考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析

可以补足为not having a job。all other factors being equal是一个独立主格结构，在本句中作为插入短语，起到限制的作用。

23. I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of “have it all”,preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven years in the pages of She magazine,into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything.

【译文】 我从一个“全力以赴”的生活哲学——在过去七年里林达·凯尔西一直在《女性》杂志鼓吹这种生活方式——的积极倡导者，一改而成为随遇而安的女人。

【分析】 该句的主干结构是I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of “have it all” … into a woman。preached by… magazine是过去分词短语，作the philosophy of “have it all”的定语，插在from…into之中，造成了句子的割裂。翻译时，可把分词短语译成一个分句，其他照原文顺序翻译。

24. I have discovered,as perhaps Kelsey will after her much publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build up of stress,that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”,and making the alternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.

【译文】 我发觉，放弃那种“日夜操劳的生活”信念而选择“放慢生活的节奏”会带来比金钱和社会地位更大的回报。凯尔西在长期经受巨大压力后，从惹人注目的《女性》杂志编辑部退出之后，恐怕她也将与我有同样的感觉。

【分析】 本句中as perhaps Kelsey will…引导的方式状语从句放到了主句的谓语动词discovered与that引导的宾语从句之间，从而造成动宾之间的分割。as引导的从句中省略了谓语动词discover，是为了避免重复。宾语从句中主语为abandoning…and making…并列的动名词短语；谓语为bring sth with sth结构，只是因宾语过长，而把with短语提前了。

25. Tom came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which,in its strongest form,states that language imprisons the mind,and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far reaching consequences for the culture of a society.

【译文】 汤姆进而相信某种类似语言决定论的观点，其极端说法是：语言禁锢思维，语言的语法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。

【分析】 句子的主干为Tom came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism。which引导限制性定语从句，修饰linguistic determinism。在由which引导的定语从句中，谓语动词states跟了两个宾语从句：一是that language imprisons the mind，一是and that the grammatical patterns…society。注意：句中imprison the mind不能译成“把大脑 (或思想) 关进牢房”，只能译成“禁锢思想 (或思维)”。

26. These days the Net,which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail,is reshaping Donovan`s vocation as well.

【译文】 互联网已经改变了购书和寄信这样的日常活动，如今也正在改变多诺万所从事的职业。

【分析】 句子的主干是the Net…is reshaping Donovan`s vocation，由which引导的非限定性定语从句 (which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail)用来补充说明the Net。

27. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media,and with it,a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.

【译文】 反快乐艺术的兴起几乎完全与大众传媒同步出现，而随之兴起了一种商业文化，在这种文化中，快乐不仅是一个理想，而且是一种意识形态。

【分析】 此句是一个简单句，主干是The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media…a commercial culture。with it中的it是指the emergence of mass media。另外，in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology是一个定语从句，修饰a commercial culture。

28. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come,not to see the plays,but to look at Anne Hathaway`s Cottage,Shakespeare`s birthplace and the other sights.

【译文】 也有一些市镇居民很大程度上依靠游客生活，这些游客不是来看戏剧的，而是游览安娜.海瑟威的小屋、莎士比亚诞生地以及其他景点的。

【分析】 定语从句 (who largely live off the tourists) 修饰the townsfolk，而该定语从句的宾语the tourists的后面又跟了另一个定语从句。注意，不能把not to see the plays的主语看作是the townsfolk。

29. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation.

【译文】 根据他们最近在《自然》杂志上发表的文章，大型食肉的海洋生物（一种杀死和吃其它动物的生物）的捕获量在不到15年的时间里已经减少了80%。

【分析】 句子的结构比较简单，但要注意数字的表述，而这正是考试的内容。在新渔场开始捕鱼的15年之内，大型捕食动物的生物量平均减少80%，而在此之后又减少了一半，即剩下的20%又减少了一半，因而应该只剩下10%了。

30. But this was not always the case； before it was legally required for all children to attend school until a certain age,it was widely accepted that some were just not equipped by nature to pursue this kind of education.

【译文】 但是情况并不总是如此；在法律要求所有儿童在一定年龄之前必须上学，人们普遍认为有些儿童天生就不适合接受这种教育。

【分析】 全句由两个分句组成，前后用分号隔开。在第二个分句的主句中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是some were just not equipped by nature to pursue this kind of education。it was widely accepted意为“人们普遍认为”。

31. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught,so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.

【译文】 这意味着更高比例的海洋生物正在被捕杀，因此介于现在和过去这一段时间，海洋生物量的真正差别可能比捕获量所记录的变化更要糟糕。

【分析】 这是一个因果复合句，前半句是原因，后半句表示结果。而在表示原因的从句中，宾语较为复杂，of后面跟了一个主语从句，其主句又是一个主语从句。what is in the sea是一种婉转的说法，即海洋中的生物，或文中所说的生物量 (biomass) 。另外，注意recorded by changes in catch sizes是一个过去分词结构，修饰the one(即the actual biomass)。

32. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught,since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them,leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past.

【译文】 有些鱼因此并没有被捕获，因为没有更多的带饵鱼钩来捕获它们，这就导致低估过去的鱼量。

【分析】 这是一个因果复合句，主句是Some individuals would therefore not have been caught。leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past作从句的状语。

33. There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.

【译文】 届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视聊天节目以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标，监控器就会使其停驶。

【分析】 本句的主干结构是There will be television chat show… and cars…。过去分词结构hosted by robots修饰television chat shows，而限制性定语从句(that will disable them when they offend)则修饰前面的pollution monitors，状语从句(when they offend) 是限制性定语从句的状语。

34. NBAC will ask that Clinton's 90-day ban on federal funds for human cloning be extended indefinitely,and possibly that it be made law.

【译文】 NBAC会要求将克林顿所颁布的在90天内禁止联邦基金用于克隆人的禁令无限期地延续下去，还可能要求将之立法。

【分析】 这个句子的主语是NBAC，谓语ask后面是两个并列的宾语从句，找出ask的两个宾语从句是理解这个句子的关键，同时注意虚拟语气的运用，明白谓语动词为什么用be动词原形。在第一个从句中，主语是ban，谓语是be extended，即the 90-day ban should be extended。在第二个从句中，it指代the ban on federal funds for human cloning。

35. In a draft preface to the recommenddations, discussed at the 17 May meeting,Shapiro suggested that the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be “morally unacceptable to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning.”

【译文】 在5月17日的会议上所讨论的这份建议书的序言草案中，夏皮罗提出，专家组已经达成广泛共识，那就是“试图通过成人细胞核克隆来制造人类幼儿的做法在道德上是不可接受的”。

【分析】 这个简单句的主干其实就是Shapiro suggested that从句。主语前面的部分是该句的状语，其中recommendations后面的过去分词结构是表明时间的修饰成分。主句的宾语从句中包含了一个consensus的同位语从句，解释的是consensus的内容，这个同位语从句中的it充当的是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning。该句的主要信息集中的两个地方：一个是the panel…found… consensus…，另一个是对于consensus的解释，尤其是对其中形式主语的理解。