专题08主谓一致——精讲深剖
真题速递
单句语法填空
1.Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _____ (be) stable, （2019全国I卷）
one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 【答案】are
【解析】考查主谓一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。
2.（2018全国I卷）While running regularly can't make you live forever，the review says it (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming. 【答案】is
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。本文介绍了跑步的好处，通篇以一般现在时为主。本句中宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致，故用一般现在时；且宾语从句中的主语为it，故用is。
3.（2017全国I卷）Fast food (be) full of fat and salt；by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 【答案】is
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。根据行文的时态可知，此处用一般现在时；句子的主语fast food(快餐)是不可数名词短语，故填be的第三人称单数形式is。 单句改错
1.（2018全国III卷）The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks，and mistakes as well. 【答案】include改为includes。
【解析】考查主谓一致。该句为一般现在时，主语为that，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
2.（2016全国卷II）He would ask who we was and pretend not to know us. 【答案】was改为were
【解析】考查主谓一致。本句中的宾语从句的主语是we，是复数，所以谓语动词应该与其保持一致也用复
数形式，故把was改为were。
考纲解读 2019考纲要求：掌握 主谓一致 的原则和用法。近五年全国高考试卷对主谓一致的考查重点在语法填空和短文改错上。了解主谓一致的概念（谓语动词在人称和主语保持一致），掌握主谓一致三原则： 1. 语法一致原则 2. 意义一致原则 3. 就近一致原则 知识梳理 一.语法一致原则 1. 单数主语,单个动词不定式，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词要用单数。 ① A student is studying English.一个学生正在学习英语。 ② To see is to believe.眼见为实。 【考题印证】 （2016全国II卷）Leaving the less important things until tomorrow （be）often acceptable. 【答案】is 【解析】考查主谓一致。本句的主语是“Leaving the less important things until tomorrow”，一个动名词短语，谓语动词要用单数，故填is。 （2014辽宁高考）The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby. 【答案】have 改为has 【解析】考查主谓一致。本句的主语是“The early morning barking ”，一个动名词短语，谓语动词要用单数，故把have 改为has。句意：清晨的吠声一直困扰着我们，因为我们经常整晚都要照顾孩子。 2. 复数名词、代词作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式。 ① All the students are clever.所有的学生都很聪明。 ②They like English very much.他们非常喜欢英语。 【考题印证】
（2014陕西高考）Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky—they look like rain！ 【答案】was改为were
【解析】考查主谓一致。本句主语是the arrows，是复数名词，其后面的谓语一个与其保持一致，故把was改为were。句意：突然，箭从天上向我们飞来-它们看起来像雨一样！
3. 用and或both…and 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句作主语谓语动词用复数形式。
① Both my father and my mother are farmers.我的父母都是农民。
②What I think and what I do have been fairly in disagreement.我的想法和我所做的都有相当大不一致。 注意：当and连接的词表示同一个人、事、物、概念时谓语动词用单数形式。 The poet and writer has come.那个诗人兼作家已经来了。
4. 主语后紧跟as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, besides, in addition to 等时谓语动词要与句子的主语保持一致。
① Nobody but my parents knows the secret.除了我的父母没人知道这个秘密。 ② The teacher as well as students is excited.老师学生都很兴奋。
③ The students as well as the teacher have learned to drive a car . 学生和老师都学会了开车。 5. either、neither、no、each、every、many a、 more than one 后加单数名词。
any、some、no、 every构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。either, neither, each单独作主语时谓语动词用单数。
① Everybody is here.全都到了。
② Either of the parents is important to me.父母对我都很重要。 ③ Many a boy have made that mistake.很多男孩犯那个错误。
6. 分数或百分数＋of+名词/代词作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词或代词的单复数形式。 ① Two-thirds of the students come from countryside.三分之二的学生来自乡下。 ② Ninety percent of the work has been done. 百分之九十的工作已经完成。 7.定语从句中的主谓一致。 ⑴与先行词一致
I, who am your teacher, will share happiness and sorrow with you.我，也是你的老师将和你分享快乐和忧愁。 ⑵ which/as代替一句话内容,谓语动词用单数 As is known, she is kind.众所周知，她很善良。
2020年高考英语必考点全梳理专题8-主谓一致(精讲深剖)
