behavior and create stronger social relationships.
But how do people from different cultures detect natural laughter so easily? And what characters does real laughter have? As Professor Jessica Wolf of the University of California told the Association for Psychological Science, in real laughter, we produce qualities, such as higher pitch (音调) and volume, as well as faster bursts of no clear sounds.
By contrast, fake laughter will “sound like speech”. According to Science Daily, fake laughter is controlled by the same brain system that controls the lips and tongue. Bryant further explained that this system has active ability, saying “with this speech system, you can make a lot of different noises, including crying, laughter or scream. That’s where fake laughter comes from”.
So that? s something to think about: next time one of your friends laughs at something you say, will you be able to tell if it’s real or fake? 8. What did the study find?
A. Real laughter is produced from people’s heart. B. People can tell real laughter from fake laughter. C. People have trouble recognizing real laughter.
D. Laughter is a kind of universal body language in the world.
9. Why are residents of Samoan accurate in identifying natural laughter? A. They put much emotion to knowing others. B. They often predict others’ behaviors. C. They aren’t well educated.
D. They have a strong social relationship. 10. What characters does real laughter have? A. Clearer words. C. Higher sound.
B. Slower speed. D. More like a speech.
11. What can we learn about the fake laughter system? A. It controls ears and eyes. B. It works like speech systems. C. It encourages people to copy others.
D. It can make people produce various noises.
D
Scientists are attempting to extract (提取) cells from a 40,000-year-old horse in hope of using the sample to clone the extinct (灭绝的) species back into existence. The male baby horse was discovered in 2018 in permafrost (永冻土) in northeastern Siberia of Russia.
A team of scientists from South Korea and Russia believes the young horse, called the Lenskaya or Lena horse, was about 20 days old when it died. The species of horse, now extinct, is between 30,000 and 40,000 years old. Thanks to the terrible coldness, the animal’s tissue was preserved enough for the scientists to obtain samples.
Semyon Grigoriev, head of the lab at the Mammoth (猛犸象) Museum of the North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk, said the horse was “well - preserved” and a “great find”. There is no damage to the horse’s body and even its hair is undamaged. The unfortunate animal, according to Gngo-riev, “could have drowned after falling into some kind of a natural trap.”
Hwang Woo-suk, a researcher from South Korea working on the project, said, “If researchers find a cell, they will do their best to clone the animal. If we get live cells from this ancient baby horse, it would be wonderful in terms of cloning.”
After that, they will make a cloned embryo (胚胎) and a female horse carry it as its mother. Hwang said modern-day horses are “very similar to the ancient one,” so there would be no problem getting help from a modern-day female horse.
The scientists are hoping the experiment on the baby horse will give them experience in progressing toward their ambitious goal-bringing back the extinct woolly mammoth.
“If we manage to clone the horse-it will be the first step to cloning the mammoth.” Hwang said.
12 Why was the Lenskaya horse kept in good condition? A. The temperatures were extremely low. C. Alocal museum had preserved it. 13. What do we know about the baby horse? A. It was a female horse. C. Its hair was partly destroyed.
B. It might have died by accident. D. Its tissue can hardly be found. B. It was buried under the ground. D. It died quite young.
.14 What must the researchers do before cloning the extinct horse? A. Know more about extinct ancient horses. C. Find an ideal modern - day female horse. 15. What can be the best title for the text? A. A new horse species found in Siberia
B. How to preserve ancient animals’ tissues B. Make an embryo i a female horse. D. Get live cells from the baby horse.
C. Scientists attempt to clone extinct horse D. How to extract cells from extinct species
第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Parents of children and teens who play football may worry about their bodies getting injury. Younger football players have the lowest chance of injury. ____16____ Therefore, it’s necessary for players to know the rules of playing football whether they are young or old. The following can be used to reduce the chance of injuries while players are still enjoying the game.
____17____ The American Academy of Pediatrics advises players and their families talk about whether the risks of injury outweighs the benefits of playing football. Football has many benefits, including regular exercise, learning to be part of a team,and social growth and development. Families who decide to play can take steps to reduce the chances of serious injury.
Play by the rules. When players know the rules of the game—what’s legal and what’s not—fewer injuries happen. ____18____ For example, players should know that in football they can’t come from behind, crash into a player’s legs, and steal the ball. It’s legal and safer to go after the ball rather than the player.
Wear legal equipment. ____19____ Because illegal equipment leads to serious injuries of the head and neck. It’s also the leading cause of severe injuries in football,but remember the protection of legal equipment doesn’t depend on its quantity.
Get good training. Players should learn the right way to use a tackle (装备). ____20____ Correct training could lower injury for younger players. Older players could be at a greater risk of injury if they first learn to use tackle and never learn the correct skill. A. Take steps to lower football injury. B. Weigh the risks and benefits.
C. The more legal equipment players wear, the less injury they will get.
.D. Legal equipment can give football players important protection. E. Players should know what to expect from each other.
F. Doing this and practicing the skills often make sure players are correctly trained. G. As players get older, stronger and faster, the chance of injury goes up.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nobody can inspire us like great teachers. They show us things about ourselves we can’t see. They see ____21____ in us that others, including ourselves can’t or won’t see. ____22____ they give us the courage to find our own way and enough ____23____ to show us that what we feel ____24____ is anything but that.
When Bill Gates ____25____ Seattle’s View Ridge Elementary School, he was a really unattractive and shy fourth grader. ____26____ a kindly librarian named Blanche Caffiere, he was ____27____ to come into his own in a way that would one day ____28____ the world forever. Gates sets the stage for this tale like this:
“When I first met Mrs Caffiere, she was the elegant and engaging school ____29____, and I was a shy fourth grader. I was ____30____ trying to go unnoticed, because I had some big shortcomings, like terrible handwriting…and I was trying to hide the ____31____ that I liked to read - something that was cool for girls but not for boys… Mrs Caffiere took me under her wing.”
He was grateful to Mrs Caffiere for helping him become less ____32____, which resulted from the true spirit of ____33____ teaching. First she encouraged Gates’ enthusiasm for ____34____ by helping him explore it through the use of introspective (内省的) questions, ____35____ what he liked to read and why. Next, she would go out of her ____36____ to source books that were ____37____ more interesting and challenging for him. Finally, ____38____ he’d read them, she would sit down with him and ask him if he liked what he had read, and more ____39____ what he’d learned and why. “She basically ____40____ what I had to say.” Gates recalled. 21. A. ambition 22. A. Above all
B. distinction B. For instance
C. potential C. In consequence
D. discrimination D. By contrast
23. A. guidance 24. A. unconditional 25. A. built 26. A. Apart from 27. A. willing 28. A. change 29. A. supporter 30. A. amazedly 31. A. fact
B. success B. unbelievable B. attended B. But for B. anxious B. discover B. librarian B. desperately B. concept B. typical B. significant B. reading B. instead of B. house B. progressively B. once B. seriously B. stuck to
C. science C. incorrect C. designed C. Thanks to C. eager C. enjoy C. principal C. proudly C. event C. shy C. fundamental C. speaking C. such as C. way C. frequently C. although C. strictly C. referred to
D. intelligence D. impossible D. finished D. Regardless of D. able D. create D. owner D. helplessly D. conclusion D. unnoticed D. remarkable D. writing D. as for D. office
D. extraordinarily D. unless D. importantly D. turned to
32. A. unattractive 33. A. active 34. A. listening 35. A. together with 36. A. business 37. A. naturally 38 A. until
39. A. honestly 40. A. listened to
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
NASA has a new job listing, and it’s no joke. The US space agency is looking for a “joker” to join their ____41____ (plan) mission to Mars.
A mission to Mars is no laughing matter. ____42____ is known that Mars is 225 million kilometers away from Earth. A trip there would take around eight months in a small spacecraft. “When you’re living with others in a confined (封闭的) space for a long period of time, such as on a mission to Mars, problems are likely ____43____ (happen)” Jeffrey Johnson, a scientist at the University of Florida, ____44____ (say) to the Guardian. This is probably ____45____ NASA wants an astronaut with a sense of humor. “These are people that have the ____46____ (able) to pull everyone together.” Johnson said.
.
安徽省芜湖市2019-2020学年高二上学期教学质量检测英语试题（学生版）
