中考冲刺三：完形填空技巧
【真题再现】
完形填空1： (2014 武汉)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
There is an old English saying, \agreed with this is Norman Cousins.
Norman Cousins was the editor of a magazine called Saturday Review for almost forty years. He also＿ (1) and spoke about world peace and anti-war issues(反战议题), traveling to many different countries to share his ＿ (2).
In the 1960s, after returning to the United States from a busy and tiring trip to Europe. Mr. Cousins got ＿ (3). He discovered he had a strange disease that caused great pain in his bones(骨头).
In less than a week after he got back, he could not ＿ (4) it. Every move that he made was painful. He was not able to ＿ (5) at night. The doctor told Mr. Cousins that they did not know how to cure (治疗) his problem and he might never ＿ (6) the illness. Mr. Cousins, however, refused to give up hope.
Mr. Cousins thought that the illness could be caused by＿ (7) thoughts. He did not want to take ＿ (8) to cure himself. Instead, he felt that happy thoughts or laughter might cure his illness.
He began to experiment on himself while still in the hospital by watching comedy shows on television. Mr. Cousins quickly found that ten minutes of ＿ (9) laughter during the day gave him two hours of pain-free sleep at night.
Deciding that the ＿ (10) could not help him, Mr. Cousins left the hospital and checked into a hotel room where he could＿ (11) his experiments with laughter. For eight days, Mr. Cousins＿ (12) in the hotel room watching comedy shows on television, reading amusing books, and sleeping whenever he felt ＿ (13). Within three weeks, he felt well enough to take a vacation to Puerto Rico where he began running on the beach for ＿ (14).
After a few months, Mr. Cousins was ＿ (15) to carry on his work. He had laughed himself back to health.
1. A. laughed B. taught C. wrote D. copied 2. A. magazines B. subjects C. photos D. ideas 3. A. rich B. sick C. lonely D. famous 4. A. stand B. realize C. face D. improve 5. A. dream B. eat C. shout D. sleep 6. A. go through B. look after C. get over D. find out 7. A. unhappy B. pleasant C. silly D. clever 8. A. food B. time C. medicine D. money 9. A. unusual B. false C. real D. wild 10. A. friends B. laughter C. experiment D. doctors 11. A. begin B. end C. continue D. report 12. A. rested B. worked C. studied D. played 13. A. well B. tired C. afraid D. worried 14. A. help B. exercise C. freedom D. fun 15. A. able B. safe C. lazy D. uncertain 完形填空2： (2015 河北)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A teacher was giving a talk to his students on stress(压力) management．He raised a glass of water and asked them, “How 1 do you think this glass of water is?”
The students began to think and 2 ．Their answers are different, from 20g to 500g.
“It does not matter on the real 3 ．It depends on how long you hold it．If I hold it for a 4 it is OK．If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my right arm．If I hold it for a day, you will have to call a 5 ．It is the exact same weight, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it becomes．What we have to do is to put the glass down, 6 for a while before holding it up again.”
“If we carry our burdens(负担) 7 , sooner or later, we will not be able to carry on．The burden will become increasingly heavier．We have to 8 the burden every now and then, so that we can be refreshed and are able to carry on.”
So 9 you return home from work tonight, put the burden of work down．Don’t carry it back home．You can pick it up tomorrow.
Whatever burdens you have, let them down for a moment if you can．And learn to 10 ourselves.
Life is short but amazing．Enjoy it! 1. A．heavy B．full C．much D．long 2．A．read B．watch C．guess D．listen 3．A．glass B．weight C．water D．height 4．A．minute B．night C．day D．week 5．A．mother B．teacher C．doctor D．friend 6．A．rest B．shake C．look D．work 7．A．this time B．some other time C．next time D．all the time 8．A．give up B．put down C．pick up D．think about 9．A．after B．since C．before D．until 10．A．save B．help C．care D．relax 【答案与解析】 完形填空1：
1. C。句意：Norman Cousins在一个杂志作编辑作了40年，他也写关于世界和平及反战的议题。根据他的职业和后文\可知答案，故选C。
2. D。根据前文中Mr. Cousins的职业是editor可知他去不同的国家分享自己的想法可知选D。A. magazines杂志；B. subjects科目；C. photos照片；D. ideas想法。
3. B。句意：在上世纪60年代，当他从一次去欧洲的繁忙旅行回来之后，Cousins先生病了。根据后文中\可知选B。
4. A。A. stand忍受；B. realize 意识到；C. face面对；D. improve提高。根据后文对病情的描述可知他受不了疾病的痛苦，故选A。
5. D。A. dream梦想，做梦；B. eat吃；C. shout 喊叫；D. sleep睡觉。后文中得知是夜晚无法入眠，故选D。
6. C。A. go through经历，经受；B. look after照顾；C. get over恢复健康；D. find out发现，查明。从前文\句意：医生告诉Cousins先生他们不知道怎样治愈这种疾病，他可能不会恢复了。get over康复，故选C。
7. A。A. unhappy不开心的，不快乐的；B. pleasant令人愉快的； C. silly愚蠢的；D. clever聪明的。根据常识，导致疾病的肯定是不快乐的想法和思绪，故选A。
8. C。A. food食物；B. time时间；C. medicine药；D. money钱。能治疗疾病的肯定只有药物，而非食物、时间或金钱，故选C。
9. C。A. unusual不寻常的；B. false错的；C. real 真正的；D. wild野的。从前文中看完漫画和动画片得知发自内心的笑可以治疗疾病，故选C。
10. D。A. friends朋友们；B. laughter笑；C. experiment试验； D. doctors医生。后文说Mr. Cousins离开医院故此处肯定是他觉得医生帮不了他，故选D。
11. C。A. begin 开始；B. end结束；C. continue继续；D. report报告。从前文可知他待在酒店就是为了继续试验笑容治疗疾病的方法，故选C。
12. A。A. rested休息；B. worked工作；C. studied学习；D. played玩。从前文可知他待在酒店是为了休息，故选A。
13. B。句意：八天来，Cousins先生在这个旅馆的房间里休息，观看电视上的喜剧节目、读
有趣的书，当他累的时候就睡觉。A. well好的，身体好的；B. tired累的；C. afraid害怕的；D. worried担心的。故选B。
14. B。句意：三周内，他就感到身体已经足够的好，可以去波多黎各去度假。A. help帮助；B. exercise锻炼；C. freedom自由；D. fun有趣的，娱乐。Mr. Cousins经过治疗，已经可以在海滩跑步锻炼了，故选B。
15. A。A. able能；B. safe 安全的；C. lazy懒的；D. uncertain不能确定的。几个月以后，Cousins能够继续工作了。be able to能够，选A。 完形填空2： 1. A。heavy意为“重的”；full意为“满的”；much意为“多的”；long意为“长的”。由下文“from 20g to 500g”。可知，此处询问的是这杯水有多重，故选A。
2. C。read意为“读”；watch意为“观看”；guess意为“猜测”；listen意为“听”。由下文“Their answers are different”可知，学生并不知道水的重量，他们只是在猜测，故选C。
3. B。glass意为“玻璃杯”；weight意为“重量”；water意为“水”；height意为“高度”。由下文“It depends on how long you hold it.”可知，这杯水到底有多重并不重要，故选B。
4. A。minute意为“分钟”；night意为“晚上”；day意为“白天”；week意为“星期”。由下文“If I hold it for an hour...If I hold it for a day”可知，此处指如果将这杯水举一分钟，没有问题，故选A。 5. C。mother意为“母亲”；teacher意为“老师”；doctor意为“医生”；friend意为“朋友”。由上文和常识可知，如果将一杯水举一天，就需要叫医生了。故选C。
6. A。rest意为“休息”；shake意为“摇动”；look意为“看”；work意为“工作”。句意为：我们必须要做的是放下杯子，休息一会儿后再把它举起来，故选A。
7. D。句意为：如果我们一直承受负担，我们迟早会扛不住的。all the time意为“总是，一直”，符合文意，故选D。
8. B。give up意为“放弃”；put down意为“放下”；pick up意为“捡起”；think about意为“思考”。由上文“What we have to do is to put the glass down”可知，负担越来越重时，我们必须偶尔卸下负担，故选B。
9. C。由下文“Don’t carry it back home.”可知，在今晚下班回家之前，放下工作上的负担。before意为“在……之前”，符合文意，故选C。
10. D。save意为“节省”；help意为“帮助”；care意为“照看”；relax意为“放松”。由下文“Life is short but amazing．Enjoy it!”可知，生活很美好，但也很短暂，我们应学会放下负担，学会放松自己，故选D。
【用法讲解】
考试要求
完形填空主要考查学生综合运用语言的能力，要求学生从语篇层次上把握语言材料，在阅读理解的基础上进行逻辑推理，综合运用所学习的语言知识。完形填空主要考查对于文章上下文的理解和把握能力；对于词汇的意义和用法的理解和运用能力；根据生活常识进行推理和判断能力；对于习惯用语和短语的固定搭配掌握能力。 1. 完形填空的命题方式：
完形填空一般是200多个单词的短文，有目的地删除一些单词，留下空白让学生去还原。多数试题设计10－15个空，但是短文的第一个句子一般不设计空白。大部分试题是提供四个选项让学生选择能够填入空白处的最佳答案。也有部分试题是不提供选项，留下空白让学生去填所缺的单词。第三种试题是把删除的单词打乱顺序放在方框内让学生选择。 2. 完形填空的题型：
完形填空题所提供的短文大部分是记叙文，也有说明文和议论文。短文的题材广泛，可能包括幽默故事、英国文化知识、环境保护和学生校园生活等。完形填空考查的重点主要集中在下面这些方面：
（1）词汇题，可能是近义词的用法辨析或者是动词、名词、形容词、副词等词义和用法等，学生通过对上下文内容可以较容易地找出答案。
（2）常见固定搭配和习惯用法题，一般涉及到动词短语、介词短语等的搭配和用法。
（3）逻辑分析题，必须在掌握全文的主旨大意的前提下，通过对故事的线索、短文各段的逻辑关系、短文内容之间的逻辑关系及人物情感的发展等的分析和理解，选出答案。中考完形填空综合了语法知识、阅读理解和逻辑推理等方面的知识点，更加注重语言知识的应用性，突
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