2020年江苏卷英语高考试题(含答案)

C. They had too short a history. D. They lost to new technologies.

60. The phone boxes are becoming popular mainly because of ______. （ ） A. their new appearance and lower prices B. the push of the local organizations C. their changed roles and functions D. the big funding of the businessmen

C

For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.

Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.

To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.

Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.

Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue.

Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.

But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found, Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.

The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.

61. The underlined expression \（ ）

A. digest the meal easily B. manage without breakfast C. decide wisely what to eat D. eat whatever is offered 62. Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment? （ ） A. Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people. B. Their lack of exercise led to overweight. C. They could walk at an average speed. D. They had slow metabolic rates.

63. What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise? （ ） A. They successfully lost weight. B. They consumed a bit more calories. C. They burned more fat on average. D. They displayed higher insulin levels. 64. What could be learned from the research? （ ） A. A workout after breakfast improves gene performances. B. Too much workout often slows metabolic rates. C. Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise. D. Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.

D

I was in the middle of the Amazon (亚马逊) with my wife, who was there as a medical researcher. We flew on a small plane to a faraway village. We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not entirely recognize the food. We could not have felt more foreign.

We were raised on books and computers, highways and cell phones, but now we were living in a village without running water or electricity It was easy for us to go to sleep at the end of the day feeling a little misunderstood.

Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer. I am not good at soccer, but that evening it was wonderful. Everyone knew the rules. We all spoke the same language of passes and shots. We understood one another perfectly. As darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goal keeper, Juan, walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way, \moon too?\

After I explained to Juan that yes, we did have a moon and yes, it was very similar to his, I felt a sort of awe (敬畏) at the possibilities that existed in his world. In Juan's world, each village could have its own moon. In Juan's world, the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous. Anything was possible.

In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon. We have looked at our planet from every angle and found all of the wildest things left to find. I can, from my computer at home, pull up satellite images of Juan's village. There are no more continents and no more moons to search for, little left to discover. At least it seems that way.

Yet, as I thought about Juan's question, I was not sure how much more we could really rule out. I am, in part, an ant biologist, so my thoughts turned to what we know about insect life and I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown. How much, though? How ignorant (无知的) are we? The question of what we know and do not know constantly bothered me.

I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new monkey, new spider…, and on and on they appear. My drawer quickly filled. I began a second drawer for more general discoveries: new cave system discovered with dozens of nameless species, four hundred species of bacteria found in the human stomach. The second drawer began to fill and as it did I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there, not just species, but life that depends on things thought to be useless, life even without DNA. I started a third drawer for these big discoveries. It fills more slowly, but all the same, it fills.

In looking into the stories of biological discovery, I also began to find something else, a collection of scientists, usually brilliant occasionally half-mad, who made the discoveries. Those scientists very often see the same things that other scientists see, but they pay more attention to them, and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion (穷尽), and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers. In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the stories of these people and how their lives changed our view of the world.

We are repeatedly willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover. We used to think that insects were the smallest organisms (生物), and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new turns up, more often than not, we do not even know its name. 65. How did the author feel on his arrival in the Amazon? （ ）

A. Out of place. B. Full of joy. C. Sleepy. D. Regretful. 66. What made that Amazonian evening wonderful? （ ） A. He learned more about the local language. B. They had a nice conversation with each other. C. They understood each other while playing. D. He won the soccer game with the goal keeper.

67. Why was the author surprised at Juan's question about the moon? （ ）

A. The question was too straightforward. B. Juan knew so little about the world. C. The author didn't know how to answer. D. The author didn't think Juan was sincere.

68. What was the author's initial purpose of collecting newspaper articles? （ ） A. To sort out what we have known. B. To deepen his research into Amazonians. C. To improve his reputation as a biologist. D. To learn more about local cultures.

69. How did those brilliant scientists make great discoveries? （ ） A. They shifted their viewpoints frequently. B. They followed other scientists closely. C. They often criticized their fellow scientists. D. They conducted in-depth and close studies.

70. What could be the most suitable title for the passage? （ ） A. The Possible and the Impossible B. The Known and the Unknown C. The Civilized and the Uncivilized D. The Ignorant and the Intelligent

第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 ．．注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

Humor

If you see humor as an optional form of entertainment, you're missing some of its biggest benefits: Humor makes average-looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem entertaining. Studies show that a good sense of humor even makes you seem smarter.

Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that can have an effect on everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal life. The increase of energy will even make you more willing to exercise, and that will raise your overall energy even more.

Humor also transports your mind away from your daily troubles. Humor lets you better understand life and

sometimes helps you laugh at even the worst of your problems.

In my experience, most people think they have a sense of humor, and to some degree that's true. But not all senses of humor are created equal. So I thought it would be useful to include some humor tips for everyday life.

You don't have to be the joke teller in the group in order to show your sense of humor. You can be the one who directs the conversation to fun topics that are ripe for others to add humor. Every party needs a straight person. You'll appear fun and funny by association.

When it comes to in-person humor, effort counts a lot. When people see you trying to be funny, it frees them to try it themselves. So even if your own efforts at humor fall short, you might be freeing the long kept humor in others. People need permission to be funny in social settings because there's always a risk that comes with humor. For in-person humor, quality isn't as important as you might think. Your attitude and effort count a lot.

Some people — and I was one of them — believe that humorous complaints about the little problems of life make humor, and sometimes that is the case. The problem comes when you start doing too much complaint-based humor. One funny observation about problem in your life can be funny, but five is just complaining, no matter how smart you think you are. Funny complaints can wear people out.

Self-deprecating humor (自嘲式) is usually the safest type, but here again you don't want to overshoot the target. One self-deprecating comment is a generous and even confident form of humor. You have to be at least a bit self-assured to laugh at yourself in front of others. But if you do it too often, you can transform in the eyes of others from a confident joker to a Chihuahua dog.

Humor ● Humor is form of (71)________. Humor can improve one's ________ and personality. Benefits of humor ● Humor can make one (73) ________ in his work, study, and life. ● Humor has a positive (74) ________ effect when we are in difficulties. ● (76) ________ others for a conversation of fun is as good as telling a joke yourself when showing your sense of humor. (75) ________to follow ● Quality counts (77) ________ than attitude and effort — even stupid joke can (78) ________ others of risk and embarrassment. ● One humorous complaint makes funny person. But too many complaints will Traps to (79) ________ (80) ________ your audience.