2020届二轮复习阅读理解热点话题专题之十九：溯源新冠病
毒：蝙蝠如何练成“百毒不侵” How do bats live with so many viruses? 溯源新冠病毒：蝙蝠如何练成“百毒不侵”
读前导读：
这个春节，蝙蝠瞬间成为了千夫所指的对象，人们憎恶海吃野味的非理性行为，也记恨这个传播病毒的可能宿主。“天然的病毒库”是它的别称。 既然蝙蝠本身携带如此多的病毒，为什么它自己却能毫发无损？这到底是怎样的一种神奇生物呢？。 Part1：高级实词分类记 名词类：
1.outbreak/?a?t.bre?k/n. 2.indication/??n.d??ke?.??n/n. 3.strain/stre?n/n. 4. trace/tre?s/ n. 5.host/ho?st/v. n. 6.mammal/?m?m.?l/n. 7.invasion/?n?ve?.??n/n. 8.organism/???r.ɡ?n.?.z?m/n. 9.inflammation/??n.fl??me?.??n/n. 10.sense n.
11.alliance/??la?.?ns/n.
2.eventually 3.disease-causing 4.normally 5.damaging 6.weakened 7.balanced 8.current 9.essential 10.equally
动词
1.trace/tre?s/v. 2.host/ho?st/v. 3.float/flo?t/v. 4.curtail/k??te?l/v.
形容词和副词
1.previous
Part2：高级词汇拓展
1.indication/??n.d??ke?.??n/n. 标示；表明；显示 v. 指出，表明______________
2.invasion/?n?ve?.??n/n. 入侵，侵略 v. 侵犯，入侵____________
3.organism/???r.ɡ?n.?.z?m/n. 生物体；（尤指）微生物
v 组织；（古）形成有机体 ____________
4.inflammation/??n.fl??me?.??n/n. 炎（症）
n. 火焰；____________ v. 气得脸涨红____________
v. 让...激动；让...更生气____________
Part3：高级短语荟萃
1.handle something called DNA sensing. 2.energy demands of flight 3.release bits of DNA 4.respond to
5.indicate an invasion of 6.a disease-causing organism 7.weaken that system
8.be very damaging to the body 9.a weakened response
10.maintain a “balanced state of ‘effective response’
Part4：原汁文章思维能力提升训练
If previous outbreaks of coronavirus are any indication, the Wuhan strain that is now spreading may eventually be traced back to bats. One bat can host many different viruses without getting sick.
In a 2018 paper in Cell Host and Microbe, scientists in China and Singapore reported their investigation of how bats handle something called DNA sensing.
The energy demands of flight are so great that cells in the body break down and release bits of DNA that are then floating around where they shouldn’t be. Mammals, including bats, have ways to identify and respond to such bits of DNA, which might indicate an invasion of a disease-causing organism. But in bats, they found, evolution has weakened that system, which would normally cause inflammation as it fought the viruses.
Bats have lost some genes involved in that response, which makes sense because the
inflammation itself can be very damaging to the body. They have a weakened response, but it is still there. Thus, the researchers write, this weakened response may allow them to maintain a “balanced state of ‘effective response’ but not ‘over response’ against viruses.”
Scientists in China were already studying the bats carefully, well aware that an outbreak like the current one would most likely happen.
Dr. Peter Daszak, president of Eco Health Alliance, who has been working in China for 15years studying diseases that jump from animals to people, stressed that stopping the sale of wildlife in markets is essential to curtail future outbreaks. But monitoring and studying wildlife, like bats, is equally important.
1、What does the word “ inflammation ” mean？
2、What does DNA sensing mean?
3.How to curtail future outbreaks of similar viruses?
4.Why do bats not die of the deadly viruses in its body?
Part5：报刊复杂句式剖析。
1.Mammals, including bats, have ways to identify and respond to such bits of DNA, which might indicate an invasion of a disease-causing organism. 翻译：
解析：本句是一个主从复合句。主句为：Mammals __________________________ 其中定语从句：which might indicate an invasion of a disease-causing organism. 修饰先行词 ：__________________
2. But in bats, they found, evolution has weakened that system, which would normally
2020届二轮复习阅读理解热点话题专题之十九：溯源新冠病毒：蝙蝠如何练成“百毒不侵”
