P19
重点单词扩充讲解：
1. organizational: a 组织上的
由此我们可以联想到：organize: v 组织； organization: n 组织； organizer: n 组织者
请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空：
1). Last week, our school __organized_____ a spring outing. 2). The task calls for the highest _organizational_ skill. 3). China has joined World Trade _organization_________. 4). He is the ____organizer______ of the speech contest. Answers: organized, organizational, Organization, organizer 2. objective: n 目标； a 客观的，反义词subjective: 主观的 3. predict: v 预言、预示；
由此我们可以联想到：prediction: n 预言； predictable: a 可预测的； predictor: n 预言家 4. simplify: v 简化
由此我们可以联想到：simple: a 简单的； simply: ad 简单地，仅仅地； simplification: n 简化； simplified: a 被简化的。 Exercises for the above words:
1). The machine is simple_____ in operation but complex in structure.
2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the original is beyond our capacity while __simplified__ edition is quite easy.
3). There is no point in arguing about it, because it is __simply_____ a question of procedure.
4). The _simplification_____ of working process freed the workers fro heavy labor.
Answers: simple; simplified; simply; simplification
5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于…， tend to do sth e.g. old people have the tendency of getting fatter. Or old people tend to get fatter. 6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的；
由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营； management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者； manageable: a 可管理的、可经营的。
7. argue: v 争辩、争论，常用固定搭配：argu with sb about/over sth由于某事而同某人争论； argue sb into doing sth说服某人做某事； argue sb out of doing sth说服某人不要做某事。
e.g. 1>. The young couple always argue with each other over their child”s education.
2>. I argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.旅行 8. define: v 给…下定义； definition: n 定义 9. profitability: n 赚钱， 获利
由此我们可以联想到：profit: n 利润； profitable: a 有利可图的, 有好处的；
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profitless: a 没有利润的。
1). He has made a _profit____ from running a small restaurant. 2). The deal was __profitable____ to all of us.
3). They valued profitability_______ differently, which led to disagreement as to the correctness of decision. Answer: profit, profitable; profitability.
10. correctness: n 正确性； 字根：correct: a 正确的； v 纠正， correction: n 纠正； incorrect: a 不正确的。 11. unintended: a 非计划中的， 由此我们可以联想到：intend: v 打算，计划；intention: n ； intended: a 计划中的
重点单词、词组详讲 1. interview: n/v 采访、面试；interviewer: n 采访者； interviewee: n 被采访者
e.g. 1>. Who's the most famous person you've ever interviewed on TV?
2>. In a TV interview last night, she denied she had any intention of resigning.
2. criticism: n 批评，评论； criticize: v 批评； critical: a 批评的、挑剔的、关键的；critic: n 评论家, 请填填看。 1> He is a literary ___ critic ___.
2> We are at a _____ critical __time in our history. 3> He can't take __ criticism _ ____.
4> The boy was __ criticized ____ by his father for being late for school.
Answers: critic, critical, criticism, criticized
3. indifference: n 冷漠、漠不关心；indifferent: a 冷漠的，反义词：enthusiastic: 热情的cf: different: a 不同的，名词：difference; 反义词：same.
4. inefficiency: n 无效，由此联想得到：
efficient: a 高效率的； efficiency: n inefficient: a 低效率的 5. conservative: a 保守的、保存的； conserve: v 保存； 蜜饯conservation: n
6. apply to sb for sth: 向某人申请某物
e.g. The student applied to the embassy for a visa. 7. take the trouble to do sth: 不辞劳苦、费力地做某事
e.g. If you took the trouble to listen to what I was saying, you'd know what I was talking about.
8. put oneself in somebody's place: 设身处地…
If you put yourself in your mother's place, you will understand why she is so worried about you. 9. in hand: 手头上有，进行中
I've got enough money in hand to buy a new car.
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10. turn down: 调小，降低，拒绝
Turn down the TV, for the baby is sleeping.
He turned down the job because the pay isn't good enough.
Learn new words and phrases
1. astronomer: n 天文学家；astronomy: n 天文学
2.explode: v 爆炸,由此联想：explosive: a 爆炸性的/n 炸药；explosion: n 爆炸
1). When the bomb__exploded____, many people were seriously wounded.
2). The unexpected _explosion_______ frightened the little girl. 3). It might be possible to convert _ explosive ____ energy into heat.
Answers: exploded, explosion, explosive 3. density: n 密度；联想产生：dense: a 密度大的，反义词：sparse; densely: ad高密度地；densely-populated人口稠密的；sparsely-populated人口稀疏的
1). The _dense___ fog kept the travelers from finding the correct direction.
2). The business area of the city is _densely____ populated. 3). This liquid has a much greater _density___ than water. Answers: dense, densely, density 4. shrink: v 收缩、退缩、缩水
1). As a result of careless washing, the jacket has shrunk to a child's size.
2).The girl shrinks at the sight of blood. 5. measurement: n 衡量、测量；
由此联想：measure: n措施/v 衡量、测量；measurable: a 可衡量的，可测量的
1). We must take _measure____ to protect our environment.
2). We have come within __measurable____ distance of success. 3). Clocks give us a __measurement____ of time.
4). There the rainfall is __measured____ not in inches but in feet. Answers: measures, measurable, measurement, measured 6.implication: n 含义、暗示；imply: v 暗示 7. basis: n 基础、根据， 由此可以联想得到：base: n 底部；v 以…为底，为根据；basic: a 基础的，根本的；
basically: ad 根本上来说,
1). If you want to improve your English, you must have a solid _basis_____.
2). The furniture of out dorm is really _basic____: two beds, two chairs and tables.
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3). The charges are false for they are not _basically_____ on proven facts.
4). Since no better plan can be worked out, we have to adopt the _based___ workable one.
Answers: basis, basic, based, basically
8. observatory: n 天文台；由此可以联想得到：
observe: v 观察；observation: n 观察；observer: n 观察家
9. convincing: a 有说服力的，使人信服的；convince: v 使人信服；convinced: a 感到有说服力的，常见搭配：convince sb of sth; convince sb that
1). He gave us a convincing speech. 2). He convinced me of his sincerity. 10. operate: v 运转、操作、动手术；operation : n 手术，操作；operator: 操作者
11. research into对…进行研究
She is researching into possible cures for AIDS. 12. swallow up: 吞没、耗尽
Many small businesses have been swallowed up by large companies. 13. apply to sb/sth：适用于某人/某事，请对比：
apply to sb for sth向某人申请某事；apply A to B将A 应用于B 1). You should apply what you have learned to your work. 2). I applied to him for a new job.
3). The study method doesn't apply to everyone
Learn new words and phrases
1. revolve: v 旋转，常见搭配关系为：revolve around sb/sth围绕…转。
She spends all of her time revolving around her family. The earth revolves around the sun. 2. solar: a 太阳的，日光的
solar energy太阳能；solar system太阳系；solar month阳历月 3. concerned: a 有关的、担心的
Her job is something concerned with computer. He is concerned about the result of the exam.
4. colored: a 有色的，对比；colorful: a 丰富多彩的 I like orange-colored coat. Everybody likes colorful life.
5. religion: n 宗教，religious: a 虔诚的； 请对比：region: n 地区；regional: a 地区的 6. circumstance: n 情况、境遇；
Under no circumstances can we waste time.
7. a great many = a number of = many很多，修饰复数名词。而a great deal of + u.n
A great many students are absent today.
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I have wasted a great deal of time. 8. above all: 首先、首要
After the war, he longed above all to see his wife and family. 9. as a rule: 通常、一般而言
As a rule, I only watch sports news. Learn new words and phrases
1. weaken: v 削弱、减弱，字根：weak: a 虚弱的 构词形式：adj/n + en或en + adj/n = v
Shorten, enlarge, enable, enrich, loosen, tighten etc.
2. nationwide: a 全国范围的，通过该词我们可以得到：worldwide:全世界范围的，region wide, etc.
3.legal: a 合法的，反义词：illegal,不合法的；legalize: v 使…合法化。
The Netherlands became the first country to legalize euthanasia. 4. ensure: v 确保、担保，常见用法如下：
1). The police can ensure the witness from danger.
2). We can ensure that the work will be done in the right way. 5. oppose: v 反对、对抗；名词：opposition , 形容词：opposed 1). What he said was totally opposed to the facts.
2). Many people oppose building a new highway because of the great cost.
6. tradition: n 传统，由此可以联想到：
traditional: a; traditionally: ad; 反义词为：modern
1). _____ Chinese medicine is believed to be effective for many diseases.
2). It's important to keep up the fine ____ of plain living and hard work.
3). Christmas is ____ a holiday for a family to get together. Answers: Traditional, tradition, traditionally
7. consideration: n 考虑、体谅、照顾，由此可以联想到：
Consider: v 考虑；considerate: a 体谅的，be considerate of; considerable: a 相当多的。请练习一下：
1). Losing 30 pounds changed her appearance _____.
2). It is very ____ of you to send me a birthday card.
3). The matter is receiving the serious ____ of the manager. 4). He left behind him a ____ amount of debt.
Answers: considerably, considerate, consideration, considerable 8. disabled: a 残疾的，伤残的，由此可以联想到： able: a 有能力的；be able to do sth; unable: a 没有能力的；enable: v 使人能够enable sb to do sth; ability: n 能力；disable: v 使人残疾
1). As long as they are physically ____, they tend to live on their own.
2). The _____ to be clearly heard is extremely important for any
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大学课件 自考 英语二复习资料汇总
