定语从句语法完全总结（含习题、答案）
1、定语从句的基本特征
一）被定语从句修饰的先行词的特征：是人还是物，以及将要在定语从句中所充当的成份。 二）引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词，代替先行词在定语从句中充当成份。选好哪种关系代词或关系副词非常重要。
2、在定语从句中能做主语的关系代词
who which that 例如：（关于who）
The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250,000. This is the man who helped me yesterday. 例句：（关于which）
A wide and busy road which was built like a bridge over another road fell onto the one below.
The building which stands near the river is our school. 例句：（关于that）
He asked to do things in a way that did not do harm to others. Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there? You can take any seat that is free. 3、在定语从句中能做宾语的关系代词 who（whom）that which 例句：(关于who、whom)
This is the man whom we talked about. The man whom you met in the school-
The old lady who you talked to is Jane’s grandmother. 例句：（关于that 、which）
This is the book which you want.
The letter that I received was from my father. All that we have to do is to practise every day. 4、在定语从句中能做定语的关系代词 例句：
He lives in the room whose door is green.
The girl whose father is a doctor studies very well. 5、在定语从句中做时间状语的关系副词when 例句：
Oct 1,1949 was the day when the new China was founded. I will never forget the day when I met Mr Liu. 6、在定语从句中做地点状语的关系副词where
This is the place where we lived for 5 years. This is the house where he lived last year. 7、在定语从句中做原因状语的关系副词why I know the reason why he came late.
Can you tell me the reason why you are late for school.
8、As 引导限制性定语从句时，先行词常有such 和 the same 修饰，as 在从句中不省略,as
也常修饰整个句子，可放在句末，甚至句中或句首。 He has bought the same type of bike as I have . Such teachers as know Tom think him bright. As we know,China is a developing country. He,as we expected,came to the party on time.
定语从句：（二）
一、引导定语从句的关系词
指代人 who，whom，that 指代事物 which，that 所属关系 whose，of which 指地点 where 指时间 when 指原因 why
二、关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用that。 【1】
All ______ can be done has been done.
Do you have anything ________ you don’t understand ? There is little _______ can be believed about it . The book doesn’t say much ________ amuses children.
先行词是all ,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that 。 【2】
Hamburg is the most beautiful city _______I’ve ever seen. This is the best TV _______ is made in China.
The first museum _______ he visited in China was the History Museum. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。 【3】
I’ve read all the books ________ you lent me.
No sample ________ we nave received is satisfactory.
Please send us any information ________ you have about the subject. He is the only person _________ was present at the time.
先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。 【4】
The famous writer and his works _________ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.
A victim is a person,animal or thing ________ suffers pain,death,harm,etc. 先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that . 【5】
Who _______ you have ever seen can do it better ? Who _______ you are talking to is the young fellow ? Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that 。
三、不用that，而用which，who，whom的情况
【1】
He made the same mistakes again ,_____ made his parents very angry. Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_______ cost me more than 100 yuan . Mr Smith,_______ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.
My uncle has come back from abroad,________ I haven’t met for along time.
在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。 【2】
Her bag ,in ________ she put all her money,has been stolen. This is the ring on ________ she spent 1000 dollars.
Xiao Wang ,with ________ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much. 在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。 注意：如何判断介词
1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配
The girl _____ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. He is the man _____ whom I think you can depend。 2、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配
The rate at which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.
This is our classroom ,in the front of which there is a teacher’s desk. 3、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配
He referred me to some reference books ______ which I am not very familiar. 4、名词/代词/数词+ of +which/whom
The committee consists of 20 members,5 of _______ are women.
The book contains 50 poems, most of ________ was written in 1930s.
There are two left, one of _______ is almost finished ,and the other of _______ is not quite.
I have a sentence , the meaning of _______ I don’t understand. 四、Where 引导的定语从句。
先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用引导定语从句。从句做状语。 This is the town where (= in which ) I spent my childhood. The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one. I’ll show you the paint where you failed.
注意1：若定语从句缺主语或谓语，用which或that引导定语从句。
The library ________ students often study was on fire last night. The library, _______ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing. The library ________ you visited yesterday was built in 1990. 注意2：区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句
Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。
When you read books ,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.
When you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions. 五、When 引导的定语从句
先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句。从句作状语。 I’ll never forget the day when (= on which ) I met you. This was the time when ( =at which ) he left for Beijing .
We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be busy. 注意：若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。 I’ll never forget the day when we first met in the park. I’ll never forget the time which\\that I spent on campus. I’ll never forget the time which\\that was spent with you. 六、why引导的定语从句。
先行词是表示原因的名词，用why引导定语从句。Why在从句中作状语。 This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didn’t come here. 但是也要注意：不是每句都能这样。
The reason which/that she gave was not true. 七、whose 引导的定语从句。 表示所属关系。
The river _________ banks are covered with trees flows into the sea. 八、As 引导限制性定语从句时，先行词常有such 和 the same 修饰，as 在从句中不省略。as也常修饰整个句子，可放在句末，甚至句中或句首。 For example:
He has bought the same type of bike as I have . Such teachers as know Tom think him bright As we know,China is a developing country. He,as we expected,came to the party on time. 例题研究：
[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people’s lives.
A. which B. that C. who D. it
[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.
A. who B. whom C. with whom D. to whom
[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?
A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained [例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.
A. who B. that C. which D. whose
[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn’t included women players until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing
[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.
A. built B. to be built C. to build D. being built
[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?
A. attended B. attending C. to attend D. have attended
[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.
A. who
B. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them
【模拟试题】
1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed. A. whom I think did B. whom I think she did C. who I think did D. I think who did
2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket. A. by which B. on which C. with which D. for which 3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month. A. where B. which C. to which D. on which
4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play. A. when B. in that C. which D. in which
5. 1. Don’t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance. A. being discussed B. discussed C. to be discussed D. to discuss
6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party. A. cooked B. to be cooked C. is being cooked D. being cooked 7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ? A. read B. reads C. reading D. being read
定语从句练习
一、
（1）在定语从句中能做主语的关系代词包括who、which、that 翻译：这就是我昨天帮过的人
翻译：坐落在河边的那座建筑就是我的学校（which） The building
翻译：坐在那看报纸的人是谁？（that） Who is the man
翻译：你可以坐任何一个空座位（that） You can _____ any seat
（2）在定语从句中能做宾语的关系代词包括who（whom）、 that、which 翻译：这就是我们谈论的那个人（who、whom） This is the man
翻译：昨天和我们一起玩的那个女孩子叫珍妮（who、whom） The girl
翻译：这就是你想要的书（that、which） This is
翻译：我收到的那封信是我爸爸寄来的（that、which） The letter
（3）在定语从句中能做定语的关系代词whose
定语从句语法完全总结
