初中被动语态语法讲解
(一) 语 态 分 类
英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)
汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二) 常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： am / is / are + done
People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country.
2. 一般过去时：was / were + done
The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten.
3. 一般将来时：shall / will + be done
They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. 4. 过去将来时：should / would + be done
The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done
We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted. 6. 过去进行时：was / were + being + done
This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year.
7. 现在完成时：have / has + been + done
He has brought his book here. His book has been brought here. 8. 过去完成时：had + been + done
People had considered him to be a great leader. He had been considered to be a great leader
9.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be +动词的过去分词
You must hand in your compositions after class. Your compositions must be handed in after class.
（三) 被 动 语 态 的 使 用
1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”
2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。 These records were made by John Denver. The cup was broken by Paul. 3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in + 名词作状语，而代替 by 短语。 These cars were made in China. (四)主动语态变被动语态的方法
（1）My aunt invited me to her dinner party. 主语 谓语 宾语
→ I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party. 主语 谓语 宾语
（2）The school set up a special class to help poor readers. → A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.
一、单项选择。
( )1. One or two man-made satellites ______ in our country every year. A. have been sent up B. will be sent up C. is sent up D. are sent up
( )2. Our TV set _____ yesterday.
A. is repaired B. was repaired C. had been repaired D. would be repaired
( )3. A new building _____ in our school next year.
A. will be built B. is built C. is being built D. has been built
( )4. Many books on science _____ since I went to college.
A. were bought B. have been bought C, will be bought D. are bought
( )5. A wonderful English talk _____ by Mr Liu tomorrow.
A. has been given B. is given C. is being given D. will be given
( )6. How _____ the Great Pyramid (金字塔)____ many years ago without modern machines.
A. is…built B. would…be built C. have…been built D. was…built
( ) Food and clothes ____ by women.
A is often talk about B. are often talked C. are often talked about D. often talked about ( )8. _____ the work _____ yet ?
A. is…finished B. Will…be finished
C. Has …been finished D. Would…be finished ( )Such films _____ by children like you.
A. must be not seen B. must not be see C. must not seen D. must not be seen ( )10.Trees _____ in winter but in spring.
A. not can be planted B. can be not planted C. can’t be planted D. can not be plant ( )11.This kind of cars ____ in Japan ten years ago.
A. can only be made B. could only made
C. be could only made D. could only be made
( ) Jack often does things foolishly, so he ____ sometimes _____ by others.
A. is…laughed B. is …laughed at C. was…laughed D. has…been laughed at ( )13.The bear ______ to the zoo tomorrow morning.
A. may be send B. may is sent C. may be sent D. is may sent
( )14. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildings _____ in our city. . A. are put up B. have put up
C. have been put D. have been put up ( )15. Such films _____ by children like you.
A. must be not seen B. must not be see
C. must not seen D. must not be seen 二、用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。
1. Some top students _____(send) to study in foreign countries once a year.
2.More and more schools ___________(build) here later.
3. Where are the apples? I think they _______(eat) by those boys. 4.Many new things __________(invent) in the last ten years. 5.All the shoes __________(sell) out last week.
6.How long _______ the book _________(can keep)?
7. Tom _______ (hide) his shoes behind the tree. So they _________(not find) easily.
8.The babies here _________(take) good care of every day.
9. We ______(open) the box and two new coats ______(see) in it. 10. His new novel _______ (finish) next week.
中考被动语态考题
1.The river smells terrible. People must __ dirty thing into it.(南京市中考题）
A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing
2.This book __ often __from the library.(北京市中考题）
A aren’t take away B taken awayC isn’t taken away D be taken away
3.He ____ _____ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黄冈市中考题）
4. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (济南市中考题）
____ ____ ____ another man-made satellite into space last week.变主动语态
5.People there planted many trees last year.
Many trees _____ _____ by people there last year. (青岛市中考题） 6. They grow vegetables on the farm.
Vegetables _______ ______on the farm（上海市中考题） 三 根据短文意思填空
English ______(be) very widely ______(use). It ________(speak) by people in England, the United States, Australia, and many other countries. It ________(be) one of the working languages at international meetings. Most international business letters ___________(write) in English. And quite a few books and magazines ___________(write) in English, too. If you __________(know) English, you _________(find) you can ________(enjoy) so many books. English _______(be) really a bridge to so much knowledge. 四 将下列句子变为被动语态 1.Many people speak English.
2.People used knives for cutting things.
3.We can use the box as a table.
4.We should clean the classroom every day.
5.She will repair the bike tomorrow
初中被动语态语法讲解
