特殊句式（倒装句+强调句） 学案
Part One 课前预习
倒装句
英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。 一、倒装句的意义
1. 适应一定的语法结构的需要，主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要。 May I come in？我能进来吗？
What is the weather like today? 今天的天气怎样？
2. 为了强调某一部分，而把这部分放到句首，构成倒装。 e.g. Never have I been late for school this term. 我从来没有试过这学期这么晚上学。 （强调了________________) 二、倒装句的语序
一般我们句子的语序是：主语+谓语部分（主谓/主谓宾/主系表） 倒装句的语序：
1. 完全倒装：引起倒装的提示词 + ________ +________ 例子：Here came the headmaster. 校长来了。
2. 部分倒装：引起倒装的提示词 + _____________+____________+____________ 例子：Never will I forgive you. 我永远不会原谅你。
Only in this way can you become stronger. 只有通过这种方式你才能变得更强大。 三、完全倒装/全部倒装句型
1. 最常见的 there be 句型。
There are many students in the classroom. 课室里有很多学生。
试写出原句的自然顺序(但一般不使用)：_________________________________________ 2. 用于“here (there, now, then) + 不及物动词 + 主语的句型中, 或以out, in, up, down, away 等副词开头的句子里面,表示强调。例子如下： （1）Here comes the bus. 车来了。
写出原句的自然顺序:______________________ （2）Out rushed the puppy. 小狗跑出来了。 写出原句的自然顺序:______________________ （3）Away went the girl. 女孩走远了。
写出原句的自然顺序:______________________
*注意：代词作主语时, 不用倒装。如： Here he comes. 他来了。 3. 当句首状语是表示地点方位的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。 South of the city lies a big steel factory.
中文翻译：_______________________________ From the valley came a frightening sound.
中文翻译：_______________________________ Under the tree stands a little boy.
中文翻译：_______________________________
4. 有时，为了强调表语和状语，常将他们放在句首，同时颠倒主语和谓语的位置, 使句子平衡。请观察以下句子:
(1) 形容词(短语)＋连系动词＋主语
Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
普通语序：______________________________________________________________________ (2) 过去分词＋连系动词＋主语
Gone are the days when they could do what they liked. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ 普通语序：_____________________________________________________________________ 5.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时,有时也用倒装。 例子： “Let’s go,” said the man.
“What do you think of it?” asked the teacher. 四、部分倒装句型
1. 用于省略if的三种虚拟条件句的从句中： 将连词if省略，要把从句中的 were, had, should 提到主语前面。例子如下：
（1）Were I a boy, I would fall in love with this girl.
中文翻译_______________________________________________________________________ 改写为普通语序：_____________________________, I would fall in love with this girl. （2）Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.
中文翻译_______________________________________________________________________ 改写为普通语序：___________________________________________, you might have passed the examination.
（3）Should it rain tomorrow, they would not go there by bike.
中文翻译_______________________________________________________________________ 改写为普通语序：___________________________________________, they would not go there by bike.
2. 用于“形容词/名词/动词+ as/though ” 引导的让步状语从句，意思为：尽管…… （1） Pretty as/though she is, she is not clever.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 普通语序：______________________________, she is not clever （2）Child as/though he is, he knows to help others.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 普通语序：______________________________, he knows to help others. （3）Try as/though he would, he might fail again.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 普通语序：____________________________, he might fail again.
3. 用于 never, neither, hardly, seldom, little, rarely, by no means, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time等否定词开头的句子里。例子如下： （1）Never shall I do this again.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 普通语序：_____________________________________________________________________ （2）Seldom do I dream I would see you here.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 普通语序：_____________________________________________________________________ （3）Under no circumstances can we agree to such a principle.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 普通语序：_____________________________________________________________________ 4. 用于no sooner…than/ hardly…when (一 …就) 和not only... but also...(不仅...而且)的句型中。
（1）No sooner/Hardly had she gone out than/when the class began.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
普通语序：_____________________________________________________________________ （2）Not only can mp3s provide us with fun, but also they can help us learn English well.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 普通语序：_____________________________________________________________________ 5. 用于only+状语开头的句子(only位于句首,后面加介词短语或状语从句) （1）Only by practicing everyday can you learn English well.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 普通语序：_____________________________________________________________________ （2）Only when he is seriously ill does he stay in bed.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 普通语序：_____________________________________________________________________ 6. 用在以so， nor， neither开头，表示 “也一样/也不这样 ”的表示重复意义的句型中。其中，so用于肯定句，表示 “也一样”“也这样”；nor， neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。
例子：I am watching TV. So is she. 我正在看电视。她也是（正在看电视）。 My parents didn't watch TV last night. Neither （Nor） did I.
我的父母昨晚没有看电视。我也没有（看电视）。 练习：填入恰当的助动词，构成正确的倒装形式。 1) You passed the exam. So _____ I.
2) He doesn’t like shopping. Neither ______ I.
3) He can’t speak any foreign language. Nor _______ his father. 4) She has passed the test. So ______ I.
5) She is busy doing her homework. So ______ her brother.
强调句型
强调句是英语中的一个特殊句型，其意义是对一个句子里的主语、宾语、状语（介词短语或状语从句）进行强调。 强调句的形式：
It is/was + 强调部分 + that (强调部分是人的时候也可以用who) + 其他句子成分 1. 强调______语
It was your uncle that (who) came yesterday. 昨天来的是你叔叔。 2. 强调______语
It was a new pen that Mother gave me . 母亲给我的是一支新钢笔。 3. 强调______状语
It was in the classroom that I left my umbrella. 我把雨伞留在了教室里。 4. 强调______状语
It is at eleven that the train leaves. 火车是在十一点钟离开的。 5. 强调______状语从句
It was because he was in trouble thatI tried my best to help him. 正是因为他处境困难我才尽力帮助他。
6. .强调方式状语。
It was just as he ordered that I acted. 我正是照他吩咐的那样做的。 *强调句和定语从句的区别
单句语法填空。结合语法知识填空，并判断哪一句式强调句，哪一句是定语从句。 1)It was the place ______ Lu Xun was born. （这是________句） 2) It was in the place _____ Lu Xun was born. （这是________句）
Part Two课中练习
1、把下面的句子划横线的部分用强调句型进行强调。 1) Kate met Simon in the park yesterday. (强调________语)
_____________________________________________________________________________ 2) Kate met Simon in the park yesterday. (强调________语)
_____________________________________________________________________________ 3) Kate met Simon in the park yesterday. (强调________语)
_____________________________________________________________________________ 4) Kate met Simon in the park yesterday. (强调________语)
_____________________________________________________________________________ 5) I went home because I was tired. (强调________语)
_____________________________________________________________________________ 2、单句语法填空。
1) Then __________(follow) the Civil War.
2) There ___________(stand) a weatherstation at the top of the hill. 3) Now___________(come) your turn to keep guard. 4) Watch out, here _________(come) the bus.
5) Then _________(come) the total darkness of the polar winter. 6) The door opened and in ________(come) our teacher.
7) No sooner had he closed his eyes _________he fell asleep. 8) Hardly had he finished his homework _________ he went out. 9) Not only ________(be) he clever, but he also works very hard. 10) Tired __________ he was, he didn’t stop working.
11) It was the culture, rather than the language,__________ made it hard for him to adapt to the
new environment abroad.
12) ______ was on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went
down.
13) Only then__________(do) they realize how much damage had been caused.
14) It was when I got back to my apartment__________I first came across my new neighbors. 15) It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do__________ benefits
our work most 3、单句改错
1) Seldom do he go out for dinner normally.
2) Little did he realized how important this meeting was. 3) No sooner had we reached the airport when the plane took off.
4) In yesterday's meeting, not only does he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 5) Inside the big box is Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.
6) It was in New Zealand where Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. 7) It was on January 1st which I paid a visit to my friend Tom. 8) They said never before have they experienced so interesting a class. 9) It was what he said which gave me a big surprise. 10) It was my sister first had the idea to cycle along the river.
11) Only when he came back I know the whole story.
12) Hardly we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the
room.
13) On the mountain stands two temples.
14) That was yesterday that I bought the book intended for children.
15) It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do which makes life happy.
Part Three 课后练习
一、选择翻译正确的句子
1. 我刚合上眼,电话铃就响了。
A. Hardly had I closed my eyes than the phone rang.
B. No sooner did I close my eyes than the phone had rung. C. No sooner had I closed my eyes than the phone rang.
2. 只有下课了,他才能和他的朋友们一起踢足球。
A. Only when the class was over was he able to play football with his friends. B. Only when the class was over he was able to play football with his friends. C. Only when was the class over he was able to play football with his friends.
3. 我不但去过杭州市,而且我在那儿度过了我的童年。
A. Not only have I been to the city of Hangzhou, but (also) I spent my childhood there. B. Not only have I been to the city of Hangzhou, but (also) did I spend my childhood there.
C. Not only I have been to the city of Hangzhou, but (also) I spent my childhood there.
4. 他虽然努力了,但考试未能及格。
A. Tried hard as he, he did not pass the examination.
B. Hard although he tried, he did not pass the examination. C. Hard as he tried, he did not pass the examination.
二、语法填空
Stress: Good or Bad?
Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.
stress _____1_____(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress _____2_____ does you harm. It is time you considered that if there _____3_____(be) no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the _____4_____(good) your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, _____5____(ill) and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope(斜坡), by asking yourself _____6_____ number of questions.
2英语特殊句式（倒装句+强调句）学案
