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专题六 非谓语动词
[全国卷考情分析]
题型分类 典题试做 1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fast food is full of fat and salt; by eating(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their 1.考查非谓语动词的diet. 语法填空 2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But unlike her school friends，16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting(rest)． 句法功能(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等)； 2．考查固定搭配中的命题解读 3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Skilled workers also combine 非谓语动词。 various hardwoods and metal to create(create) special designs. 1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ) The instructor kept repeating the words，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning→Turn left！” 2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ) When summer comes，they will 短文改错 ∧invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables! 3．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)We can choose between staying at home and take→taking a trip. 1.谓语动词与非谓语动词的错用； 2．过去分词与现在分词的错用； 3．不定式符号to的多余或缺失； 4．to是介词还是不定式符号的误判。
(对应学生用书第202页)
[先试做题组] 单句语法填空
1．(2015·天津高考)Having worked(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
2．Henry can't attend the party being held(hold) at Tom's house at present because
非谓语动词的形式及意义 试卷+教案+习题
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he is preparing the speech at the party to be held(hold) at Marie's house tomorrow. 3．(重庆高考)The engine just won't start.Something seems to have gone(go)wrong with it. [再解读要点]
非谓语动词 不定式 一般式 主动语态 to do to be doing to have done doing having done done 被动语态 to be done 意义 表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生 表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生 表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词的动作之前 表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生 进行式 不定式 完成式 现在分词/动名词 现在分词/动名词 过去分词 to have been done being done 一般式 完成式 having been 表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的done 动作发生 与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表完成 一般式 (2017·江苏高考)Many Chinese brands，having developed their reputations over centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market.
很多中国品牌历经几个世纪树立了声誉，它们正面临着当代市场带来的新挑战。
(北京高考)There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.在我们准备在月球上长住之前，还有很多问题仍需要解决。
[先试做题组] Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2017·北京高考)Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online to save(save) their valuable time.
2．(2017·天津高考)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment，allowing(allow) more patients to be treated. Ⅱ.单句改错
(2017·北京高考)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranged
非谓语动词作状语 试卷+教案+习题
试卷+教案+习题
from butterflies to elephants.ranged→ranging
[再解读要点] 1．不定式作状语
(1)作目的状语，可用so as to/ in order to替换，但 so as to一般不可置于句首，意为“为了；想要”。
(2016·北京高考)To make it easier to get in touch with us，you'd better keep this card at hand.
为了便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。
(2)作结果状语，常表示出乎意料的结果，常用于下列结构中：only to do；enough to do(足够做……)；too...to do...(太……而不能……)；so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)等。
(四川高考)Tom took a taxi to the airport，only to find his plane high up in the sky. 汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。
(3)作原因状语，常用在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”结构中。这类形容词有：easy，difficult，hard，cheap，expensive，fit，comfortable，heavy，good，important，impossible，dangerous，surprised，astonished，delighted，disappointed 等。
(辽宁高考)We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition. 令我们吃惊的是，这座寺庙仍保持着最初的样子。 易错警示 语法填空和短文改错中常考查 “主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，句子的主语和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且此时不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义。另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是及物动词；若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。 2．分词作状语 非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
(2016·北京高考)Ordered over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.这些书是一个多星期以前订购的，现在有望随时到货。
(2015·重庆高考)Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way using the sun and the stars.
像古代的船员一样，鸟类可以利用太阳和星星找到它们的路。
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