毕业论文-非对称循环游梁平衡抽油机结构设计

毕业论文-非对称循环游梁平衡抽油机结构设计

西安石油大学本科生毕业设计（论文）

非对称循环游梁平衡抽油机(以下简称非对称机)是在常规型曲柄平衡抽油机(以下简称常规机)的基础上，变摇杆的对称循环为非时称循环;变曲柄平衡为游梁平衡。这种抽油机具有良好的运动特性及动力特性，节能效果好。

本文首先阐述了非对称循环游梁平衡抽油机的工作原理及优越性，论述了国内 外的发展现状及所存在的问题，然后完成了非对称循环游梁平衡抽油机的总体方案

设计，并进行了抽油机的运动学、动力学分析，得到悬点速度、加速度及扭矩因数

公式，比较得知非对称循环游梁平衡抽油机的速度减小了73%，加速度减小了71%，

减小了58%,小于常规机抽油机。最后对抽油机的主要零部件进行了设计，并画TF

出了相应装配图和零件图。 非对称循环 ; 抽油机 ; 游梁平衡 西安石油大学本科生毕业设计（论文）

Abstract Asymmetric cycle beam pumping unit (abbreviation for asymmetric

pumping) is based on a crank balanced in conventional type unit（following abbreviation conventional pumping）, and alter rocker variable symmetrical cycle for asymmetric

cycle , alter crank balanced for beam balance. This unit has good movement

characteristics and dynamic characteristic, energy-saving effect is good.

In this paper, the working principle and superiority is elaborated of asymmetric

cycle beam pumping unit; the development situation at home and abroad and the existing

problems are discussed, then the structure of asymmetric cycle beam pumping unit is

finished, and the kinematics and dynamics of the pumping unit, with suspension point

speed, acceleration and torque factor formula obtained. Compared with the conventional

pumping unit, the speed at the suspension point of the pumping unit decrease 73%,the

acceleration at the suspension point of the pumping unit decrease 71%,the at the TF

suspension point of the pumping unit decrease 58%. Finally, the main parts of the

pumping unit are designed and the main assembly drawings are done. Keyword Asymmetric cycle pumping beam balance 西安石油大学本科生毕业设计（论文）

1 绪

论......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究意

义 .................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外抽油机发展概况 ............................................................................................. 1

1.2.1 国外抽油机发展概

况 .................................................................................... 1

1.2.2 国内抽油机发展概

况 .................................................................................... 2 1.3 创新

点 .......................................................................................................................... 3 1.4 研究进度 .................................................................................................................... 4

2 非对称循环游梁平衡抽油机工作原理及总体结构设

计 ............................................... 5 2.1 游梁式抽油机工作原

理 ........................................................................................... 5 2.2 非对称循环游梁平衡抽油机工作原理及结构设计 ............................................. 6

3 非对称循环游梁平衡抽油机运动学及动力学分

析 ....................................................... 9 3.1 几何分析 .................................................................................................................... 9 3.2 运动学及动力学分析 ............................................................................................. 11

4 非对称循环游梁平衡抽油机动力学分

析 ...................................................................... 18 4.1 悬点载

荷 .................................................................................................................. 18

4.1.1 悬点载荷计

算 ............................................................................................... 18

4.1.2 悬点静载荷的大小和变化规

律 .................................................................. 19

4.1.3 悬点动载荷的大小和变化规

律 .................................................................. 23 4.2 减速器输出轴净扭矩分

析 ....................................................................................... 27

5 游梁式抽油机主要部件的设

计 ....................................................................................... 31 5.1 抽油机计算分

析 ..................................................................................................... 31

5.1.1 抽油机有关力的计

算 .................................................................................. 31

5.1.2 四杆机构受力分

析....................................................................................... 31 5.2游梁的设

计 ................................................................................................................. 32

5.2.1 选择游梁的材

料 ........................................................................................... 33

5.2.2 强度校

核 ....................................................................................................... 33 5.3 连杆的设

计.............................................................................................................. 35

5.3.1 选

材................................................................................................................ 35

5.3.2 校

核................................................................................................................ 35 5.4 中央轴承的校