外研版高中英语必修2 module 3 Grammar
◆●■when, while和as引导的时间 状语从句
when, while和as都可以引导时间状语从句,意为\当……\。当从句动作和主句动作同时发生,且从句动作为延续性动词时,when, while和as都可使用。这里 我们主要讲解一下它们的用法区别:
1. when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用,而while和as只能和延续性动词连用;when从句的谓语动作可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生,而while和as从句的谓语动作 一般是和主句谓语动作同时发生。如:
I was washing clothes when you called me last night. (call为短暂性动词)
The journalists took notes as they listened to the report.(listen为延续性动词) When he had found the book he took a deep breath.(found先发生) When I got to the airport my friend had already left.(got后发生)
2. 当强调伴随状态,意为\随着……;一边……一边……\时,一般用as。如: As time went by, the two strangers became familiar with each other. 3. 在将来时态的从句中,常用when,从句须用一般现在时表将来。如: When I arrive in London next week I will contact you.
◆●■过去完成时
1. 过去完成时的构成:助动词had + 过去分词,其否定形式为had + not + 过去分词。 2. 过去完成时的用法:
1)表示在过去某一时刻或某 一动作之前已经完成了的动作(即\过去的过去\或表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到另一过去时刻的动作或状态,常与by, for, before, since或由after, before, since, when, by the time等引导的时间状语从句连用。如: Jack had left for New York by ten o’clock.
By the time I got there, the game had already ended.
2)表示未曾实现的希望或打算,主要用于plan, hope, want, expect, think, suppose等动词,意为\原打算(希望、想要)……,但……\。如:
I had planned to visit Kate after class, but the heavy rain stopped me. We had thought to return early, but they wouldn’t let us go. 3)用于某些特殊句型中。如:
①It was the first / second ... time that ...中that从句的谓语动词要用过去完成时。意为\这是第一/ 二……次做……\。如:
This was the second time he had been here to help.
②It was ... since ... 后从句的谓语动词要用过去完成时,意为\自从……已经……\。如: It was three months since I had done a part-time job in that shop.
③no sooner ... than ...主句中要用过去完成时,从句中常用一般过去时,意为\刚……就……\。如:
We had no sooner set out than a thunderstorm broke.
④hardly ... when ... 的主句中要用过去完成时,从句中常用一般过去时,意为\一……就……\。如:
He had hardly left when it began to rain.
练习题
I. 从A、B、C和D 四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. It has been three years __________ we last met. A. since B. when C. before D. as
2. The clever boy _______ many poems by the time he was eight. A. writes B. was writing C. had written D. wrote
3. My parents praised me because I _________ dinner before they arrived home yesterday. A. had cooked B. cook C. have cooked D. was cooked 4. —_________ you _______ that film yet? What do you think of it? —Yes, I saw it two hours ago. It is great. A. Did; see B. Had; seen C. Have; seen D. Were; seeing
5. You won’t understand your mother ________ you become a mother yourself. A. if B. until C. as D. after
6. Come and visit me ________ it is convenient. I will show you around. A. when B. because C. unless D. since II. 下列各句中各有一处错误,请指出并改正。
1. By the time he was fifteen, Michael has written many songs by himself. 2. As they met again in Shanghai, twenty years had passed.
3. While she grew older, she found that things became more and more complex. 4. We had worked on the problem for three hours, but we haven’t worked it out. 5. Song Zuying is known for one of the best folk singers in China.
6. Our English teacher once had said that learning English needed confidence, cooperation and communication.
7. Joseph Haydn, an Austrian composer, called \
III. 短文改错。改正下列短文中标有题号的每行的错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、修改或删除。原行没有错的不要改。 Dear students,
I hope you’re as excited as I d o! We have 1._ _______ much to learning. I expect you to be in class as 2.________ much as possibly. You need to be ready to study 3.________ everyday! It’ll be hard, so it’ll be worth your 4.________ time and efforts. Ask me f or help when you need. 5.________ What can you expect for me? You can expect 6.________ me to care about you and tell you why your 7.________ grades are. I will e-mail them to you once in a 8.________ week. I will always talk with your parent. I’m 9.________ sure you will be happy in this class. 10.________
Mrs Dowling
参考答案 I.1-6 ACACBA
II. 1. has→had 2. As→When 3. While→As 4. had→have 5. for→as 6. 去掉had 7. called前加was
III. 1. do →am 2. learning →l earn 3. possibly →possible 4. so →but 5. need后加it 6. for →from 7. how →what 8. 去掉in 9. parent →parents 10. √
(完整)外研版高中英语必修2module3语法及习题
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