英语II（1） Unit1-1
1. 求职信的内容顺序
(1) the connection you have with the company； (2) details of your current studies； (3) what you did at school；
(4) details of your interests, which are relevant to the job applied for；
(5) examples of your work；
(6) when you are available for the interview.
2.求职信的格式
(1) 信的右上角是与发信人相关的信息（如地址、邮政编码，电话/传真/email、写信日期），左上角是收信人的地址。英文中的邮政编码由字母和数字组合而成。日期的书写上又有着英式和美式写法，英式日期先写日期，再写月份，最后再写年，而美式写法则先写月，再写日，最后再写年。 (2) 左起顶格写称谓。 (3) 左起顶格写信的主题。 (4) 信的正文。 (5) 敬语及写信人签名。
3.求职信中常用的句式
★ I am writing to …
(1) I am writing to enquire about the possibility of a placement on the Sports Desk of your newspaper during the summer period.
我写信是为了询问暑期是否有可能在贵报社的体育编辑部实习。
(2) I am writing to apply for the position of Senior Secretary at your company that was advertised in the Classified Section of the Business Post on 7 December.
12月7日<商报>分类广告上刊登了贵公司的招聘启事. 本人欲申请高级秘书一职。 ★ I hear from sb. that…
(1) I hear from my colleagues that you sometimes take on students for work experience during the summer vacation. My friend and colleague Jack White worked for you last summer.
我听我同事说贵处有时接收学生进行暑期实习。我的一位朋友也是我的同事Jack White去年暑假就在您那儿工作过。
(2) I hear from my uncle that you need a typist. He is working with the Foreign Languages Department at your university.
我听我叔叔说贵处需要一名打字员。 他在贵校的外语部工作。
★ I am currently studying…
(1) I am currently studying Sports Journalism at Lancaster University.
我目前在兰卡斯特大学学习体育新闻学。 (2) I am currently studying Education Management at Birmingham University.
我目前在伯明翰大学学习教育管理。 ★ I would be interested in doing sth.
(1) I would be interested in working for the Liverpool Echo during July and August.
我有兴趣在七、八月份为利物浦之声工作。 (2) I would be interested in working for the Human Resources Department in your company. 我对贵公司的人力资源部的工作较为感兴趣。 ★ My main specialization is…
(1) My main specialization is racquet sports, but I am happy to work across a full range of sports. 我的专长是（报道）拍类运动，但是我很乐于报道各类运动。 (2) My main specialization is English literature. 我的专长是英国文学。 ★ I particularly enjoy…
(1) I particularly enjoy film and photography, I am able to support my journalistic writing with appropriate photographs when required. 我尤其喜欢电影和摄影。如有必要，我可以为我的新闻稿配上恰当的照片(2) I particularly enjoy singing, I am able to arouse my students’interest in learning English by teaching them English songs. 我尤其喜欢唱歌，我能通过教同学们唱英文歌曲来提高他么学习英语的兴趣。
★ I am enclosing some examples of …
(1) I am enclosing some examples of my writing from my course work, including a feature article on \prize last term.
随函附上课程作业的一些样本，还有一篇有关―斯诺克中的女性‖的特稿。该篇特稿上学期获得了期末奖。
(2) I am enclosing some of my recent photographs,
which were taken at my university. 随函附上新近在大学拍的一些照片．
★ straightaway径直
★ I am available for an interview … (1) I am available for an interview at any time. 我随时可以接受面试。
(2) I am free for an interview at any time, if you can give me at least two days’ notice.
我随时可以接受面试，请至少提前两天通知本人。 ★ as usual和平常一样
(1) As usual, he arrived last. 和平常一样，他最后到达。
(2) I have forgotten something as usual. 和平常一样，我又忘了一件事。
★ family 集合名词 the rest of 其他的 里就给你写信。
(3) I can come to an interview any afternoon, between 3.00 and 5.30, if you can give me one week’s notice. 我每天下午3：00至5：30都可以接受面试，请至少提前一周通知我。
★ Thank you for your consideration of this application. 谢谢您对于此申请的考虑。 ★ I look forward to hearing from you. 期待着您的回信。
英语II（1） Unit1-2
★ my brothers and I 我和我的兄弟们
(1) Mary, Kate and I went to the cinema yesterday evening.
(2) This is just between you and me. ★ used to过去常常做某事
(1) She used to bring home all the new stamps. 她过去总是将所有的新发行的邮票带回家
(2) My mother didn’t use to work during the week. 我妈妈过去在一周的工作日内不上班。 ★ on 与时间连用:
on Saturdays; on 8 July; on 8 July, 2004 ;on Monday; on his seventieth birthday;on the day of the World Cup football final.
使用了this, last或next，则不用介词on。如：this/last/next Saturday afternoon
★ ―在早上/下午/晚上‖，一般要用介词in：in the morning/afternoon/evening
★ ―在夜晚‖,at night, 当指某个特定的早上/下午/晚上，则需使用介词on。如：on Monday morning/afternoon/evening on Sunday night on a rainy/sunny afternoon ★ as soon as 一……就……
(1) As soon as she got out of bed the telephone stopped ringing. 她一下床，电话铃就不响了。 (2) As soon as we get the tickets we’ll send them to you. 我们一拿到票就给你们送过来。
(3) I’ll write to you as soon as I get there. 我一到那
Some students are cleaning the floor, while the rest of the class are playing football. 一些学生在清洁地板，而班里的其他学生在踢足球。 ★ to burst in突然进入（房间等） (1) As we burst in, my mother was standing behind the counter.
(2) The police burst into the room and arrested the thief. 警察突然闯进房间逮捕了那个小偷。 ★ to be waiting to do sth. 正等着做某事 She was waiting to sell us a very special limited
edition with ENGLAND WINNERS on each stamp. ★ over the moon 高兴极了 ★ worth值得
(1) is worth a lot of money值很多钱 (2) be worth the trouble 虽然麻烦但是值 (3) be worth all the effort 值得付出努力
(4) The dress is worth at least seventy dollars, I guess. 我猜那件衣服至少值70美元。
(5) The film is really worth seeing. 那部电影的确值得一看。 英语II（1） Unit2-1
★ worrying 让人担忧的
★ expert（有专门的知识和技术的）专家 specialist （专门从事某项研究的）专家 ★ It was… who，强调结构。
(1) It is the doctor who saved his life. 是那位医生救了他的命。
(2) It was three weeks later that I knew he had married Lucy.
★ to take care of = to look after照顾，照看 ★ to get on = to get along相处得好
★ to look like看起来像 to take after 性格、气质、脾气等像
★ to hate doing sth. 讨厌做某事 ★ in the country 在乡下，农村地区
★ good-natured 本性好 ★ to bring up把孩子带大，养大 She was easy to bring up. 她很乖。
★ to remember to do 记住要做什么 to remember doing 记得做过什么
(1) Remember to take an umbrella with you. It’s going to rain soon. 记着带上雨伞，很快要下雨了。 (2) I remember taking an umbrella with me, but I can’t (5) He often tells his son off. (6) He often tells him off.
3.4 由三部分组成的短语动词一般是及物不可分的，宾语无论是名词还是代词都必须跟在短语动词之后。
(1) She takes care of the children on Tuesdays. (2) She takes care of them on Tuesdays. (3) I get on with Sally very well. find it now. 我记得带了一把伞，但现在却找不着了。
2.1 构成：主语（动作承受者）+ be 动词的过去式（was/were） + 过去分词（ by + 施动者） (1) She was seen first by the local doctors. 最初是当地医生给她看的病。
(2) The thief was caught by the police. 贼被警察抓获。
2.2 在不必强调或不知道施动者，或施动者不言而喻的情况下，被动语态的句子不需加 by + 施动者。
(1) She was sent to a specialist in Cardiff. 她被送到加的夫的一位专家那里。
(2) She was diagnosed as diabetic. 她被诊断患有糖尿病。
3.1 短语动词指动词和小品词（介词或副词）组成的固定结构。
(1) to bring sb up 将某人抚养成人 (2) to put up with sb 容忍某人 (3) to settle up with sb 与某人结清账目
(4) to give up 放弃
3.2 由两部分组成的短语动词有及物和不及物之分，在词典中通常分别用 T 和 I 来表示。 及物的短语动词的前后两部分有的可以分开，一般是由动词与副词构成的。有的不可以分开，通常是由动词与介词构成的。 不可分的短语动词后面带宾语时，宾语必须置于短语动词之后。
(1) My brother looks after his children very well. (2) He looks after them very well. (3) I take after my grandmother.
3.3 可分的短语动词带宾语时， 如果宾语是名词，那就可以放在两词之间，也可以放在短语动词之后。宾语如果是代词，那就必须紧跟动词之后。 (1) He brought up the children alone. (2) He brought the children up alone. (3) He brought them up alone. (4) He often tells off his son.
(4) I get on with her very well.
4.1 used to是用来描述过去习惯性的或反复发生的
动作。否定式可以由used not to 或didn’t use to 构成，never也可以用于构成否定式。
(1) When I was younger, I used to cycle to work, but I don’t now. 我年轻的时候常常骑自行车上班，但是现在不骑了。
(2) My brother used not to come to the fair with us. (3) My brother didn’t use to come to the fair with us. (4) My brother never used to come to the fair with us. 我哥哥过去不曾和我们一起去游乐场。 4.2 used to 可以与状态动词连用，表示曾经一度怎样。 (1) I used to like the fair. 我曾经喜欢（去）游乐场。 (2) My friends used to like him. 我的朋友们曾都喜欢着他。 (3) We used to live near a big park. 我们曾经住在一个大公园附近。
4.3 would加上动词原形可以用来描述过去习惯性的或反复发生的动作。否定式由would + not 构成， 常和ever 连用。would 在表示过去的习惯时不可与状态动词连用。
(1) When I was younger, I would cycle to work, but I don’t now. 我年轻的时候，常常骑车上班，现在不了。 (2) Then we would go up to my bedroom and listen to pop. records. 然后我们总是会上楼到我的卧室里听流行唱片。(3) My brother wouldn't ever come to the fair with us. 我哥哥过去从来不与我们一起去游乐场。
英语II（1） Unit2-2
★ in her late sixties 在她快七十的时候 in one’s
early twenties 在某人20岁出头的时候 ★ to go on doing sth. 继续做某事 to go on to do sth.一件事之后接着去做另一件事
(1) She went on living with her parents. 她继续和父母住在一起。
(2) After I watched the TV play, I went on to do my homework.看完电视剧后，我接着做作业。
★ life of the extended family 大家庭的生活 ★ the corner shop 在街角的商店
★ help in some other way在其他的方面帮助 ★ to poke one’s nose into other’s business打探别人的事 to put up with 容忍
2.1 “always/forever + 动词的进行时”可以用来表示说话者对所谈论人物的不满或批评，也可用与赞扬别人，意思是说谁“总是干什么，老是怎么”。 (1) She was always borrowing money from me. 她总是向我借钱。
(2) He's forever checking his hair in the mirror. 他老是照镜子看头发（是否乱了）。
(3) She’s always smiling. 她总是面带笑容。 (4) She was forever coming up with good ideas. 她总能想出好主意来。
2.2 keep +动词-ing
(1) He keeps looking at himself in the mirror. 他老是照镜子。
(2) They keep wanting to be the best. 他们老想成为最好的。
英语II（1） Unit3-1
1. 课文讲解
★ there be的现在完成时：there have been ★ we have had 我们有
We have a lot of snow here in winter. 我们这儿冬天常下雪。
★ rapid – rapidly 迅速的，飞快的 steadily 稳定地，平稳地
★ high proportion 高比例，很大比例 ★ born to 生于什么的家庭
(1) born to couples who aren't married 出生自没有结婚的一对
(2) born to lone parents 出生自单亲家庭
★ head n. 头 v. 负责，领导（= be in charge of = lead）
★ average 平均数
★ which means 这就意味着，也就是说 ★ birth rate 出生率 结婚率 marriage rate 离婚率divorce rate
★ to decline in sth. 在某方面有所下降
2.描述发展趋势
★ 描述发展趋势常会用到动词，可以使用表示增减的动词的一般过去时来描述过去某一时间或某一阶段发生的变化趋势。
(1) Inflation fell from 8% in 1992 to 6% in 1995. 通货膨胀（率）从1992年的8%降到1995年的6%。 (2) The average wage increased slightly last year. ★ go up，rise，increase都是常见用来表示增长趋势的动词，go down，fall，decline，decrease是常见用来表示下降、减少趋势的动词。
★ 动词的现在完成时则可以用来描述发生在过去，但现在还在持续的变化趋势。
(1) During the last ten years women’s wages have risen significantly.
(2) Since last October inflation has fallen slowly. ★ 词的名词形式也可以用来描述发展趋势。
(1) Since last October there has been a slow fall in inflation.
(2) Last year there was a slight increase in the average wage.
★ 在描述发展趋势的句子里，还常会用到修饰限定变化趋势的词语 — 副词和形容词。 (1) Adjectives：
slow、slight、steady、rapid、sharp、significant； (2) Adverbs：
slowly、slightly、steadily、rapidly、sharply、significantly
★ 有些形容词和副词可以用来限定、修饰变化趋势。
(1) Unemployment has gone up slowly.失业率上升缓慢。
(2) There has been a slight rise in population. 人口一直缓慢增长。
★ 描述变化趋势还会用到介词，如：from 用来描述变化的起始点，to 用来描述变化的终止点，by 用来描述量的变化
(1) Unemployment fell by 1.5 million last year. It fell from 4.5 million to 3 million. It has already fallen by half a millionthis year, to 2.5 million this month. (2) Inflation rose by 4% in ten years: it was 5% in 1991, but it rose from 6% in 1992 to 9% in 1999. In 2000,however, it fell from 9% to 7%. In 2001 it decreased further by 3% and at the end of the year it was 4%.
3.爱恋关系的表达
?
(1) to fall in love with sb. 与某人恋爱 (2) to be in love with sb. 要在与某人的爱。
4.3 如果but 或 so 所连接的两个分句主语是一致的，第二个分句的主语则需用代词。
?
To be in love is to surpass oneself.人在爱中超越自我。
(3) to go out with sb. 与某人出去 (4) to get engaged 订婚 (5) to be engaged 约会 (6) to get married 结婚 (7) to be married 结婚 (8) to get on (well) with sb. 要与某人很好相处。
(9) to break up with sb. 与某人分手。 (10) to split up with sb. 要与某人分手了。
(11) to separate from sb. 与某人分开 (12) to be divorced 要离婚 (13) to get divorced 离婚
例句：
(1) I fell in love with her on that first date. (2) At first, it was great. We liked doing the same things and we got on very well together. (3) We got engaged on my birthday later that year. (4) We were married for five years before things went wrong.
(5) We separated for six months, and I went to France to work.
(6) I went out with Martine in France.
(7) Holly and I broke up finally when I came back. (8) We have been divorced for three years.
4.but和so的用法
4.1 先看but的例句：
There has been a steady rise in production, but we have not employed more staff. 生产稳步增长，但是我们没有雇佣更多员工。
4.2 so 作为连词常用来连接因果关系的分句，一般放在结果分句的前面，与这种用法类似的还有and so。
(1) There has been a steady rise in production, so we have employed more staff. 生产稳步增长，因此我们雇佣了更多的员工。
(2) There has been a steady rise in production, and so we have employed more staff.
(1) The minimum wage has increased. The minimum wage is not enough to stop poverty.
The minimum wage has increased, but yet it is not
enough to stop poverty. 虽然最低工资提高了，但还是不足以消除贫困。
(2) The Prime Minister is very popular. The Prime Minister will win the next election.
The Prime Minister is very popular, so he will win the next election. 首相很受欢迎，因此他会赢得下次选举。
英语II（1） Unit3-2
1. 课文讲解
★ 91-year-old adj. 91岁的
★ my mum是Tilly的同位语，即两者表达同一个概念。
★ as 当……的时候
★ to walk by / to go by / to pass by 走过，经过 ★ 动名词的被动语态结构：be -ing＋动词过去分词 (1) He remembered being hit on the head. 他记得头上挨了打。
(2) We couldn't stand being treated like that. 我们不能忍受那样的待遇。
★ to arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事 (1) I have arranged for the photographer to take some pictures of the party．我已经安排摄影师为聚会拍些照片。
(2) I've arranged for a car to pick them up at the airport．我已安排了一辆车去机场接他们。 ★ now and again 时不时的，偶然
★ live 长期居住 stay暂时居住 stay in a hotel 住饭店
★ to keep in touch保持联系 collect 收集，接（某人）
★ journey 长途旅行 trip 短途旅行，去了趟…… ★ to calls in来访 to call on sb. 拜访某人 call at some place 拜访某地
(1)to call on John.去拜访John。
(2)to call at John’s house. 去John家坐坐。 ★ to be…for one’s age 相对于年龄来说…… He is too short for his age. 对于他的年龄来说，他太矮了。
2018年成人高考英语3复习资料知识点复习考点归纳总结
