状语从句 Since , as , for , because
Because 语气最强回答why 提出的问题 Because 和since 语气相同 For 介词 为了
For 引导的是根据情况可以做出肯定的推测或判断 Eg: He must be ill for he is absent today . 特殊的引导词
▲ now that / in that 既然 since 是连词 since that now that 既然
eg: Now that everyone is here ,let’s begin / start . now that 引导原因状语从句放在句首引导 in that 则放在中间，意思是原因在于…
eg: Human beings are different from animals in that they can speak and think .
考试考过： Liquids (液体) are just like solids in that they both have definite volume(体积)。 Volume ①体积②音量③成套的选集 ④ 比较状语从句
（1）同级比较 （2） 比较级 （1）同级比较的基本结构 A，…as…as… B. …not so …as…
C. 同级比较的肯定或否定形式中间应当使用adj或副词的原级原形。
D.到底用adj. 还是副词取决于谓语动词，如果谓语是行为动词应当用副词的原形，如果谓语是系动词或连系动词应当用形容词的原形。 Eg: She speaks English as good as the British .
修饰动词应当使用副词故good 不对，应当用well.
Eg: The dish tastes as well as the one much looks.中的taste为系动词，修饰系动词应当用形容词，故应当用good
连系动词 感觉feel , smell , taste 变化过程 get , turn , become 似乎，好像 seem , appear
Appear 行为动词，出现 连系动词 ，显得好像 E．用同级比较表示倍数 倍数+as…as…
Eg: The river is 2 times as long as that one she has 3 times as many friend as I do. (2)比较结构
比较结构中，比较好像，必须一致。
Eg: The salary of a taxi driver is higher than a teacher’s . He likes his wife better than I . Eg : He likes his wife better than I .
①他喜欢他的妻子胜过我喜欢我的妻子（√） ② 他喜欢他的妻子胜过我喜欢他的妻子（×） ③ 他喜欢他的妻子胜过喜欢我（×）
英语中有部分形容词本身就含有比较的含义，没有比较级的形式，如果接比较对象不能用that 必须用介词to。 Super , inferior
Senior , junior +to 接比较对象 Prior
Superior与inferior 相反的词 Superior to 比…优越，比…高级 Inferior to 比…低级，比…低略 Senior 比…高级，比…年长 Junior 比…级别低，比…年幼 Prior 比…先，比…早
prefer…to … 中的to 是动词不定式符号，to 后接名词或动名词。 Prefer to 中的to 是动词不定式符号，to 后接动词原形
英语中部分形容词既没有比较级也没有最高级本身就是最高级的含义。 Complete 完全地 prefect 完美的 excellent 优秀的 Much better 好得多
比较级前可以用much far still even a lot 修饰表达含义是…的多 比较级的特殊用法
A． more and more 越来越 B． the more …the more … 越…越… ⑤ 让步状语从句
Although / though 但后面不用But 倒装，部分倒装和全部倒装 只把状语从句的某一个成分提前
A. try as he might 尽管他努力了，动词提前
让步状语从句中倒装用as引导，若为长句则不用as. B. Hand as he tried . 副词提前 C. Young (adj. ) as she is 形容词提前 D. Girls (n. ) as she is 名词提前
Girls 用单数不能用a girl 也不能用复数 Students as they are
名词提前时，只能用单数，不表示具体的，只表示一类
Eg: Much as he likes her ,he sometimes gets angry with her . 尽管他非常喜欢她，但有时候也会对他发火
Object as he may 尽管他可能反对。 副词，动词，名词，形容词均可提前 ⑥ 地点状语从句where ， wherever
Eg： Where there is a will,there is a way .(有志者事竟成) Wherever you go I will follow you . ⑦ 方式状语从句
As ,as if , as though 引导 As 引导，正如 As I said 正如…
结果状语从句，目的状语从句考查较多 ⑧ 目的状语从句so that 和in order that
Eg: Please say it again so that everyone can catch you . ⑨ 结果状语从句 so…that… , such…that… So 和such 后接不同，so后接形容词/ 副词+名词 Such 直接接名词
▲ so long a girl such a lovely girl 五、时态
时态------16种 ------常用8种--------3种常考 ③ ③ ②
Past now further
过去完成时，过去进行时， 一般过去时 现在完成时，现在进行时， 一般现在时 一般将来时， 将来完成时 完成时（常考） 将来完成时
现在完成时 结构 have / has +ved
现在完成时，使用的情况①动作发生过，持续到现在还可能持续 Eg: I have lived in SJZ for 23 years. ②动作发生在过去，强调的是对现在的影响和结果 Eg: The lights in the classroom have been turned off. ③动作发生在过去到说话的时刻已经完成。
Eg: We have finished the first book so far (到目前为止)。 现在完成时的标志词 so far , since , for
过去完成时体现过去的过去，两层含义①过去的某一时刻
Eg: By the end of last week 到上周末为止we had finished (过去的过去)all. ②过去的某个动作以前
Eg:I had hardly got home when the phone rang . 将来完成时，将来的过去 ① 将来的某一时刻
Eg: By the end of 2020,we will have finished it . ② 将来的某一动作之前
Eg: I will go to hong kong next week .
When I got to HK ,He will have left for USA . 将来时，特殊形式表将来
① be going to 事先考虑或打算要做的事情；有迹象表明要发生 ② be about to 很快就要发生，通常接when ③ be doing 现在进行时表示将来
④ be to do 根据命令或按照要求即将发生的情况 ⑤ 行为动词表示将来 动词一般现在时表示将来 Eg : What are you going to do when you grow up? The sky is covered with clouds, It is going to rain . Be about to do sth when 正要做…突然…
用在现在进行时中表示将来的动词（非持续性动词） Come , go , leave , die
Eg: It is 11 O’clock I am leaving .我要走了
Die eg: How about the old man , He is dying . If +主语+were to do…
Eg: After class you are to assemble in front of the building .
河北专接本英语词汇及重点
