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Grammar Noun Clauses
I:定义 名词性从句就是一个句子当作名词用，在复合句中作主语、宾语、表
语或同位语。因此名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
II: 名词性从句最需要注意的两点是：1）语序－陈述语序；2）时态的一致性。 III:能引导名词性从句的关联词有：
1：what(what引导的名词性从句在复合句中作主语、宾语、表语；what本身
在从句中也可作主语、宾语或表语) eg. What you said is wrong.
I can’t understand what you said. Time is what he wants.
What surprised me most was that he finished the difficult work in such a short time. (what在主语从句中也作主语。
Our country is no longer what it was 50 years ago.(what 在此表语从句中也作表语)
2：that (在句中不作任何语法成分，除在宾语从句外不能省略)，它可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 eg. That he said nothing at the meeting surprised all of us. It is necessary that he should learn a foreign language. He said (that) he would be a writer when he grew up. The reason why he doesn’t come to the meeting is that he is ill.
The news that our women volleyball team won the gold prize excited all of
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us.
注意：1）如果一个动词有两个that引导的宾语从句，第一个that可省，第
二个that不能省。
2）如何区别同位语从句和定语从句中的that
that引导定语从句时为关系代词，在从句中从当成分，若充当宾语
可省；定语从句修饰它前面的名词。而引导同位语从句的that是连接词，他在从句中既不充当成分也无意义，只起连接作用，但不可省去。他对前面的名词不起修饰作用，而是它本身。
eg. The fact that you are talking about is very important.
你们正在谈的情况很重要。（定语从句）
The fact that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all. 月球上没有生命这一事实是众所周知的。（同位语从句）
3：whether和 if
whether 和if 引导名词性从句的一点相同，六点不同：
1) 引导及物动词的宾语从句时可以互换，如： He asked me if (whether) I would attend the meeting. 2) 下面六种情况用whether不用if (1) 引导主语从句
Whether we will hold the sports meet next week depends on the weather. (2)引导表语从句
The question is whether he will come.
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（3） 引导同位语从句
I have no idea whether we can win the match. (4) 和or not 紧贴着连用时
Do you know whether or not he will come? (5) 作介词宾语时
Please go and find out whether there is a bus . It depends on whether he is coming or not. (6) 和不定式连用
I can’t decide whether to go or stay.
4: 连接代词 who, which, whose , whoever, whatever, whichever
Do you know who he is?
Whoever leaves last turns off the lights.
It is unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. Please tell me which class he is in. Whichever you take will be yours.
Whose dictionary has not been found is still unknown. 5: 连接副词 when, where, how, why I don’t know when he will leave.
How and why he came to China is still unknown. The problem is where we can get the material. Why he often comes here is known to us all.
IV: 同位语从句前的名词常见的有:news, idea, fact, thought, promise, belief,
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doubt, hope, wish, theory, order, word, suggestion, question, possibility, reason等。但一定不是表示时间、地点、原因之类的名词。
Word came that no language but German may be taught in France. The question where we can find the lost children is very important.
He made a promise that he would buy me a computer if I got full marks in the English exam.
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people. There is no doubt that the prices of cars will soon go down.
注意：the reason 后面的表语从句只能由that引导，中国学生易犯”the reason is because…的错误。Eg.
The reason why he is absent from work is that he is seriously ill.
Exercises: A(90年以后高考题)
1. No one will be sure _____in a million years.(M91-37) A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 2. _____the Games will be held in Beijing is not known.(M92-22) A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 3. It worried her a bit____ her hair was turning gray.(M92-25) A. which B. that C. if D. for
4. _____you don’t like him is none of my business.(S92-19) A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
5.____he said at the meeting astonished everybody.(M93-23)
A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter
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6.—Do you remember_____ he came? --Yes, I do, he came by car.(N94_12) A. how B. when C. that D. if 7. Tell me____ you want and I’ll try to help you. A. Where B. that C. what D. whether
8.____is a fact that English is accepted as international language.(N95-37) A. There B. This C. That D. It
9. Sarah hopes to become a friend of______ shares her interests.(S95-18) A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 10.____we can’t get seems better than ___ we have.(N96-22) A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what
11.____we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.(n96-25) a. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
12.It is generally considered unwise to give a child____ he or she wants.(N97-6) A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 13.----caused the accident is still a complete mystery.(S98-5) A. What B. That C. How D. Where
14.It was a matter of____ would take the position.(S98-24) A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever 15.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. ---Is that____ you had a few days off?(N99-13) A. why B. when C. what D. where
16.____has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.(S99-3) A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever 17.It was ____ he said____ disappointed me.)S99-5)
A. what; that B. that; what C. what; what D. that; that
18.These wild flowers are so special I would do ____I can to save them.(B00-25) A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever
19.Eat____cake you like and leave the others for _____comes in late.(CS00-7)
A. any; who B. every; whoever C. whichever; whoever D. either; whoever
20.___she couldn’t understand was ___ fewer and fewer students show interest in her lessons.(S00-27) A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that
21.What the doctors really doubt is ____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.(SC01-29) A. when B. how C. whether D. why
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名词性从句
