2024年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧 专题（四）定语从句+写作同类词合集
在写作
中运用定语从句不仅可以显示考生较好的语言运用能力，更能为写作增添色彩。所以考生一
定要在平时练习时学会在书信应用文、概写和续写中尝试写定语从句，让作文整体显得漂亮和流畅。
一．
用于书面表达中定语从句的类型
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句
who，whom，whose，which，that，as等关系代词引导的定语从句在高考书面表达中屡见不鲜。尤其以as和which引导的非限制性定语从句更是司空见惯。
①.I’m qualified with every extra work that you want me to do. (2024全国一卷书面表达)
②.Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the authentic tea culture, which turned out to be extremely rewarding. (2024北京高考书面表达)
③.As is known, I will be a volunteer for the 13th National Games which will be held at the end of August in Tianjin. (2017年天津高考书面表达)
④.Any student who is interested is welcome to participate. (2016全国卷书面表达) 2. 关系副词引导的定语从句
when，where，why关系副词引导的定语从句也可以在高考书面表达中找到很多例子。在写这种类型的定语从句时，一定要注意关系词前面一些特殊的先行词，如：period，age，occasion，situation，case，point，reason等。
①.We are to meet on Sunday morning in the People’s Park, where the air is fresh and the scenery is beautiful. (2017全国一卷书面表达)
②.They found the dangerous situation, where three men circled the wolf. (2017浙江高考书面表达) ③.I think the reason why you’re always angry may be the high pressure of study. (2014安徽高考书面表达)
3. 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
Material collecting took us a whole week, during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of our school life.
二．
定语从句的写法
定语从句对于考生来说相对较难灵活运用，所以一定要在平时的写作训练中多加练习。在写作中，
可以采取以下的步骤训练。
1. 写出两个相关联的简单句；
2. 在其中一处简单句中找出需要修饰的词，这个词一定要在两个简单句中都有联系； 3. 把剩下的一个简单句改成定语从句，根据关系词的不同选择而对句子进行修改。若是关系代词，就要去掉这个简单句中的主语或者宾语。若是关系副词，则要删掉状语。 例一：The foreigner got arrested by the police. He picked a woman’s pocket on the bus.
先确定两个简单句中需要修饰的共同成分，即the foreigner。确定第一句为主句后，剩下的第二句要改写成定语从句。由于是代词做主语，所以考虑用关系代词who或者that引导定语从句，并删去第二句的主语he。
The foreigner who/that picked a woman’s pocket on the bus got arrested by the police. 例二：A fire suddenly broke out in the theater. Without delay, Tom ran away from the theater.
先确定两个简单句中需要修饰的共同成分，即the theater。确定第二句作主句后，剩下的第二句为定语从句。由于in the theater是地点状语，所以考虑用关系副词where引导定语从句，并删去第一句的状语in the theater。
Without delay, Tom ran away from the theater where a fire suddenly broke out.
由于灵活运用定语从句对于考生来说有一定的难度，所以考生在书面表达中运用定语从句时会常犯一些错误，比如误用关系词，句子成分多余或残缺，把定语从句和其它从句混淆。这些都是考生需要注意的。后面的改错练习会涉及到一些定语从句写作中常见的错误。 提升训练
一． 请把下列的定语从句改正确。
1. I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. 2. I have a friend, who’s name is Liu Mei.
3. There were many students took part in the English competition. 4. The last one leaves the classroom is supposed to turn off lights.
5. As can be seen from the picture, that a sad boy stands between his angry parents. 6. Last week, I returned to the village where I grew up there in my childhood. 7. Which is known, smoking is a bad habit that threatens people’s health.
8. His parents told him many times not to play beside the river, it didn’t help.
9. There’re three members in my family and I’m the only one child, who is very common in China. 10. When travelling overseas, you should follow the customs of the country where you are visiting. 11. I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in the store. 12. On the third floor there are two rooms, one of them is used as a meeting room.
13. The couple will fly to France for their honeymoon on their first stop, which they plan to stay for
three days.
14. I gave that boy such a difficult math problem which he couldn’t work out.
15. During holiday seasons, I will live in the countryside, when air is fresh and people are friendly.
题目一 【答案】
1. I live in Beijing, which is the capital of China. 2. I have a friend, whose name is Liu Mei.
3. There were many students who took part in the English competition. 4. The last one who leaves the classroom is supposed to turn off lights.
5. As can be seen from the picture, (去掉that) a sad boy stands between his angry parents. 6. Last week, I returned to the village where I grew up (去掉there) in my childhood. 7. As is known, smoking is a bad habit that threatens people’s health.
8. His parents told him many times not to play beside the river, which/but it didn’t help.
9. There’re three members in my family and I’m the only one child, which is very common in China. 10. When travelling overseas, you should follow the customs of the country which/that you are
visiting.
11. I will never forget the day on which we went to buy guitars in the store. 12. On the third floor there are two rooms, one of which is used as a meeting room.
13. The couple will fly to France for their honeymoon on their first stop, where they plan to stay for three days.
14. I gave that boy such a difficult math problem as he couldn’t work out.
15. During holiday seasons, I will live in the countryside, where air is fresh and people are friendly. 二． 用适当的关系词填空。
1. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ___________ uses it differently. 2. Our science teacher will serve as our guide, ____________ is expected to tell us something
interesting about the Tiantai Shan.
3. Only those ____________ spare no effort to confront problems can achieve what they long for. 4. We’ll put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____________ the weather may be better. 5. We’ll spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, _____________ I hope
will make them every happy. 题目二
【答案】1. which 2. who 3. who 4. when 5. which
三． 将下列的简单句合并成定语从句。
1. This is the best method. It can be used against pollution.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 2. I’ve always longed for the days. I will be able to be independent then.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 3. I will go on a trip to Sichuan. There’re a great number of places of interest in Sichuan.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 4. I am on good terms with a friend. Her father works as an engineer.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 5. Through the course of my schooling, I encountered many teachers. Two of them influenced me
greatly.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 题目三
【答案】1. This is the best method that can be used against pollution.
2. I’ve always longed for the days when I will be able to be independent. 3. I will go on a trip to Sichuan, where there’re a great number of places of interest. 4. I am on good terms with a friend, whose father works as an engineer.
5. Through the course of my schooling, I encountered many teachers, two of whom influenced
me greatly.
四． 用定语从句完成下列句子。
1. 我们将在学习唐朝时写的一些中国诗歌。
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 我无法遵守承诺是因为我叔叔马上要出国深造了。
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 一年中有四季，每个季节都有显著的特点。
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 作为一名外向的学生，我善于同其他人交往，这使我对这个职位感到自信。
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 我们都知道，当我们需要帮助时，我们的朋友会伸出援手，他们会帮我们渡过遇到各种问题
的难关。
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
题目四
【答案】1. We’re going to learn some Chinese poems which/that were written in the Tang Dynasty. 2. The reason why I can’t keep my word is that my uncle will go abroad for further studies soon. 3. There are four seasons in a year, each of which has distinctive features.
4. As an outgoing student, I am skilled at communicating with others, which makes me feel confident about
this position.
5. As we all know, our friends will lend us a helping hand when we need help and they will help us get
through difficult situations where we will be faced varieties of problems.
写作同义词总结
由于在有限的词汇量和紧张的时间里，许多考生写的作文常常平淡无味，缺乏文采和感染力。因此，考生平时练习书面表达的时候，要多注意并多积累一些同义词的表达和替换，并把它们加以应用。这样写的作文，不管是书信应用文，概写或者续写，才会大放异彩，夺得高分。以下两个部分是关于一些动词、名词、形容词和副词短语等词的同义词集合，仅供参考。
2024年高考英语新题型写作技巧四 定语从句和写作同义词总结附答案
