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(完整版)英语中最常用的词根词缀

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英语中最常用的词根词缀

1、词根

1) aer, ar, 含义是“空气,大气” aeroplane, aerial,

2) ag, act, ig, 含义是“做,动作” active, agent, reaction, 3) alt, 含义是“高”, altitude

4) alter, altern, altr, 含义是“其它,变更” alternate,

6) brev, bri, brief, 含义是“短” brief, abbreviation, abridge(节略)

7) cap, capt, cept, cip, 含义是“取,获” capture, except, concept, capacity 8) ced, ceed, cess, 含义是“行,让步” proceed, succeed, excess(过度) 9) centr, centr, 含义是“中心” concentrate, eccentric(偏心的) 10) claim, 含义是“呼喊” claim, proclaim, exclaim

11) clos, clud, 含义是“闭合” conclude, enclose, include 12) col, cult, 含义是“耕耘” colony, cultivate, agriculture 13) cor, cord, 含义是“心” cordial, record, accord

14) curr, cur, cour, 含义是“跑,动作” current, occur, concurrence(同时发生) 15) dic, dict, 含义是“说,示” dictate, edit, indicate, predict 16) doc, doct, 含义是“教” doctor, document.

17) duc, duct含义是“引导,传导” introduce, produce, conduct, deduct( 推论) 18) fact, fac, fect, dic, dit, 含义是“做,创造” factory, effect, profit, faculty, perfect 19) fend, fens, 含义是“打,击” defence, offence

20) fer, 含义是“搬运,移转” ferry, transfer, defer(迟延) 21) fin, finit, 含义是“终,极” final, finish, confine 22) firm, 含义是“坚固” firm, confirm, affirm(断定) 23) fix, 含义是“固定” prefix, affix(附加) 24) flect, flex, 含义是“弯曲” flexible, reflex

25) flor, flour, flower, 含义是“花” flower, flourish

26) form, 含义是“形” uniform, formula, transform, reform, deform 27) forc, fort, 含义是“力,强度” force, enforce, effort 28) gen, genit, 含义是“生产,发生” generate, generation

29) gram, graph, 含义是“书写,记录” telegram, diagram, photograph 30) grad, gress, gred, gree, 含义是“步,阶段” gradually, degree, progress 31) hab, habit, hibit, 含义是“保持,住” inhabit, exhibit, prohibit 32) her, hes, 含义是“粘附” adhere, cohesion 33) ject, jet, 含义是“抛射” project, inject

34) jour, 含义是“日,一天” journal(日记), journey, adjourn(延期) 35) jug, junct, 含义是“结合,连合” conjunction, junction(连合)

36) labour, labor, 含义是“劳动,工作” labourer, elaborate, collaborate 37) lect, leg, lig, 含义是“挑选,采集” collect, select, lecture 38) lif, liv, 含义是“生活,生存” life, alive, live

39) loc, 含义是“场所,位置” location, dislocate(脱位) 40) long, leng, ling, 含义是“长的” length, prolong, linger 41) loqu, locut, 含义是“说话” colloquial, eloquent,

42) mand, mend, 含义是“命令” command, demand, recommend 43) man, manu, 含义是“手,手法” manage, manual

44) memor, menber, 含义是“记忆” memory, remember, memorial 45) mind, ment, 含义是“心” mind, remind, mental 46) merc, merch, 含义是“贸易” commerce, merchant

47) meas, mens, meter, metr, 含义是“测量,度量” measure, meter, diameter 48) min, 含义是“小” diminish, minority

49) miss, mit, 含义是“派遣,送” mission, dismiss, transmit, missile 50) mob, mot, mov, 含义是“动” movement, motion, mobile, remove 51) nect, nex, 含义是“捆扎” connect, disconnect, annex(合并) 52) not, 含义是“记号,注意” note, denote, annotation(注释) 53) onom, onym, 含义是“名字” synonym, antonym, anonymous 54) pair, par, 含义是“a)相同,对等b)准备” compare, prepare 55) pel, puls, 含义是“追逐” expel, impel(推进)

56) pend, pens, pond, 含义是“悬挂” depend, independent, expense(支付) 57) phon, 含义是“声音” symphony, telephone, microphone 58) plac, 含义是“位置,场所” place, replace

59) peopl, popul, publ, 含义是“人民,民众” public, republic, popular, people 60) port, 含义是“搬运” export, import, deport(输送)

61) press, 含义是“压,压制” pressure, express, oppress, impression 62) prob, proof, prov, 含义是“实验,验证” prove, approve,

63) quer, quest, quir, quis, 含义是“寻找,探问” inquiry, question, inquisition(调查,追究) 64) rang, rank, 含义是“排列” arrange, rank

65) rect, right, rig, 含义是“正,直” correct, direct, erect 66) riv, 含义是“河流,流远”,river, arrive, derive

67) rupt, 含义是“破坏,毁坏” eruption, bankrupt, corruption 68) sci, 含义是“认识,知识” science, conscious

69) scrib, script, 含义是“书写,记录” describe, script 70) sens, sent, 含义是“感觉,情感” sensation, sentiment 71) sign, 含义是“标记,符号” signal, signature, design

72) sembl, simil, 含义是“相似,类似” similar, resemble, assimilate(同化) 73) soci, 含义是“结合,社交” social, association

74) spec, spect, spitc, spis, 含义是“看,视” inspect, spectator, conspicuous, respect 75) struct, 含义是“建筑,构造” structure, construct, instruct, destruction 76) tect, teg, 含义是“遮蔽,掩盖” detect, protect

77) temp, tens, 含义是“时间,时机” tense, contemporary, temporal

78) tend, tes, tent, 含义是“倾向, 伸张” tendency, intension, extend, intend 79) test, 含义是“证明,证实” testify, protest, contest(争论) 80) text, 含义是“编织, 构成” textile, texture, context

81) tract, trail, 含义是“拖拉,吸引” attract, tractor, abstract, contract(收缩) 82) tribut, 含义是“给予” contribution, distribute 83) us, ut, 含义是“用,使用” usable, utilize, abuse

84) vac, van, 含义是“空,虚” vacancy, vanity, evacuate(清空) 85) vad, vas, wad, 含义是“走,去” invade, wade, evade(逃避)

86) vers, vert, 含义是“旋转,反转” convert, inversion(倒转), reverse, divert(使转向) 87) vid, vis, vey, view, 含义是“观看,看见” television, visible, evident, interview, survey

88) viv, vit, 含义是“生,活” vivid, vital, survival

89) war, ward, 含义是“注意,保护” aware, wary(谨慎), ward(守护) 90) way, 含义是“路” way, away, subway, always 二、词缀 (一)前缀

1.表示否定意义的前缀 1)纯否定前缀

a-, an-, asymmetry(不对称)anhydrous(无水的) dis- dishonest, dislike

in-, ig-, il-, im-, ir-, incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregular ne-, n-, none, neither, never non-, nonsense neg-, neglect

un- unable, unemployment 2)表示\错误\的意义

male-, mal-, malfunction, maladjustment(失调) mis-, mistake, mislead

pseudo-, pseudonym(假名), pseudoscience(伪科学) 3)表示\反动作\的意思

de-, defend, demodulation(解调) dis-, disarm, disconnect un-, unload, uncover

4)表示\相反,相互对立\意思

anti-, ant- antiknock(防震), antiforeign(排外的)

contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction, controflow(逆流) ounter-, counterreaction, counterbalance ob-, oc-, of-, op-, object, oppose, occupy with-, withdraw, withstand

2.表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀

1)a-表示“在……之上”,“向……” aboard, aside

2)by-表示“附近,邻近,边侧” bypath, bypass(弯路)

3)circum-, circu-,表示“周围,环绕,回转” circumstance, circuit 4)de-,表示“在下,向下” descend, degrade 5)en-,表示“在内,进入” encage, enbed(上床)

6)ex-, ec-, es-,表示“外部,外” exit, eclipse, expand, export 7)extra-,表示“额外” extraction (提取) 8)fore-表示“在前面” forehead, foreground

9)in-, il-, im-, ir-,表示“向内,在内,背于” inland, invade, inside, import 10)inter-, intel-,表示“在……间,相互” international, interaction, internet 11)intro-,表示“向内,在内,内侧” introduce, introduce

12)medi-, med-, mid-,表示“中,中间” Mediterranean, midposition 13)out-,表示“在上面,在外部,在外” outline, outside, outward

14)over-,表示“在上面,在外部,向上” overlook, overhead, overboard 15)post-,表示\向后,在后边,次” postscript(附言)

16)pre-,表示\在前”在前面” prefix, preface, preposition 17)pro-,表示“在前,向前” progress, proceed

18)sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-,表示“在下面,下” subway, submarine, suffix, suppress, supplement

19)super-, sur-,表示“在…..之上” superficial, surface, superstructure

20)trans-,表示“移上,转上,在那一边” translate, transform, transoceanic 21)under-,表示“在…..下面,下的” underline, underground, underwater 22)up-,表示“向上,向上面,在上” upward, uphold, uphill(上坡) 3.表示时间,序列关系的前缀

1)ante-, anti-,表示“先前,早于,预先” antecedent, anticipate 2)ex-,表示“先,故,旧” expresident, exhusband

3)fore-,表示“在前面,先前,前面” foreward, dorecast, foretell(预言) 4)mid-, medi-,表示“中,中间” midnight, midsummer 5)post-\表示“在后,后” postwar

6)pre-, pri-,表示“在前,事先,预先” preheat, prewar, prehistory 7)pro-,表示“在前,先,前” prologue(序幕),prophet(预言家) 8)re-,表示“再一次,重新” retell, rewrite 4.表示比较程度差别关系的前缀

1)by-,表示“副,次要的” byproduct, bywork(副业) 2)extra-,表示“超越,额外” extraordinary

3)hyper-表示“超过,极度” hypersonic(超声波), hypertesion(高血压) 4)out-,表示“超过,过分” outdo(超过), outbid(出价过高的人) 5)over-,表示“超过,过度,太” overeat, overdress, oversleep

6)sub-, suc-, sur-,表示“低,次,副,亚” subeditor, subordinate, subtropical(亚热带) 7)super-, sur-表示“超过” supernature, superpower, surplus, surpass

8)under-,表示“低劣,低下” undersize, undergrown, underproduction(生产不足) 9)vice-表示“副,次” vicepresident, vicechairman 5.表示\共同,相等\意思的前缀

1)com-, cop-, con-, cor-, co-表示“共同,一起”。 connect, combine, collect, combat, coexist, co-operate

2)syn-, syl-,sym-,表示“同,共,和,类” symmetry, sympathy, synthesis(合成) 6.表示\整个、完全\意思的前缀 1)al-表示“完整,完全”alone, almost

2)over-表示“完全,全”overall, overflow(充满)

3)pan-表示“全,总,万”panentheism(泛神论),panorama 7.表示\分离,离开\意思的前缀

1)a- ab-, abs-,表示“分离,离开” away, apart, abstract, abstain 2)de-表示“离去,处去”depart, decolour

3)dis-, di-, dif-,表示“分离,离开” divorce, disarm(缴械)

4)ex-, e-,表示“离开,分离”expel, exclude, expatriate(驱逐出境) 5)for-表示“离开,脱离”forget, forgive 6)表示“离开”release, resolve

7)表示“分离,隔离”separate, seduce, select 8.表示\通过,遍及\意思的前缀

1)dia-,表示“通过,横过”diameter, diagram

2)per-, pel-,表示“通,总,遍”perfect, perform, pervade(浸透) 3)trans-,表示“横过,贯通”transparent, transmit, transport 9.表示\加强\意思的前缀 a-, arouse, ashamed

ad-, adjoin, adhere(粘着)

10.表示变换词类作用的前缀(一般由名词或形容词变换为动词) be-, befriend

en-, enslave, enable, enrich

ad-, ac-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-, adapt, accord, affix, aggression, arrive, assist, attend, attract, arrange, assign(委派) 11.表示数量关系的前缀 1)表示“单一”,“一”

mon-, mon-, monotone(单调),monopoly, monarch uni-, un-, uniform, unicellular(单细胞) 2)表示“二,两,双”

ambi-, ambiguous, amphibian(两栖类) bi-, bicycle

di-, diode(二级管) twi-, twilight 3)表示“十”

deca-, deco-, dec- deci-, decade, decimals 4)表示\百,百分之一\hecto-, hect-, hectometer, centi-, centimeter

5)表示\千,千分之一” kilo-, kilometer

6)表示\万,万分之一” myria-, myri-, myriametre mega-, meg-, megabyte micro-, microvolt (微伏特) 7)表示\许多,复,多数”

multi-,mult-, multipmetre (万用表) poly-,polysyllable, 8)表示“半,一半”

hemi-, hemisphere demi-, demiofficial semi-, semiconductor, semitransparent pene-, pen-, peninsula(半岛) 12.表示特殊意义的前缀

1)arch-,表示“首位,第一的,主要的”architect, archbishop 2)auto-,表示“自己,独立,自动”automobile, autobiography 3)bene-,表示“善,福”benefit

4)eu-,表示“优,美好”eugenics(优生学),euphemism 5)male-,mal-表示“恶,不良”maltreatment, malodor,

(完整版)英语中最常用的词根词缀

英语中最常用的词根词缀1、词根1)aer,ar,含义是“空气,大气”aeroplane,aerial,2)ag,act,ig,含义是“做,动作”active,agent,reaction,3)alt,含义是“高”,altitude4)alter,altern,altr,含义是“其它,变更”
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