2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题
SectionIDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]ontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)UseofEnglishFluidintelligenceisthetypeofintelligencethathastodowithshort-termmemoryandtheabilitytothinkquickly,logically,andabstractlyinordertosolvenewproblems.Ityoungadulthood,levelsoutforaperiodoftime,andthenage.Butmaynotbe.Onestudyfoundthatmusclelossandthe4ofbodyfataroundtheabdomenare5thatlifestylefactors321instartstoslowlydeclineasweagingisinevitable,scientistsarefindingthatcertainchangesinbrainfunctionassociatedwithadeclineinfluidintelligence.Thissuggeststhemighthelppreventor6thistypeofdecline.7Theresearcherslookedatdatathatmeasurementsofleanmuscleandabdominal8thatdatatofatfrommorethan4,000middle-to-older-agedmenandwomenandreportedchangesinfluidintelligenceoverasix-yearperiod.Theyfoundthatmiddle-agedpeople9yearshighermeasuresofabdominalfat11.12tochangesinimmunitythatresultedfrom13.Itishopedthat15formen10worseonmeasuresoffluidintelligenceastheForwomen,theassociationmaybeexcessabdominalfat;inmen,theimmunesystemdidnotappeartobefuturestudiescouldandwomen.16,therearestepsyoucan1714thesedifferencesandperhapsleadtodifferenttohelpreduceabdominalfatandmaintainlean18.Thetwo19ofmusclemassasyouageinordertoprotectbothyourphysicalandmentalhighlyrecommendedlifestyleapproachesaremaintainingorincreasingyouraerobicexerciseandfollowingaMediterranean-styleeliminateshighlyprocessedfoods.20thatishighinfiberand11.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.[A]pauses[A]alternatively[A]while[A]detection[A]possibility[A]delay[A]modified[A]devoted[A]with[B]returns[B]formally[B]since[B]accumulation[B]decision[B]ensure[B]supported[B]compared[B]above[B]managed[B]setoff[B]attributable[B]isolated[B]spread[B]symptoms[B]Meanwhile[B]watch[B]process[B]love[B]routine[C]peaks[C]accidentally[C]once[C]consumption[C]goal[C]seek[C]included[C]converted[C]by[C]scored[C]drewin[C]parallel[C]involved[C]remove[C]demands[C]Therefore[C]count[C]formation[C]knowledge[C]diet[D]fades[D]generally[D]until[D]separation[D]requirement[D]utilize[D]predicted[D]applied[D]against[D]played[D]wentby[D]resistant[D]controlled[D]explain[D]treatments[D]Instead[D]take[D]coordination[D]space[D]prescription10.[A]lived11.[A]ranout12.[A]superior13.[A]restored14.[A]alter15.[A]compensations16.[A]Likewise17.[A]change18.[A]well-being19.[A]level20.[A]designSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)2Text1Howcanthetrainoperatorspossiblyjustifyyetanotherincreasetorailpassengerfares?Ithasbecomeagrimlyreliableannualritual:everyJanuarythecostoftravellingbytrainrises,imposingasignificantextraburdenonthosewhohavenooptionbuttousetherailnetworktogettoworkorotherwise.Thisyear’srise,anaverageof2.7percent,maybeafractionlowerthanlastyear’s,butitisstillwellabovetheofficialConsumerPriceIndex(CPI)measureofinflation.Successivegovernmentshavepermittedsuchincreasesonthegroundsthatthecostofinvestinginandrunningtherailnetworkshouldbebornebythosewhouseit,ratherthanthegeneraltaxpayer.Why,theargumentgoes,shouldacar-drivingpensionerfromLincolnshirehavetosubsidisethedailycommuteofastockbrokerfromSurrey?Equally,thereisasensethatthetravailsofcommutersintheSouthEast,manyofwhomwillfaceamongthebiggestrises,havereceivedtoomuchattentioncomparedtothosewhomustenduretherelativelypoorinfrastructureoftheMidlandsandtheNorth.However,overthepast12months,thosecommutershavealsoexperiencedsomeoftheworstrailstrikesinyears.Itisallverywelltrainoperatorstrumpetingtheimprovementstheyaremakingtothenetwork,butpassengersshouldbeabletoexpectabasiclevelofserviceforthesubstantialsumstheyarenowpayingtotravel.Theresponsibilityforthelatestwaveofstrikesrestsontheunions.However,thereisastrongcasethatthosewhohavebeenworstaffectedbyindustrialactionshouldreceivecompensationforthedisruptiontheyhavesuffered.TheGovernmenthaspledgedtochangethelawtointroduceaminimumservicerequirementsothat,evenwhenstrikesoccur,servicescancontinuetooperate.Thisshouldformpartofawiderpackageofmeasurestoaddressthelong-runningproblemsonBritain’srailways.Yes,moreinvestmentisneeded,butpassengerswillnotbewillingtopaymoreindefinitelyiftheymustalsoendurecramped,unreliableservices,punctuatedbyregularchaoswhentimetablesarechanged,orplannedmaintenanceismanagedincompetently.Thethreatofnationalisationmayhavebeenseenofffornow,butitwillreturnwithavengeanceifthejustifiedangerofpassengersisnotaddressedinshortorder.21.Theauthorholdsthatthisyear’sincreaseinrailpassengersfares________.[A]willeasetrainoperation’sburden3
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2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)真题及答案
